To fully analyze emission characteristics of VOCs （Volatile Organic Compounds） from automobile coating industry in Chongqing city, related enterprises in the city were investigated in detail. The results show that t...To fully analyze emission characteristics of VOCs （Volatile Organic Compounds） from automobile coating industry in Chongqing city, related enterprises in the city were investigated in detail. The results show that the emission of VOCs from the automobile industry in Chongqing city was approximately 20,000 t in 2012, and the contribution rate of automobile coating was 83%. Most VOCs discharged from automobile coating industry were mainly from the use of coatings, diluents, curing agents and other materials containing VOCs. During the process of automobile coating, VOCs were mainly produced during the processes of spraying and drying. Besides, VOCs are partly produced during the processes of mixing paint, gluing, waxing and repairing. The major ingredients of VOCs discharged during the process of automobile coating were methylbenzene, dimethylbenzene, trimethylbenzene, cumene, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, formaldehyde, butanone, acetone, cyclohexanone and methyl ethyl ketone. Besides, the ingredients of naphtha and aromatic hydrocarbon in VOCs need to be determined. The maximum OFP （Ozone Formation Potential） of the above pollutants by the typical enterprises was 900-1,300 mg/m^3. The production of SOA （Secondary Organic Aerosol） was 3,636-11,073 t/a, which didn’t include the contribution of aldehydes, ketones, ethers and esters to SOA. This research could provide scientific reference for the establishment of emission standard, control technology and management methods of VOCs from automobile coating industry that accord with economic and social development in Chongqing city.展开更多
Constrained by the dual mission of supporting industrial growth and reducing emissions, China＇s traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental policies unavoidably face a dilemma. Taking environmental efficien...Constrained by the dual mission of supporting industrial growth and reducing emissions, China＇s traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental policies unavoidably face a dilemma. Taking environmental efficiency as the exclusive indicator for the relationship between environmental performance and industrial development, the author calculated the environmental efficiency of China＇s industries under different pollutant disposability assumptions, while also considering environmental pollution. In addition, based on the assumption of industry heterogeneity, the author examined the non-linear relationship between China＇s environmental regulation and environmental efficiency and calculated the optimal regulation environment for industries. According to this study, when impact of undesirable outputs （pollutant emissions） is considered, environmental regulation and environmental efficiency are positively correlated, which to some degree validates the Porter Hypothesis. At present, environmental regulation has significant positive effects on clean production industries but shows a lag effect on pollution-intensive industries. The degree of environmental regulation and environmental efficiency show an ＂inverted U＂shaped relation and display three thresholds. It should be noted, however, that the relationship between regulation and efficiency may vary across industries. These findings have clear policy implications： China should adjust its traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental polices by targeting environmental efficiency. At the same time, rather than continually increasing the level of environmental regulation, the government should establish standards for individual industries that emphasize flexibility.展开更多
文摘To fully analyze emission characteristics of VOCs （Volatile Organic Compounds） from automobile coating industry in Chongqing city, related enterprises in the city were investigated in detail. The results show that the emission of VOCs from the automobile industry in Chongqing city was approximately 20,000 t in 2012, and the contribution rate of automobile coating was 83%. Most VOCs discharged from automobile coating industry were mainly from the use of coatings, diluents, curing agents and other materials containing VOCs. During the process of automobile coating, VOCs were mainly produced during the processes of spraying and drying. Besides, VOCs are partly produced during the processes of mixing paint, gluing, waxing and repairing. The major ingredients of VOCs discharged during the process of automobile coating were methylbenzene, dimethylbenzene, trimethylbenzene, cumene, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, formaldehyde, butanone, acetone, cyclohexanone and methyl ethyl ketone. Besides, the ingredients of naphtha and aromatic hydrocarbon in VOCs need to be determined. The maximum OFP （Ozone Formation Potential） of the above pollutants by the typical enterprises was 900-1,300 mg/m^3. The production of SOA （Secondary Organic Aerosol） was 3,636-11,073 t/a, which didn’t include the contribution of aldehydes, ketones, ethers and esters to SOA. This research could provide scientific reference for the establishment of emission standard, control technology and management methods of VOCs from automobile coating industry that accord with economic and social development in Chongqing city.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（Grant Number 71003023） Ministry of Education, Humanities and Social Science research projects （Grant Number 10YJC790062）.
文摘Constrained by the dual mission of supporting industrial growth and reducing emissions, China＇s traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental policies unavoidably face a dilemma. Taking environmental efficiency as the exclusive indicator for the relationship between environmental performance and industrial development, the author calculated the environmental efficiency of China＇s industries under different pollutant disposability assumptions, while also considering environmental pollution. In addition, based on the assumption of industry heterogeneity, the author examined the non-linear relationship between China＇s environmental regulation and environmental efficiency and calculated the optimal regulation environment for industries. According to this study, when impact of undesirable outputs （pollutant emissions） is considered, environmental regulation and environmental efficiency are positively correlated, which to some degree validates the Porter Hypothesis. At present, environmental regulation has significant positive effects on clean production industries but shows a lag effect on pollution-intensive industries. The degree of environmental regulation and environmental efficiency show an ＂inverted U＂shaped relation and display three thresholds. It should be noted, however, that the relationship between regulation and efficiency may vary across industries. These findings have clear policy implications： China should adjust its traditional emission reduction-oriented environmental polices by targeting environmental efficiency. At the same time, rather than continually increasing the level of environmental regulation, the government should establish standards for individual industries that emphasize flexibility.
