目的:利用事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)P300探讨为期12周太极拳联合经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)对轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)患者认知功能的影响。方法:将79例MCI...目的:利用事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)P300探讨为期12周太极拳联合经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)对轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)患者认知功能的影响。方法:将79例MCI患者随机分为4组:太极拳+tDCS组20例,接受太极拳训练联合阳极tDCS刺激;太极拳+伪tDCS组20例,接受太极拳训练联合伪tDCS刺激;健步走+tDCS组19例,接受健步走训练联合tDCS刺激;健步走+伪tDCS组20例,接受健步走训练联合伪tDCS刺激。干预周期为每周3次,每次1h,持续12周。干预前后采用蒙特利尔认知功能评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,Mo CA)评估整体认知功能,中文版韦氏成人记忆量表评估记忆功能,同时记录ERP-P300波幅和潜伏期的变化。结果:(1)12周干预后太极拳+tDCS组Mo CA评分显著高于健步走+伪tDCS组(P=0.009);太极拳+tDCS组记忆商评分显著高于太极拳+伪tDCS组(P=0.010)、健步走+tDCS组(P=0.004)及健步走+伪tDCS组(P=0.008)。(2)12周干预后太极拳+tDCS组Pz、Cz电极处波幅显著高于健步走+伪tDCS组(P分别为<0.001、0.001),太极拳+tDCS组Fz波幅显著高于健步走+tDCS组(P=0.011)及健步走+伪tDCS组(P=0.002)。(3)偏相关分析结果显示,Mo CA总分变化与Fz电极处波幅变化存在相关性(r=0.261,P=0.034)。结论:为期12周太极拳联合tDCS的干预可以改善MCI患者认知功能,增加ERP-P300在Pz波幅、Fz波幅、Cz电极处波幅,且整体认知功能的改变可能与Fz电极处波幅的变化有关。展开更多
攻击行为正逐渐上升为一个突出的公共卫生问题,是否能够寻找到攻击性行为的神经标志物,成为了心理学家和神经科学家的共同关注目标。P300被认为可作为独立指标有效预测攻击性行为。本文分别介绍了P300在临床群体、犯罪群体和非临床暴力...攻击行为正逐渐上升为一个突出的公共卫生问题,是否能够寻找到攻击性行为的神经标志物,成为了心理学家和神经科学家的共同关注目标。P300被认为可作为独立指标有效预测攻击性行为。本文分别介绍了P300在临床群体、犯罪群体和非临床暴力风险群体的攻击性行为测量中的应用,评估了研究结果的一致性,并从P300指标的多角度分析及与其他ERP成分的结合、对犯罪群体进行进一步的类型细分、P300的应用场景拓展(如监内暴力预测、暴力行为干预效果评估和正常人攻击风险测量)等三个方面对未来的研究方向进行了展望。Aggressive behavior is gradually emerging as a prominent public health problem. Finding neural markers for aggressive behavior has become a common focus for psychologists and neuroscientists. The P300 is considered to be an independent indicator that can effectively predict aggressive behavior. This article introduces the application of P300 in the measurement of aggressive behavior in clinical, criminal and non-clinical violence risk groups, evaluates the consistency of research results, and looks forward to future research directions from three perspectives: multi-dimensional analysis of P300 predictors and combination with other ERP components, further subdivision of criminal groups, and expansion of the application scenarios of P300 (such as the prediction of violence in prison, the evaluation of the effectiveness of violence intervention and the measurement of the risk of aggression in normal people).展开更多
文摘攻击行为正逐渐上升为一个突出的公共卫生问题,是否能够寻找到攻击性行为的神经标志物,成为了心理学家和神经科学家的共同关注目标。P300被认为可作为独立指标有效预测攻击性行为。本文分别介绍了P300在临床群体、犯罪群体和非临床暴力风险群体的攻击性行为测量中的应用,评估了研究结果的一致性,并从P300指标的多角度分析及与其他ERP成分的结合、对犯罪群体进行进一步的类型细分、P300的应用场景拓展(如监内暴力预测、暴力行为干预效果评估和正常人攻击风险测量)等三个方面对未来的研究方向进行了展望。Aggressive behavior is gradually emerging as a prominent public health problem. Finding neural markers for aggressive behavior has become a common focus for psychologists and neuroscientists. The P300 is considered to be an independent indicator that can effectively predict aggressive behavior. This article introduces the application of P300 in the measurement of aggressive behavior in clinical, criminal and non-clinical violence risk groups, evaluates the consistency of research results, and looks forward to future research directions from three perspectives: multi-dimensional analysis of P300 predictors and combination with other ERP components, further subdivision of criminal groups, and expansion of the application scenarios of P300 (such as the prediction of violence in prison, the evaluation of the effectiveness of violence intervention and the measurement of the risk of aggression in normal people).