Patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension exhibit characteristic cardiovascular and pulmonary hemodynamic changes. A vasodilatatory state and a hyperdynamic circulation affecting the cardiac and pulmonary functi...Patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension exhibit characteristic cardiovascular and pulmonary hemodynamic changes. A vasodilatatory state and a hyperdynamic circulation affecting the cardiac and pulmonary functions dominate the circulation. The recently defined cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may affect systolic and diastolic functions, and imply electromechanical abnormalities. In addition, the baroreceptor function and regulation of the circulatory homoeostasis is impaired. Pulmonary dysfunction involves diffusing abnormalities with the development of the hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension in some patients. Recent research has focused on the assertion that the hemodynamic and neurohumoral dysregulation are of major importance for the development of the cardiovascular and pulmonary complications in cirrhosis. This aspect is important to take into account in the management of these patients.展开更多
Objectives To investigate the overall prevalence of cardiovascular disease （CVD） in subjects hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）,and explore the prevalence of the major CVD complications ...Objectives To investigate the overall prevalence of cardiovascular disease （CVD） in subjects hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）,and explore the prevalence of the major CVD complications and trends in patients with COPD over a 10-year period.Methods Medical records in the PLA General Hospital,Beijing Union Medical College Hospital,and Beijing Hospital from 2000/01/01 to 2010/03/03 were retrospectively reviewed.A total of 4960 patients with COPD were reviewed in the study （3570 males,mean age,72.2 ± 10.5 years; 1390 females,mean age,72.0 ± 10.4 years）.Results The prevalence of CVD in COPD patients was 51.7％.The three most prevalent CVDs were ischemic heart disease （28.9％）,heart failure （19.6％）,and arrhythmia （12.6％）.During the 10-year study period,the prevalence of various CVDs in COPD patients showed a gradual increasing trend with increasing age.There was higher morbidity due to ischemic heart disease （P ＜ 0.01） in male COPD patients than in the female counterparts.However,heart failure （P ＜ 0.01）and hypertension （P ＜ 0.01） occurred less frequently in male COPD patients than in female COPD patients.Furthermore,the prevalence of ischemic heart disease decreased year by year.In addition to heart failure,various types of CVD complications in COPD patients tended to occur in younger subjects.The prevalence of all major types of CVD in women tended to increase year by year.Conclusions The prevalence of CVD in patients hospitalized for COPD in Beijing was high.Age,sex and CVD trends,as well as life style changes,should be considered when prevention and control strategies are formulated.展开更多
While cardiopulmonary symptoms are common in patients undergoing dassical or, due to physical exercise, exertional heat stroke, the failure of other organs is a rarely described phenomenon. Here we present two cases o...While cardiopulmonary symptoms are common in patients undergoing dassical or, due to physical exercise, exertional heat stroke, the failure of other organs is a rarely described phenomenon. Here we present two cases of acute hepatic failure, one due to classic heat shock, while the other occurred while the patient was doing a marathon-type running. Both cases presented with very high transaminases and significantly elevated international normalized ratio （INR）. No other causes for liver failure could be identified but physical exhaustion and hyperthermia.展开更多
文摘Patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension exhibit characteristic cardiovascular and pulmonary hemodynamic changes. A vasodilatatory state and a hyperdynamic circulation affecting the cardiac and pulmonary functions dominate the circulation. The recently defined cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may affect systolic and diastolic functions, and imply electromechanical abnormalities. In addition, the baroreceptor function and regulation of the circulatory homoeostasis is impaired. Pulmonary dysfunction involves diffusing abnormalities with the development of the hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension in some patients. Recent research has focused on the assertion that the hemodynamic and neurohumoral dysregulation are of major importance for the development of the cardiovascular and pulmonary complications in cirrhosis. This aspect is important to take into account in the management of these patients.
文摘Objectives To investigate the overall prevalence of cardiovascular disease （CVD） in subjects hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）,and explore the prevalence of the major CVD complications and trends in patients with COPD over a 10-year period.Methods Medical records in the PLA General Hospital,Beijing Union Medical College Hospital,and Beijing Hospital from 2000/01/01 to 2010/03/03 were retrospectively reviewed.A total of 4960 patients with COPD were reviewed in the study （3570 males,mean age,72.2 ± 10.5 years; 1390 females,mean age,72.0 ± 10.4 years）.Results The prevalence of CVD in COPD patients was 51.7％.The three most prevalent CVDs were ischemic heart disease （28.9％）,heart failure （19.6％）,and arrhythmia （12.6％）.During the 10-year study period,the prevalence of various CVDs in COPD patients showed a gradual increasing trend with increasing age.There was higher morbidity due to ischemic heart disease （P ＜ 0.01） in male COPD patients than in the female counterparts.However,heart failure （P ＜ 0.01）and hypertension （P ＜ 0.01） occurred less frequently in male COPD patients than in female COPD patients.Furthermore,the prevalence of ischemic heart disease decreased year by year.In addition to heart failure,various types of CVD complications in COPD patients tended to occur in younger subjects.The prevalence of all major types of CVD in women tended to increase year by year.Conclusions The prevalence of CVD in patients hospitalized for COPD in Beijing was high.Age,sex and CVD trends,as well as life style changes,should be considered when prevention and control strategies are formulated.
文摘While cardiopulmonary symptoms are common in patients undergoing dassical or, due to physical exercise, exertional heat stroke, the failure of other organs is a rarely described phenomenon. Here we present two cases of acute hepatic failure, one due to classic heat shock, while the other occurred while the patient was doing a marathon-type running. Both cases presented with very high transaminases and significantly elevated international normalized ratio （INR）. No other causes for liver failure could be identified but physical exhaustion and hyperthermia.
