基于TRIZ理论的曲柄滑块机构演化与创新

基于TRIZ理论,分析了将曲柄滑块机构演化为正弦机构、间歇运动的导槽机构、等径凸轮机构和液压伺服控制机构的演化过程,提出了各演化过程所应用的TRIZ理论方法,总结了机构创新所遵循的TRIZ理论进化法则,为机构创新提供了参考依据。

ALFA-LAVAL分油机原理及机构演化

分析了ALFA-LAVAL分油机工作的物理原理,并比较了ALFA-LAVAL FOPX型和S型分油机主要结构和工作原理,有益于轮机员对ALFA-LAVAL分油机进行操作及维护。

两柱掩护式液压支架初撑过程的机构演化机理

针对两柱掩护式液压支架初撑过程的机构演化机理不明问题,建立了两柱掩护式液压支架的平面运动学模型,得到了两柱掩护式液压支架发生机构演化的必要条件,提出了平衡千斤顶与立柱的主动协同控制策略。理论分析和试验研究表明:两柱掩护式液压支架初撑过程是否发生机构演化取决于顶梁的接顶姿态和平衡千斤顶状态;顶梁以仰头姿态接触顶板,顶梁由摇杆演化为“摇杆+滑块”,且平衡千斤顶为刚性件时,底座由机架演化为摇杆;平衡千斤顶为刚性件时,随立柱伸长,顶梁的运动形式为沿顶板向煤壁方向的滑移和向顶板方向的旋转,底座的运动形式为绕底座前端向煤壁方向的旋转,顶梁和底座的运动轨迹均呈二次函数变化,且顶梁仰头角度越大,顶梁前端滑移量和底座后端抬起量越大;平衡千斤顶为浮动件时,随立柱伸长,顶梁的运动形式为沿顶板的滑移和向顶板方向的旋转,底座不发生运动,平衡千斤顶长度呈二次函数变化,而顶梁的运动轨迹呈三次函数变化,且滑移量很小,还可能出现往复运动。所提出的平衡千斤顶与立柱的主动协同控制策略,能够有效避免平衡千斤顶的吸进空气和支架机构演化问题。研究结果合理解释了平顶山矿区出现的采煤机与支架顶梁的干涉现象,为研究立柱和平衡千斤顶的主动协同控制提供了新思路。

同性异形机构及其应用

主要介绍同性异形机构的演化方法,在机构运动分析中的应用等。通过分析得知,当对应的输入、输出构件相同时,同性异形机构具有相同的传力特性。

齿条式差动加法机构工作原理及其变形

加法机构作为解算机构中的一类,能按照特定的数学关系所确定的规律实现机械运动转换,使其在军事技术领域、自动装置、遥控系统等方面都有所应用。加法机构的主要功能构件都是由杠杆、滑杆、齿轮、齿条、钢球等常见构件所组成,所以这种机构具有结构简单、制造容易、使用方便、成本低廉等优点。

螺旋定理在曲柄摇杆机构中的应用研究

理清现有机构的演化脉络是归纳机构创新方法的重要途径之一,但机构演化的脉络在目前主要还是停留在图、文等定性描述的层面上,因此,为提升到精确、定量的层面上,可以把最原始、最典型的曲柄摇杆机构到曲柄滑块机构的演化过程作为研究对象。依据螺旋定理,得出四杆机构转动副与移动副的Plücker坐标表达式,并在此基础上基于对偶矩阵,以矩阵的形式定量地阐述曲柄摇杆机构向曲柄滑块机构的演化过程。这既有助于对机构演化脉络的认识从定性层面提升到定量层面,又为机构的演化脉络、创新方法的研究提供了一种新的路径,同时,也为计算机提供了分析并演绎机构演化过程的新手段。

