Multiple model PHD filter for tracking sharply maneuvering targets using recursive RANSAC based adaptive birth estimation

An algorithm to track multiple sharply maneuvering targets without prior knowledge about new target birth is proposed. These targets are capable of achieving sharp maneuvers within a short period of time, such as drones and agile missiles.The probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter, which propagates only the first-order statistical moment of the full target posterior, has been shown to be a computationally efficient solution to multitarget tracking problems. However, the standard PHD filter operates on the single dynamic model and requires prior information about target birth distribution, which leads to many limitations in terms of practical applications. In this paper,we introduce a nonzero mean, white noise turn rate dynamic model and generalize jump Markov systems to multitarget case to accommodate sharply maneuvering dynamics. Moreover, to adaptively estimate newborn targets’information, a measurement-driven method based on the recursive random sampling consensus (RANSAC) algorithm is proposed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant improvement in tracking multiple sharply maneuvering targets with adaptive birth estimation.

基于Sharply值法的四级闭环供应链收益分配模型分析

以博弈论中的合作契约为基础,构建了由制造商、中间商、零售商和第三方物流四级闭环供应链中收益分配模型,分析了不同条件下各节点企业收益分配函数,结果表明:集中决策下的收益高于分散决策收益;运用Sharply值法证明了其在四级闭环供应链收益分配的可行性和实用性,并借此证明了四级闭环供应链上节点企业制造商、中间商、零售商和第三方物流收益分配的公平性,最后通过算例得到了验证。

SCI Impact factor of Petroleum Exploration and Development rose sharply to 5. 194,ranked first inthe world's potroleum engineering journals

On June 28,2022,Clarivate Analytics released the 2021 SCI Journal Citation Reports(JCR).The SCI impact factor of Petroleum Exploration and Development was 5.194,ranked 1st in all the journals of Petroleum Engineering;and ranked 32nd among the 201 journals in the JCR category of Multidisciplinary Geosciences,up 24 places from the 2020 ranking and entering the Q1 area.The readers have expanded to 127 countries in the world.Paper submissions have been received from authors from 37 countries in Asia,Europe,North America,South America,Africa and Oceania.The international academic influence of the journal has been significantly improved.

U.S.clothing demand falls sharply

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19,the global economy has fallen into recession,and the lifestyles and consumption ability of residents have undergone important changes.As the country with the largest number of confirmed cases and deaths,the economic downturn and consumption shrinkage are even more serious in the United States.In the second quarter of 2020,U.S.GDP fell by 32.9%year-on-year,the largest drop since records began in 1947.Among them,personal consumption expenditure,which accounts for about 70%of the economy,dropped by 34.6%,the worst performance since the data was recorded.The apparel retail in the United States also suffered heavy losses.In April,it recorded the largest decline of 86.5%year-on-year.Many well-known apparel retail brands such as Brooks Brothers,Ann Taylor,LOFT,J.Crew,etc.have filed for bankruptcy protection and thousands of clothing stores are closed.

Positive and negative streamers in air and nitrogen in a sharply inhomogeneous electric field under conditions of runaway electron generation

The development of positive and negative streamers in a point-to-plane gap filled with air and nitrogen at various pressures(50-200 kPa)and voltages(8-25 kV)was studied.A four-channel intensified charge-coupled device(ICCD)and a streak-camera were used.Electrical parameters were measured with high resolution(10 GHz).An original method of measuring a displacement current caused by a streamer was applied.As was expected,positive streamer branches in nitrogen at low voltages and/or elevated pressures while a large-diameter streamer is formed in air.However,at high voltages or negative polarity,the large-diameter streamer is formed both in nitrogen and air in the entire pressure range.It was found that runaway electrons(REs)are generated in the very first picoseconds of gas ionisation near the pointed cathode.It was assumed that REs can be generated near the pointed anode and produce bremsstrahlung radiation due to a sharply inhomogeneous distribution of electrical potential.It was found that in the final stage of negative streamer development in air and nitrogen,the gas between the streamer front and the opposite electrode is ionised almost simultaneously in the entire volume when the streamer diameter is almost equal to the interelectrode gap.

Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits

Over time,physical activity(PA)has shifted from being a necessity to being an alternative.As a result,levels of PA have sharply decreased.1 Today,we are facing a worldwide pandemic of physical inactivity,with one death every 6 s attributed to insufficient PA.2 To counteract this trend,a tremendous effort is being made to promote regular PA across the lifespan,mainly through the dissemination of knowledge about the health benefits of accumulating sufficient PA.

Global Industrial and Supply Chain Restructuring:Background,Characteristics and Development Trends

The restructuring of global industrial and supply chains is a hot issue in today’s world,and as a result of the once-in-a-century changes and intensified geopolitical and economic competition,the demand for global industrial and supply chain security has risen sharply,with government departments and transnational corporations(TNCs)becoming the most critical stakeholders.Governments carefully calibrate industrial and trade policies from the perspective of national strategies to create industrial chains that support national competitive advantages,and multinational corporations respond to geopolitical risks by prioritizing industrial and supply chain security and sustainability over capital and efficiency.Against the backdrop of changes unseen in a century,decelerating globalization and global economic downturn,the characteristics and future trends of global industrial and supply chain restructuring are worth paying attention to.

