The thermal modeling of underwater friction stir welding (FSW) was conddcted with a three-dimensional heat transfer model. The vaporizing characteristics of water were analyzed to illuminate the boundary conditions ...The thermal modeling of underwater friction stir welding (FSW) was conddcted with a three-dimensional heat transfer model. The vaporizing characteristics of water were analyzed to illuminate the boundary conditions of underwater FSW. Temperature dependent properties of the material were considered for the modeling. FSW experiments were carried out to validate the calculated results, and the calculated results showed good agreement with the experimental results. The results indicate that the maximum peak temperature of underwater joint is significantly lower than that of normal joint, although the surface heat flux of shoulder during the underwater FSW is higher than that during normal FSW. For underwater joint, the high-temperature distributing area is dramatically narrowed and the welding thermal cycles in different zones are effectively controlled in contrast to the normal joint.展开更多
罐底泥(简称油泥)具有流动性差、粘度大、胶质沥青质含量高、放置时间越长重油成分所占比重越大等特点。本实验采用热碱水处理-破乳-絮凝-气浮分离工艺,对罐底油泥样品进行了处理,对分离后实验剩余的残渣进行含油量的测定,从而比较除油...罐底泥(简称油泥)具有流动性差、粘度大、胶质沥青质含量高、放置时间越长重油成分所占比重越大等特点。本实验采用热碱水处理-破乳-絮凝-气浮分离工艺,对罐底油泥样品进行了处理,对分离后实验剩余的残渣进行含油量的测定,从而比较除油效率。结果表明,在本实验中最佳的实验条件为:碳酸钠水溶液的质量分数为5%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠的投加量为0.5 m L、PAM的投加量为0.4g、搅拌时间为15 min、搅拌温度为80℃、气浮时间为20 min、气浮温度为70℃。使用此方法对罐底油泥进行分离,可以有效的达到油水分离状态,有回收率高、污染低、操作简单等优点。展开更多
基金Project(2010CB731704) supported by the National Basic Research Progiam of ChinaProject(51175117) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2010ZX04007-011) supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China
文摘The thermal modeling of underwater friction stir welding (FSW) was conddcted with a three-dimensional heat transfer model. The vaporizing characteristics of water were analyzed to illuminate the boundary conditions of underwater FSW. Temperature dependent properties of the material were considered for the modeling. FSW experiments were carried out to validate the calculated results, and the calculated results showed good agreement with the experimental results. The results indicate that the maximum peak temperature of underwater joint is significantly lower than that of normal joint, although the surface heat flux of shoulder during the underwater FSW is higher than that during normal FSW. For underwater joint, the high-temperature distributing area is dramatically narrowed and the welding thermal cycles in different zones are effectively controlled in contrast to the normal joint.
文摘罐底泥(简称油泥)具有流动性差、粘度大、胶质沥青质含量高、放置时间越长重油成分所占比重越大等特点。本实验采用热碱水处理-破乳-絮凝-气浮分离工艺,对罐底油泥样品进行了处理,对分离后实验剩余的残渣进行含油量的测定,从而比较除油效率。结果表明,在本实验中最佳的实验条件为:碳酸钠水溶液的质量分数为5%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠的投加量为0.5 m L、PAM的投加量为0.4g、搅拌时间为15 min、搅拌温度为80℃、气浮时间为20 min、气浮温度为70℃。使用此方法对罐底油泥进行分离,可以有效的达到油水分离状态,有回收率高、污染低、操作简单等优点。