内齿行星轮行星齿轮的传动原理

内齿行星轮行星齿轮传动是行星齿轮传动的一种新型式。本文探讨了内齿行星轮行星齿轮传动的传动原理及其运动学计算、动力学计算、装配条件和齿廓不重迭干涉等。

活齿直线减速器的形成及型分析

应用机构演化原理，选择４种活齿传动基本类型作为原始机构，并对其进行演化， 形成了四类活齿直线减速器基本型．再应用运动变换原理，对四类活齿直线减速器进行了运动 变换，总计获得１６种基本型活齿直线减速器和１６种封闭型活齿直线减速器．

运用运动副变异法进行行星齿轮无级变速器的传动方案综合

介绍了运用运动副变异法演化得到的各种行星齿轮无级变速器,并通过对机构演化过程的分析给出了行星齿轮无级变速器的瞬时传动比和传动效率计算公式。

政府购买职业培训服务的博弈关系研究

政府购买职业培训服务是促进就业推动经济发展的有效措施,也是政府职能转变的重要表现形式。以博弈论为分析工具,构建政府、培训机构、公众的三方演化博弈模型,研究政府购买职业培训服务中各行为主体的策略演化趋势,结果表明,政府、培训机构、公众的行为相互影响,政府在购买培训服务中起主导地位,而培训机构起从属地位,其稳定策略的选择主要受政府监管力度的影响。为优化政府购买职业培训服务机制,政府应建立健全购买服务法规,提高监管效率;培训机构应完善管理制度,提高服务水平;同时要优化评估机制,强化监管机制。

Effect of Cu on microstructure,mechanical properties,and texture evolution of ZK60 alloy fabricated by hot extrusion−shearing process

As-cast Mg-6Zn-xCu-0.6Zr(x=0,0.5,1.0,wt.%)alloys were fabricated by permanent mold casting;then,the alloys were subjected to homogenization heat treatment and extrusion-shearing(ES)process.The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys were evaluated by OM,SEM/EDS,XRD,TEM,EBSD and tensile tests.The results show that the hard MgZnCu phase in Cu-added alloy can strengthen particle-stimulated nucleation(PSN)effect and hinder the migration of dynamic recrystallization(DRX)grain boundary at an elevated temperature during ES.The ZK60+0.5Cu alloy shows an optimal tensile strength–ductility combination(UTS of 396 MPa,YS of 313 MPa,andδ=20.3%)owing to strong grain boundary strengthening and improvement of Schmid factor for{0001}■basal slip.The aggregation of microvoids around the MgZnCu phase mainly accounts for the lower tensile elongation of ZK60+1.0Cu alloy compared with ZK60 alloy.

Coal and gas outburst mechanism of the “Three Soft” coal seam in western Henan

Based on the particularities of gas outbursts,i.e.,low gas bearing capacity and low gas pressure in the "Three Soft" coal seam in western Henan,we applied the theories of plate tectonics and regional structural evolution to investigate the mechanism of this seam and its impact on the coal seam gas formation.Our investigation revealed that coal and gas outbursts are distributed in a strip in a NW direction,with a number of high-penetration mines scattered towards the south side and low-gas mines largely located on the north side.We analyzed the statistics of 38 gas explosions and the rock-coal sturdiness number coefficient f of 167 sampling sites in the region and found the gas outburst mechanism that features a "low indicator outburst phenomenon".The mechanism is characterized by structural coal as its core,a low gas bearing capacity,low gas pressure and sturdiness coefficient f mostly less than 0.3.Our research results provide a theoretical foundation for effective control of gas disasters.

Evolvement behavior of microstructure and H_2O adsorption of lignite pyrolysis

The effect of pyrolysis on the microstructure and moisture adsorption of lignite was investigated with low field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Changes in oxygen-containing groups were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, and H20 adsorption mechanism on the surface of lignite pyrolysis was inferred. Two major changes in the pore structure of lignite char were observed as temperature increased in 105-200 ℃ and 500-700 ℃. Pyrolysis temperature is a significant factor in removing carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl from lignite. Variation of ether bond content can be divided into three stages; the content initially increased, then decreased, and finally increased. The equilibrium adsorption ratio, content of oxygen-containing groups, and variation of pore volume below 700° were closely correlated with each other. The amount of adsorbed water on char pyrolyzed at 700 ℃ increased. Moreover, the adsorption capacity of the lignite decreased, and the adsorption state changed.

