女性一生各阶段具有不同的生理特征,其中以生殖系统和内分泌系统的变化最为显著。阴道微生态作为妇产科学领域近年来的研究热点,得到了广泛的研究支持,并在女性生殖健康中起着重要的作用。经过长期的理论和临床研究,发现阴道微生态可受...女性一生各阶段具有不同的生理特征,其中以生殖系统和内分泌系统的变化最为显著。阴道微生态作为妇产科学领域近年来的研究热点,得到了广泛的研究支持,并在女性生殖健康中起着重要的作用。经过长期的理论和临床研究,发现阴道微生态可受多种因素的影响,大致可以分为内源性和外源性两大类。在众多因素中,雌激素、乳杆菌、局部pH值以及阴道黏膜免疫系统是最主要的影响因素。女性不同的生理阶段,性腺激素水平也大不相同。因此,阴道微生态受性激素的影响,也会发生不同的变化。然而,目前关于不同生理阶段下性激素水平的变化对阴道微生态的影响的研究相对较少。所以,了解这些特殊的变化,对处于不同生理阶段女性的阴道微生态状况的判读、处置具有重要意义。Women have different physiological characteristics in each stage of their life, among which the changes of reproductive system and endocrine system are the most significant. Vaginal microecology, as a research hotspot in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in recent years, has received extensive research support and plays an important role in female reproductive health. After long-term theoretical and clinical studies, it is found that vaginal microecology can be affected by a variety of factors, which can be roughly divided into two categories: endogenous and exogenous. Among many factors, estrogen, Lactobacillus, local pH and vaginal mucosal immune system are the most important influencing factors. Women at different physiological stages, gonadal hormone levels are also very different. Therefore, the vaginal microecology is affected by sex hormones and will also undergo different changes. However, there are relatively few studies on the effects of changes in sex hormone levels at different physiological stages on vaginal microecology. Therefore, understanding these special changes is of great significance to the interpretation and disposal of the vaginal microecological status of women in different physiological stages.展开更多
[目的]测定比较不同繁殖生理阶段和繁殖障碍肉用母牛的阴道黏液电阻值(electrical resistance of vaginal mucus,ERVM),获得相关基础数据,为辅助判定母牛发情、妊娠和诊断繁殖障碍疾病提供参考,同时客观评价发情排卵测定仪在实际生产中...[目的]测定比较不同繁殖生理阶段和繁殖障碍肉用母牛的阴道黏液电阻值(electrical resistance of vaginal mucus,ERVM),获得相关基础数据,为辅助判定母牛发情、妊娠和诊断繁殖障碍疾病提供参考,同时客观评价发情排卵测定仪在实际生产中的应用价值,为提高母牛繁殖效率提供技术支持。[方法]在21个肉牛养殖场(户)选择297头肉用繁殖母牛,根据繁殖记录和直肠检查结果,确定母牛所处的繁殖生理阶段(休情期、发情期、妊娠期)或是否存在繁殖障碍。按记录结果将297头母牛分为4组:休情期组76头、发情期组48头、妊娠期组106头和繁殖障碍组67头。妊娠期组106头根据妊娠天数分为4组:妊娠≤60 d 44头、妊娠61~120 d 24头、妊娠121~180 d 31头、妊娠>180 d 7头;根据繁殖生理进程,在休情期、发情期、妊娠期组母牛中分别选取黄体期42头、卵泡期13头和妊娠期24头;繁殖障碍组67头根据繁殖障碍类型分为3组:卵巢囊肿8头、持久黄体57头、异性孪生不孕2头。采用全自动动物发情排卵测定仪测定ERVM值,对不同繁殖生理阶段及繁殖障碍母牛的ERVM值进行比较分析。[结果]不同繁殖生理阶段的母牛以发情期的ERVM值最低,分别比休情期和妊娠期低17.91%(P<0.01)和28.38%(P<0.01),休情期的ERVM值比妊娠期低12.76%(P<0.01);不同妊娠时间的ERVM值以妊娠≤60 d最高,其次为妊娠61~120 d,二者均极显著(P<0.01)高于妊娠>180 d,妊娠121~180 d的ERVM值显著(P<0.05)高于妊娠>180 d;卵泡期母牛的ERVM值比黄体期和妊娠期分别低35.85%和37.05%,均达到极显著(P<0.01)水平,黄体期的ERVM值与妊娠期相近(P>0.05)。对于繁殖障碍的母牛,以异性孪生不孕母牛的ERVM值最高,比卵巢囊肿母牛高36.12%(P<0.01);持久黄体母牛的ERVM值比卵巢囊肿母牛高22.42%(P>0.05)。[结论]获得了肉用母牛正常繁殖生理期及繁殖障碍母牛的ERVM值变化规律。休情期、发情期、妊娠期和繁殖障碍母牛群体的ERVM平均值存在明显差异,个体间差异较大,而且在不同繁殖生理状况下母牛的ERVM值存在部分重叠,只有当ERVM值小于180Ω时基本可确定母牛处于发情期。利用ERVM值判定母牛妊娠期、休情期及繁殖障碍需结合直肠检查等诊断手段,并查实配种记录。展开更多
