The differences in XRD patterns, elemental compositions, FT-IR spectra and TG-DSC curves of extract residues obtained by NaOH, and NaOH assisted with anthraguinone （AQ） extraction procedures were studied. The extrac...The differences in XRD patterns, elemental compositions, FT-IR spectra and TG-DSC curves of extract residues obtained by NaOH, and NaOH assisted with anthraguinone （AQ） extraction procedures were studied. The extract residues are mainly comprised of humin fractions associated with inorganic minerals. XRD analysis shows that there is no typical peak of organic carbon because those organic humin fractions appear as a highly disordered substance. The peak of quartz is dominant. The elementary analysis shows that assistant AQ in NaOH solution can break the link of organic humic substances with inorganic minerals. And aromatization degree of humin fractions obtained by NaOH is smaller than that obtained by NaOH assisted with AQ. FT-IR analysis displays that various groups exist in those two humin fractions obtained by different extraction procedures. There are some differences in FT-IR curves between two humin fractions. TG-DSC analysis shows that thermal decomposition occurs during the heating of testing samples. By contrast, the humin fractions associated with inorganic minerals obtained by NaOH possess a higher thermal decomposition range.展开更多
This study focuses on the geochemistry of trace elements and parameters of coal quality of bituminous coal belonging to the upper Triassic-lower Jurassic era, collected from the Galandrud region in Central Alborz, nor...This study focuses on the geochemistry of trace elements and parameters of coal quality of bituminous coal belonging to the upper Triassic-lower Jurassic era, collected from the Galandrud region in Central Alborz, northern Iran. Galandrud coal on an air-dried basis are characterized by broad variation in the amount of ash （ranging from 6.49g to 12.73%）, a high content of volatile matter （33,32-37.45%） and high gross calorific values （7430-8880 kcal/kg）. The mineral matter of the coal samples studied is made up of dolomite （〉909g）, quartz, sphalerite, galena, pyrite and clay minerals. Major elements are positively cor- related with ash content suggesting an association with inorganic constituents. Based on statistical anal- yses, concentrations of trace elements such as Co （51.3 ×10^-6-152.9× 10^-6）, Ba （368× 10^-6-3297.4×10^-6）, Cr （65.5 ×10^-6-194.2 × 10^-6）, Mo （5.6 × 10^-6-18.2× 10^-6）, Hi （72.9 × 10^-6-152.9 × 10^-6） and V （245.5 × 10^-6-520 ×10^-6） are higher than world coal averages. However, low concentration of some vol- atile elements such as As, Hg and U are present in low concentrations of the various types of coal studied.展开更多
Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, ...Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, clay minerals, and nanoparticles(NPs) on the release of heavy metals from sugar factory waste, ceramic factory waste, leather factory waste, and stone cutting waste. The influence of the extractants on heavy metal release from these ISWs was in the following descending order: citric acid > oxalic acid > nitric acid≥ sulfuric acid > Ca Cl2. Addition of clay minerals and NPs as adsorbents decreased heavy metal release, which was significantly lower in NP-treated wastes than in the clay mineral-treated wastes. On the other hand, the presence of organic and inorganic acids increased heavy metal adsorption by NPs and clay minerals. These results suggest that NPs can be applied successfully in waste remediation,and organic and inorganic acids play an important role in the removal of heavy metals from the studied adsorbents.展开更多
基金Project(50725416) supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars of ChinaProjects(CX2009B035,CX2010B063) supported by Graduate Degree Thesis Innovation Foundation of Hunan Province, China
文摘The differences in XRD patterns, elemental compositions, FT-IR spectra and TG-DSC curves of extract residues obtained by NaOH, and NaOH assisted with anthraguinone （AQ） extraction procedures were studied. The extract residues are mainly comprised of humin fractions associated with inorganic minerals. XRD analysis shows that there is no typical peak of organic carbon because those organic humin fractions appear as a highly disordered substance. The peak of quartz is dominant. The elementary analysis shows that assistant AQ in NaOH solution can break the link of organic humic substances with inorganic minerals. And aromatization degree of humin fractions obtained by NaOH is smaller than that obtained by NaOH assisted with AQ. FT-IR analysis displays that various groups exist in those two humin fractions obtained by different extraction procedures. There are some differences in FT-IR curves between two humin fractions. TG-DSC analysis shows that thermal decomposition occurs during the heating of testing samples. By contrast, the humin fractions associated with inorganic minerals obtained by NaOH possess a higher thermal decomposition range.
基金supported by the Iranian Institute for Geological Surveys and Mineral Exploration
文摘This study focuses on the geochemistry of trace elements and parameters of coal quality of bituminous coal belonging to the upper Triassic-lower Jurassic era, collected from the Galandrud region in Central Alborz, northern Iran. Galandrud coal on an air-dried basis are characterized by broad variation in the amount of ash （ranging from 6.49g to 12.73%）, a high content of volatile matter （33,32-37.45%） and high gross calorific values （7430-8880 kcal/kg）. The mineral matter of the coal samples studied is made up of dolomite （〉909g）, quartz, sphalerite, galena, pyrite and clay minerals. Major elements are positively cor- related with ash content suggesting an association with inorganic constituents. Based on statistical anal- yses, concentrations of trace elements such as Co （51.3 ×10^-6-152.9× 10^-6）, Ba （368× 10^-6-3297.4×10^-6）, Cr （65.5 ×10^-6-194.2 × 10^-6）, Mo （5.6 × 10^-6-18.2× 10^-6）, Hi （72.9 × 10^-6-152.9 × 10^-6） and V （245.5 × 10^-6-520 ×10^-6） are higher than world coal averages. However, low concentration of some vol- atile elements such as As, Hg and U are present in low concentrations of the various types of coal studied.
文摘Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, clay minerals, and nanoparticles(NPs) on the release of heavy metals from sugar factory waste, ceramic factory waste, leather factory waste, and stone cutting waste. The influence of the extractants on heavy metal release from these ISWs was in the following descending order: citric acid > oxalic acid > nitric acid≥ sulfuric acid > Ca Cl2. Addition of clay minerals and NPs as adsorbents decreased heavy metal release, which was significantly lower in NP-treated wastes than in the clay mineral-treated wastes. On the other hand, the presence of organic and inorganic acids increased heavy metal adsorption by NPs and clay minerals. These results suggest that NPs can be applied successfully in waste remediation,and organic and inorganic acids play an important role in the removal of heavy metals from the studied adsorbents.
