The neutral beam injection is widely adopted in tokamaks as a key heating tool,playing a crucial role in generating burning plasmas.However,the loss of beam ions can damage the first wall and reduce the heating effici...The neutral beam injection is widely adopted in tokamaks as a key heating tool,playing a crucial role in generating burning plasmas.However,the loss of beam ions can damage the first wall and reduce the heating efficiency,resulting in failure to maintain steady-state conditions.In this work,the effect of neutral particles in the edge on fast ions generated by NBI in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST)device is studied using the particle tracer code(PTC).The poloidal distribution of neutral particles is calculated by edge plasma simulation code SOLPS-ITER.In this simulation,four beam lines in EAST are considered:co-current tangential(co-tang),co-current perpendicular(co-perp),counter-current tangential(ctr-tang)and counter-current perpendicular(ctr-perp).It is shown that,in the absence of neutral particles,the loss fraction of ctr-injection is considerably higher than that of the co-injection.When considering the neutral particles,it is found that the ctr-perp injection demonstrates a significant variation in particles loss fraction(ranging from 18.56%to 25.42%)compared to the other three injection configurations.In terms of the loss fraction induced by neutral particles,ctr-injection exceeds co-injection,and perpendicular configuration exceeds tangential configuration.Furthermore,the difference of charge exchange ratios of three different energy(full energy,half energy,one third energy)of the four injections can be attributed to variations in the poloidal trajectories associated with each of these injections.Moreover,approximately half of fast ions which undergo neutralization directly lose to the first wall while the rest re-enter the bulk plasma and re-ionize.Except for the ctr-tang injection,the reionization ions from the other three injections exhibit effective confinement.展开更多
Multiple broadband Alfvenic chirping modes(CMs),with frequencies in the wide range of f-35-150 kHz and chirping down rapidly,are found in HL-2A neutral beam injection plasmas,and the CMs can even coexist.The frequency...Multiple broadband Alfvenic chirping modes(CMs),with frequencies in the wide range of f-35-150 kHz and chirping down rapidly,are found in HL-2A neutral beam injection plasmas,and the CMs can even coexist.The frequency chirping down process can be completed within-1 ms,and the frequency shift can reach 30-50 kHz.The CMs propagate in ion diamagnetic drift directions poloidally.The toroidal mode number is confirmed to be n=1,2,3 and 4 for the f-35-65,55-90,70-120 and 100-150 kHz CMs,respectively.The CMs are more like to be energetic-particle continuum modes(EPMs),since the modes almost locate on the Alfven continuum.展开更多
窄带成像术（Narrow Band Imaging,NBI）是1999年Olympus公司与日本国立癌中心合作开发的一种新型的无创性的光学图像增强技术,通过特殊的滤光器将内镜的宽带光谱进行过滤、窄化,形成蓝光成分和绿光成分,利用血红蛋白对蓝光吸收较强的...窄带成像术（Narrow Band Imaging,NBI）是1999年Olympus公司与日本国立癌中心合作开发的一种新型的无创性的光学图像增强技术,通过特殊的滤光器将内镜的宽带光谱进行过滤、窄化,形成蓝光成分和绿光成分,利用血红蛋白对蓝光吸收较强的光学特性达到窥镜下的染色效果。日美等发达国家已经广泛应用NBI于消化道、妇科、呼吸道等疾病的内镜检查多年,是一项相对成熟的黏膜检查技术。近年来，随着NBI于头颈部肿瘤诊断领域的应用的不断推广和完善，NBI技术不仅能发现肿瘤，还可以观察肿瘤的累及范围，指导手术术式和范围，预期预后。本文结合国内外NBI在头颈肿瘤中的应用进行综述。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFE03090000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11975068).
文摘The neutral beam injection is widely adopted in tokamaks as a key heating tool,playing a crucial role in generating burning plasmas.However,the loss of beam ions can damage the first wall and reduce the heating efficiency,resulting in failure to maintain steady-state conditions.In this work,the effect of neutral particles in the edge on fast ions generated by NBI in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST)device is studied using the particle tracer code(PTC).The poloidal distribution of neutral particles is calculated by edge plasma simulation code SOLPS-ITER.In this simulation,four beam lines in EAST are considered:co-current tangential(co-tang),co-current perpendicular(co-perp),counter-current tangential(ctr-tang)and counter-current perpendicular(ctr-perp).It is shown that,in the absence of neutral particles,the loss fraction of ctr-injection is considerably higher than that of the co-injection.When considering the neutral particles,it is found that the ctr-perp injection demonstrates a significant variation in particles loss fraction(ranging from 18.56%to 25.42%)compared to the other three injection configurations.In terms of the loss fraction induced by neutral particles,ctr-injection exceeds co-injection,and perpendicular configuration exceeds tangential configuration.Furthermore,the difference of charge exchange ratios of three different energy(full energy,half energy,one third energy)of the four injections can be attributed to variations in the poloidal trajectories associated with each of these injections.Moreover,approximately half of fast ions which undergo neutralization directly lose to the first wall while the rest re-enter the bulk plasma and re-ionize.Except for the ctr-tang injection,the reionization ions from the other three injections exhibit effective confinement.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos.2018YFE0304102,2019YFE03020000 and 2017YFE0301202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11875024,11875021,11835010 and 12005054)the Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Project (Grant Nos.2020YFSY0047 and 2020JDJQ0070)。
文摘Multiple broadband Alfvenic chirping modes(CMs),with frequencies in the wide range of f-35-150 kHz and chirping down rapidly,are found in HL-2A neutral beam injection plasmas,and the CMs can even coexist.The frequency chirping down process can be completed within-1 ms,and the frequency shift can reach 30-50 kHz.The CMs propagate in ion diamagnetic drift directions poloidally.The toroidal mode number is confirmed to be n=1,2,3 and 4 for the f-35-65,55-90,70-120 and 100-150 kHz CMs,respectively.The CMs are more like to be energetic-particle continuum modes(EPMs),since the modes almost locate on the Alfven continuum.
文摘窄带成像术（Narrow Band Imaging,NBI）是1999年Olympus公司与日本国立癌中心合作开发的一种新型的无创性的光学图像增强技术,通过特殊的滤光器将内镜的宽带光谱进行过滤、窄化,形成蓝光成分和绿光成分,利用血红蛋白对蓝光吸收较强的光学特性达到窥镜下的染色效果。日美等发达国家已经广泛应用NBI于消化道、妇科、呼吸道等疾病的内镜检查多年,是一项相对成熟的黏膜检查技术。近年来，随着NBI于头颈部肿瘤诊断领域的应用的不断推广和完善，NBI技术不仅能发现肿瘤，还可以观察肿瘤的累及范围，指导手术术式和范围，预期预后。本文结合国内外NBI在头颈肿瘤中的应用进行综述。