Mechanism of Structural Transformation of China＇s Technology Export

Extending Long＇s （2001） two-sector model into a three-sector model, this paper constructs a new framework for analysing the evolution mechanism of the structure of technology exports. The authors also have applied an adjusted Hausman model to measure the structure of exported technology at China＇s provincial level regions. Upon this foundation, approaching the subject from its domestic and international impact factors, this paper empirically tests the motives driving the structural transformation of China＇s technology export. The conclusions are： （1） the structure of China＇s technology export has improved significantly in recent years, but not as highly as measured by Rodrik （2006） et al. （2） The dynamic mechanism of the structure of China＇s technology export differs from that of the other developing countries. At national and regional levels, the mounting physical capital stock is the fundamental driving force, but with obvious decreasing marginal utility. （3） Excessive unskilled labor in the capital production sector in the central and western regions, and excessively low export prices in the eastern regions have caused negative effects of the skilled labor in the western region and unskilled labor in the eastern region on local structure of technology export.

The Redesign of the Business Model Based on the Structural Perspective

At present, whether internally or abroad, whether in the theory or business, there is a lack of a unified understanding about the basic concepts of structural system and theoretical category of enterprise business model, and its theoretical analysis framework has not been built up, it is the exploratory phase of the model research in the mass. This study aims to analyze the formation mechanism, action mechanism, and evolution mechanism about the business model from the perspective of structure, and designs the enterprise business model architecture and forms a system, besides, explores approaches and strategies about enterprise carrying out business model innovation, and does beneficial bedding in order to use and improve the theoretical system in the process of the enterprise management practice. The significance of this study is to provide analytical methods and tools for the business model questions in the enterprise management practice. This paper firstly defined the connotation of enterprise business model and summarized the seven characteristics of the corporate business model. On the basis of outlining the enterprise business model design theory, the structural design of the corporate business model is mainly discussed. This paper designed the structure of the business model on modular perspective, proposed four constituent units and nine elements of enterprise business model structure system. Through the design of the enterprise business model structure and analysis of the elements that constitute structure, provide the basis for the transformation of innovative enterprise business model, or both enterprise business models, avoid the lack of elements of the enterprise business model structure and lead to business failure. Finally, the paper concludes with the five core strategies for the implementation of the enterprise business model design.

The Role of Institutional Investors in the Evolutionary Dynamics of Agro-food Enterprises

The research topic is the one of public finance company whose core business is focused to support investment projects to overcome enterprises technological and structural gap. The research question is： If and how a public finance company is able to create and favor value creation processes sustainability for agro-food enterprises, highlighting the positive emerging externalities for different categories of stakeholders. They have results with particular evidences allow comparisons between the private investments and the support of institutional public investors. In such perspective, the mode of disbursement of soft loans and investment operations made by a public financing company will be examined. The methodological approach used, following a deductive-inductive perspective, is based on the ease study. Such technique able to formulate theories about a little known phenomena in their context, allows the study of recent events on which the researcher has little control. To this, a qualitative analysis on both primary and secondary data adds. From data analysis, it resulted that the Institute of Agribusiness Development （ISA） initiatives facilitated, just for example, the technological innovation of production department and consequent production capacity, the acquisition of production assets for row material processing and optimization of internal logistics, through an innovative automated warehouse. As a result, the case study finds sustainability at multiple levels reached by the activities promoted by ISA and the subsequent co-creation of value for stakeholders involved, small agro-food businesses innovation, and/or internationalization processes. As long as practical implications are concerned, such highlight the importance and the need for public and private institutions in their effort to continue to invest in projects to support the economy of the country. The originality of the paper lies in the proposed interpretation of more integrative paradigms （viable system approach, sustainability, and, value creation）, analyzing a financial institution for the development of the Italian food industry. At the same time, authors stress the research limit that is the analysis of the input of only one organization and consequent limited data in quantity and time span.

