为揭示淮北煤田宿东矿区塌陷塘周边地下水水化学特征及影响因素,查明离子来源,明晰水质情况,采集了36个地下水样品。采用数理统计分析和水化学图解法,对研究区地下水的主要离子来源进行分析;运用综合水质指数(WQI)和Wilcox图解法对研究...为揭示淮北煤田宿东矿区塌陷塘周边地下水水化学特征及影响因素,查明离子来源,明晰水质情况,采集了36个地下水样品。采用数理统计分析和水化学图解法,对研究区地下水的主要离子来源进行分析;运用综合水质指数(WQI)和Wilcox图解法对研究区浅层地下水进行适用性水质评价。结果表明:研究区地下水属于淡水,呈弱碱性,水化学类型以Na-HCO3为主。水化学特征以受岩石风化作用控制为主。WQI评价结果表明,68.75%的水样水质较好。Wilcox图解法评价结果表明研究区地下水均可直接作为灌溉水使用,且合理利用不会使土壤盐碱化。In order to reveal the hydrochemical characteristics and influencing factors of the groundwater in the launch of the Huaibei Coalfield Sudong Mining Area, find out the ionic sources, determine the water quality, 36 groundwater samples were collected. Mathematical statistical analysis and hydraulic diagram method were used to analyze sources of groundwater ions. The comprehensive water quality index (WQI) and Wilcox illustration method were used to evaluate the water quality in the research area. The results show that the groundwater in the research area is freshwater, which is weakly alkaline, and the type of hydrophobic chemistry is mainly Na-HCO3. Hydrogenic characteristics are mainly controlled by rock weathering. The results of the WQI show the quality of 68.75% samples are better. The results of irrigation water quality evaluation show that the surface water samples of the research area can be used directly as irrigation water, and the reasonable use of soil will not make soil saline.展开更多
采煤塌陷区乡村聚落与非矿区乡村聚落的空间结构演化既有共性,也有差异性。本文运用Arcgis技术平台,从聚落的数量、斑块形状指数、平均斑块分维数、破碎化指数及核密度方法,定量化分析了两淮矿区刘桥镇乡村聚落空间结构演化过程、特征,...采煤塌陷区乡村聚落与非矿区乡村聚落的空间结构演化既有共性,也有差异性。本文运用Arcgis技术平台,从聚落的数量、斑块形状指数、平均斑块分维数、破碎化指数及核密度方法,定量化分析了两淮矿区刘桥镇乡村聚落空间结构演化过程、特征,定性与定量化相结合分析了刘桥镇乡村聚落空间结构演化的影响因素。结果表明:(1) 研究期内刘桥镇乡村聚落数量减少了21个,用地面积减少了33.13 hm2;最大聚落面积增长了4.39 hm2、最小聚落面积变化不大。(2) 刘桥镇乡村聚落北、中、南3个空间分布格局有差异,中西部塌陷区乡村聚落减少最多,主要向中东部搬迁安置;北部乡村聚落减少次之而南部乡村聚落空间结构比较稳定。(3) 刘桥镇乡村聚落破碎化指数和斑块形状指数有小幅降低,总体以集聚发展为主,聚落形态整体向规整化方向发展;平均斑块形状指数略有增长但平均斑块分维数变化不大,单个聚落斑块稳定性较强,形状有向复杂化发展态势。(4) 地势、坡度、交通道路和集镇发展等自然社会经济因素对塌陷区乡村聚落空间结构演化产生影响,但坡向、河流等因素影响作用不显著;采煤塌陷是促使矿区乡村聚落空间结构演化的主因,搬迁安置政策对聚落的空间结构具有刚性制约。The spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in coal-mining subsidence areas and non-mining rural settlements has both commonalities and differences. This paper uses Arcgis technology platform to quantitatively analyze the process and characteristics of spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in Liuqiao Township of Lianghuai Mining Area, from the number of settlements, patch shape index, average patch sub-dimension, fragmentation index and kernel density method, and analyzes the influencing factors of spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in Liuqiao Town by combining qualitative and quantitative. The consequence shows that: (1) the number of rural settlements in Liuqiao Town decreased by 21 and the land area decreased by 33.13 hm2 during the study period;the largest settlement area increased by 4.39 hm2 and the smallest settlement area did not change much. (2) There are differences in the spatial distribution patterns of the northern, middle and southern villages in Liuqiao Town, with the rural villages in the central and western collapse areas decreasing the most, mainly wanting to relocate and resettle in the central and eastern parts;the rural villages in the north decreasing the second most, while the spatial structure of the rural villages in the south is relatively stable. (3) The fragmentation index and the patch shape index of Liuqiao Town have slightly decreased, and the overall development is mainly in the direction of agglomeration, and the overall development of the settlement form is in the direction of regularization;the average patch shape index has slightly increased but the average patch sub-dimension has not changed much, and the stability of individual settlement patches is strong, and the shape has developed towards complexity. (4) Natural socio-economic factors such as terrain, slope, traffic roads and town development have influenced the spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in the collapse area, but the influence of slope direction and rivers is not significant;coal mining collapse is the main reason for the spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in the mining area, and the relocation and resettlement policy has rigid constraints on the spatial structure of settlements.展开更多