Ensure the Stability and Smoothness of Global Supply Chain

In 2024,the world economy still faces many uncertainties,and it is likely that the geopolitical economy and global security tensions are likely to continue to intensify;although the global inflation rate is declining,it is still at a high level;the global debt crisis has risen sharply;in particular,the risk of decoupling and chain breakage of the industrial chain and supply chain still exists.

States on sharply dominating effect algebras

We prove that sharply dominating Archimedean atomic lattice effect algebras can be characterized by the property called basic decomposition of elements.As an application we prove the state smearing theorem for these effect algebras.

A POLYNOMIAL-TIME ALGORITHM OF FINDING AUTOMORPHISM GROUPS OF SHARPLY CONNECTED AUTOMATA

<正> In this paper we give the name of automaton to a system ■=(S, ∑) consisting of a set S whose elements are called states, a set ∑ whose elements are called letters, such that for any s∈S and σ∈∑ there is a state s~σcorresponding to them. Finite sequences of letters in ∑ are called words. (?) is said to

One Country,Two Viewpoints The Japanese emperor's remorse over non-Japanese victims of World WarⅡdiffers sharply from the prime minister's persistent Yasukuni Shrine visits

Against the backdrop of all-time low relations with Asian neighbors, Japan's Emperor Akihito used the occasions of his annual birthday press conference and New Year greeting to talk to his nation about wartime history. The fact that he rarely addresses

PV Registrations Rebound Sharply in October

After a three‐month decline in the China's Mainland market, Passenger vehicle registrations rebounded sharply in October 2008, reaching 532,047 units, a year‐on‐year growth of 21.4%. All body types saw a more than 20% increase compared with the same period last year

Numerical Studies of Magnetic Reconnection and Heating Mechanisms for the Ellerman Bomb

An Ellerman Bomb(EB)is a kind of small scale reconnection event,which is ubiquitously formed in the upper photosphere or the lower chromosphere.The low temperature(<10,000 K)and high density(~1019–1022)plasma there makes the magnetic reconnection process strongly influenced by partially ionized effects and radiative cooling.This work studies the highβmagnetic reconnection near the solar temperature minimum region based on high-resolution 2.5D magnetohydrodynamics simulations.The time-dependent ionization degree of hydrogen and helium are included to realize more realistic diffusivities,viscosity and radiative cooling in simulations.Numerical results show that the reconnection rate is smaller than 0.01 and decreases with time during the early quasi-steady stage,then sharply increases to a value above 0.05 in the later stage as the plasmoid instability takes place.Both the large value ofηen(magnetic diffusion caused by the electron-neutral collision)and the plasmoid instability contribute to the fast magnetic reconnection in the EB-like event.The interactions and coalescence of plasmoids strongly enhance the local compression heating effect,which becomes the dominant mechanism for heating in EBs after plasmoid instability appears.However,the Joule heating contributed byηen can play a major role to heat plasmas when the magnetic reconnection in EBs is during the quasi-steady stage with smaller temperature increases.The results also show that the radiative cooling effect suppresses the temperature increase to a reasonable range,and increases the reconnection rate and generation of thermal energy.

Exploring the Boundaries of China-US Strategic Competition

China-US relations deteriorated sharply in 2022,with a serious crisis erupting over the sensitive Taiwan question.Compared to the policy in his first year in office,US President Joe Biden’s China policy in his second year is marked by more focused objectives and concrete,ruthless actions.China has responded firmly to America’s containment attempt and fought back against US provocations.

New Development Goes Full Steam Ahead

A new development pattern grounded in the domestic market,as advocated by President Xi Jinping,is in the making,fueled by China’s dynamic economic comeback and buttressed with supporting national and local policies.GROWING market confidence,buoyed up by the robust rebound of China’s economy,has triggered improved predictions from international institutions for the country’s economic growth.The International Monetary Fund,for instance,sharply lifted its 2023 forecast for China’s economic growth from the previous 4.4 percent to 5.2 percent.

Advancing Development Through Digital Silk Road Cooperation

The rapid development and wide application of information technology kindled the emergence of the digital economy as a new economic form after the agricultural and industrial economies.The world today is undergoing a digital economy revolution sharply and broadly,and digital transformation has become inevitable for human society.

World Economy Review and Prospects 2022-2023

After a sharp rebound from a deep recession in 2021,the world economy experienced a marked shortage in growth impetus in 2022.The growth rates fell sharply,accompanied by huge inflationary pressures,high debt levels and increasingly volatile financial markets.Currently,protectionism is still prevalent,international sanctions are escalating,international trade and investment growth faces greater constraints,and world economic recovery is more fragile.

The huge innovation strength makes Swiss companies have great competitiveness--Interview with Ms.Cornelia Buchwalder,Secretary General of Swissmem,Swiss Textile Machinery

Despite the pandemic, 2020 and 2021 were good years for the Swiss textile machinery industry. In 2022 Swiss textile machinery exports were 2.8% higher than in 2021. The main export markets were China, India, Germany, Türkiye and the USA. However, this should not hide the fact that the markets are slowing down and that this growth was mainly due to the good first half of 2022.