Spectra response from macromolecular structure evolution of tectonically deformed coal of different deformation mechanisms

Coals with different deformation mechanisms(brittle deformation,brittle-ductile deformation,and ductile deformation) repre-sent different ways in macromolecular structure evolution based on the metamorphism.The evolution of coal structure could affect the occurrence condition of coalbed methane(CBM) because the nanopore structure affected by macromolecular struc-ture is the most important reservoir for CBM.This paper analyzes the evolutions and mechanisms of structure and functional group of tectonically deformed coals(TDCs) collected from Huainan-Huaibei coalfield using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,and Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy methods.The results show that the macromolecular struc-ture evolutions of TDC are different from the primary structure coal as a result of the different metamorphic grade and defor-mation mechanisms.The different deformation mechanisms variously affect the process of functional group and polyconden-sation of macromolecular structure.Furthermore,the tectonic deformation leads to secondary structural defects and reduces the structure stability of TDC.The coupled evolution on stacking and extension caused by the changes of secondary structural de-fects results from different deformation mechanisms.We consider that the changes of chemical structure and secondary struc-tural defects are the primary reasons for the various structure evolutions of TDC compared with primary structure coal.

Simulation of texture evolution and deformation mechanism in Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy during uniaxial compression

The effects of starting texture on he flow curves, and microstructure and texture evolutions of AZ31(Mg-3Al-1Zn-0.3Mn in wt.%) alloy during uniaxial compression at room temperature have been investigated by experiments and simulations. Two kinds of cylindrical compression samples were cut from the AZ31 extruded rod: one was cut with the compression direction parallel to the extruded direction(ED), and the other was cut with the compression axis perpendicular to the ED. The samples were termed as C//ED sample and C⊥ED sample, respectively. The results indicate that the general characteristics of flow curves and texture evolutions in both C⊥ED and C//ED samples during compression can be well explained by the relative activities of deformation mechanisms, which show a strong orientation dependence on the initial textures and the current texture. A significant yield behavior can be induced by {10-12} twinning at the starting deformation, and the lower yield stress in C⊥ED sample can be enhanced by the high activity of basal slip. The work hardening behavior is related to the activities of basal slip, pyramidal <c+a> slip, {10-12} twinning, as well as {10-11} twinning. However, the activity of prismatic slip is insensitive to the starting texture, and mostly negligible in all samples.

Numerical simulation of microstructure evolution during directional solidification process in directional solidified (DS) turbine blades

Directional solidified(DS) turbine blades are widely used in advanced gas turbine engine. The size and orientation of columnar grains have great influence on the high temperature property and performance of the turbine blade. Numerical simulation of the directional solidification process is an effective way to investigate the grain's growth and morphology,and hence to optimize the process. In this paper,a mathematical model was presented to study the directional solidified microstructures at different withdrawal rates. Ray-tracing method was applied to calculate the temperature variation of the blade. By using a Modified Cellular Automation(MCA) method and a simple linear interpolation method,the mushy zone and the microstructure evolution were studied in detail. Experimental validations were carried out at different withdrawal rates. The calculated cooling curves and microstructure agreed well with those experimental. It is indicated that the withdrawal rate affects the temperature distribution and growth rate of the grain directly,which determines the final size and morphology of the columnar grain. A moderate withdrawal rate can lead to high quality DS turbine blades for industrial application.

New Homoclinic and Heteroclinic Solutions for Zakharov System

A new type of homoclinic arid heteroclinic solutions, i.e. homoclinic and heteroclinic breather solutions, for Zakharov system are obtained using extended homoclinic test and two-soliton methods, respectively. Moreover, the homoclinic and heteroclinic structure with local oscillation and mechanicaL feature different from homoclinic and heterocliunic solutions are investigated. Result shows complexity of dynamics for complex nonlineaR evolution system. Moreover, the similarities and differences between homoclinic （heteroclinic） breather and homoclinic （heteroclinic） tube are exhibited. These results show that the diversity of the structures of homoclinic and heteroclinic solutions.