文摘为揭示淮北煤田宿东矿区塌陷塘周边地下水水化学特征及影响因素,查明离子来源,明晰水质情况,采集了36个地下水样品。采用数理统计分析和水化学图解法,对研究区地下水的主要离子来源进行分析;运用综合水质指数(WQI)和Wilcox图解法对研究区浅层地下水进行适用性水质评价。结果表明:研究区地下水属于淡水,呈弱碱性,水化学类型以Na-HCO3为主。水化学特征以受岩石风化作用控制为主。WQI评价结果表明,68.75%的水样水质较好。Wilcox图解法评价结果表明研究区地下水均可直接作为灌溉水使用,且合理利用不会使土壤盐碱化。In order to reveal the hydrochemical characteristics and influencing factors of the groundwater in the launch of the Huaibei Coalfield Sudong Mining Area, find out the ionic sources, determine the water quality, 36 groundwater samples were collected. Mathematical statistical analysis and hydraulic diagram method were used to analyze sources of groundwater ions. The comprehensive water quality index (WQI) and Wilcox illustration method were used to evaluate the water quality in the research area. The results show that the groundwater in the research area is freshwater, which is weakly alkaline, and the type of hydrophobic chemistry is mainly Na-HCO3. Hydrogenic characteristics are mainly controlled by rock weathering. The results of the WQI show the quality of 68.75% samples are better. The results of irrigation water quality evaluation show that the surface water samples of the research area can be used directly as irrigation water, and the reasonable use of soil will not make soil saline.
文摘采煤塌陷区乡村聚落与非矿区乡村聚落的空间结构演化既有共性,也有差异性。本文运用Arcgis技术平台,从聚落的数量、斑块形状指数、平均斑块分维数、破碎化指数及核密度方法,定量化分析了两淮矿区刘桥镇乡村聚落空间结构演化过程、特征,定性与定量化相结合分析了刘桥镇乡村聚落空间结构演化的影响因素。结果表明:(1) 研究期内刘桥镇乡村聚落数量减少了21个,用地面积减少了33.13 hm2;最大聚落面积增长了4.39 hm2、最小聚落面积变化不大。(2) 刘桥镇乡村聚落北、中、南3个空间分布格局有差异,中西部塌陷区乡村聚落减少最多,主要向中东部搬迁安置;北部乡村聚落减少次之而南部乡村聚落空间结构比较稳定。(3) 刘桥镇乡村聚落破碎化指数和斑块形状指数有小幅降低,总体以集聚发展为主,聚落形态整体向规整化方向发展;平均斑块形状指数略有增长但平均斑块分维数变化不大,单个聚落斑块稳定性较强,形状有向复杂化发展态势。(4) 地势、坡度、交通道路和集镇发展等自然社会经济因素对塌陷区乡村聚落空间结构演化产生影响,但坡向、河流等因素影响作用不显著;采煤塌陷是促使矿区乡村聚落空间结构演化的主因,搬迁安置政策对聚落的空间结构具有刚性制约。The spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in coal-mining subsidence areas and non-mining rural settlements has both commonalities and differences. This paper uses Arcgis technology platform to quantitatively analyze the process and characteristics of spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in Liuqiao Township of Lianghuai Mining Area, from the number of settlements, patch shape index, average patch sub-dimension, fragmentation index and kernel density method, and analyzes the influencing factors of spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in Liuqiao Town by combining qualitative and quantitative. The consequence shows that: (1) the number of rural settlements in Liuqiao Town decreased by 21 and the land area decreased by 33.13 hm2 during the study period;the largest settlement area increased by 4.39 hm2 and the smallest settlement area did not change much. (2) There are differences in the spatial distribution patterns of the northern, middle and southern villages in Liuqiao Town, with the rural villages in the central and western collapse areas decreasing the most, mainly wanting to relocate and resettle in the central and eastern parts;the rural villages in the north decreasing the second most, while the spatial structure of the rural villages in the south is relatively stable. (3) The fragmentation index and the patch shape index of Liuqiao Town have slightly decreased, and the overall development is mainly in the direction of agglomeration, and the overall development of the settlement form is in the direction of regularization;the average patch shape index has slightly increased but the average patch sub-dimension has not changed much, and the stability of individual settlement patches is strong, and the shape has developed towards complexity. (4) Natural socio-economic factors such as terrain, slope, traffic roads and town development have influenced the spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in the collapse area, but the influence of slope direction and rivers is not significant;coal mining collapse is the main reason for the spatial structure evolution of rural settlements in the mining area, and the relocation and resettlement policy has rigid constraints on the spatial structure of settlements.