文摘女性一生各阶段具有不同的生理特征,其中以生殖系统和内分泌系统的变化最为显著。阴道微生态作为妇产科学领域近年来的研究热点,得到了广泛的研究支持,并在女性生殖健康中起着重要的作用。经过长期的理论和临床研究,发现阴道微生态可受多种因素的影响,大致可以分为内源性和外源性两大类。在众多因素中,雌激素、乳杆菌、局部pH值以及阴道黏膜免疫系统是最主要的影响因素。女性不同的生理阶段,性腺激素水平也大不相同。因此,阴道微生态受性激素的影响,也会发生不同的变化。然而,目前关于不同生理阶段下性激素水平的变化对阴道微生态的影响的研究相对较少。所以,了解这些特殊的变化,对处于不同生理阶段女性的阴道微生态状况的判读、处置具有重要意义。Women have different physiological characteristics in each stage of their life, among which the changes of reproductive system and endocrine system are the most significant. Vaginal microecology, as a research hotspot in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in recent years, has received extensive research support and plays an important role in female reproductive health. After long-term theoretical and clinical studies, it is found that vaginal microecology can be affected by a variety of factors, which can be roughly divided into two categories: endogenous and exogenous. Among many factors, estrogen, Lactobacillus, local pH and vaginal mucosal immune system are the most important influencing factors. Women at different physiological stages, gonadal hormone levels are also very different. Therefore, the vaginal microecology is affected by sex hormones and will also undergo different changes. However, there are relatively few studies on the effects of changes in sex hormone levels at different physiological stages on vaginal microecology. Therefore, understanding these special changes is of great significance to the interpretation and disposal of the vaginal microecological status of women in different physiological stages.
文摘[目的]测定比较不同繁殖生理阶段和繁殖障碍肉用母牛的阴道黏液电阻值(electrical resistance of vaginal mucus,ERVM),获得相关基础数据,为辅助判定母牛发情、妊娠和诊断繁殖障碍疾病提供参考,同时客观评价发情排卵测定仪在实际生产中的应用价值,为提高母牛繁殖效率提供技术支持。[方法]在21个肉牛养殖场(户)选择297头肉用繁殖母牛,根据繁殖记录和直肠检查结果,确定母牛所处的繁殖生理阶段(休情期、发情期、妊娠期)或是否存在繁殖障碍。按记录结果将297头母牛分为4组:休情期组76头、发情期组48头、妊娠期组106头和繁殖障碍组67头。妊娠期组106头根据妊娠天数分为4组:妊娠≤60 d 44头、妊娠61~120 d 24头、妊娠121~180 d 31头、妊娠>180 d 7头;根据繁殖生理进程,在休情期、发情期、妊娠期组母牛中分别选取黄体期42头、卵泡期13头和妊娠期24头;繁殖障碍组67头根据繁殖障碍类型分为3组:卵巢囊肿8头、持久黄体57头、异性孪生不孕2头。采用全自动动物发情排卵测定仪测定ERVM值,对不同繁殖生理阶段及繁殖障碍母牛的ERVM值进行比较分析。[结果]不同繁殖生理阶段的母牛以发情期的ERVM值最低,分别比休情期和妊娠期低17.91%(P<0.01)和28.38%(P<0.01),休情期的ERVM值比妊娠期低12.76%(P<0.01);不同妊娠时间的ERVM值以妊娠≤60 d最高,其次为妊娠61~120 d,二者均极显著(P<0.01)高于妊娠>180 d,妊娠121~180 d的ERVM值显著(P<0.05)高于妊娠>180 d;卵泡期母牛的ERVM值比黄体期和妊娠期分别低35.85%和37.05%,均达到极显著(P<0.01)水平,黄体期的ERVM值与妊娠期相近(P>0.05)。对于繁殖障碍的母牛,以异性孪生不孕母牛的ERVM值最高,比卵巢囊肿母牛高36.12%(P<0.01);持久黄体母牛的ERVM值比卵巢囊肿母牛高22.42%(P>0.05)。[结论]获得了肉用母牛正常繁殖生理期及繁殖障碍母牛的ERVM值变化规律。休情期、发情期、妊娠期和繁殖障碍母牛群体的ERVM平均值存在明显差异,个体间差异较大,而且在不同繁殖生理状况下母牛的ERVM值存在部分重叠,只有当ERVM值小于180Ω时基本可确定母牛处于发情期。利用ERVM值判定母牛妊娠期、休情期及繁殖障碍需结合直肠检查等诊断手段,并查实配种记录。
