Design increasingly plays a pivotal role in achieving justice for all.However,there are often gaps between visions and implementation due to the variety of factors and stakeholders involved in design practice.Through ...Design increasingly plays a pivotal role in achieving justice for all.However,there are often gaps between visions and implementation due to the variety of factors and stakeholders involved in design practice.Through literature review and a keyword co-occurrence analysis,this paper investigates current landscape justice research and identifies the distinguishing concerns in design,and highlights the importance of systematic thinking in achieving landscape justice.By examining the practices of the British company Building Design Partnership(BDP),a multinational design company,this paper identifies BDP’s three key design principles as experiences can be followed for landscape justice:design for inclusion,design for resilience,and design for future ecosystems.The paper also addresses potential challenges and conflicts in implementing landscape justice across different contexts and highlights multinational design companies’efforts to mediate between various stakeholders.Finally,this paper demonstrates that design companies can contribute to 1)bridging social and environmental justice through landscape design,2)achieving the visions promoted by scholars,3)identifying and deploying diverse approaches to achieving landscape justice with their sensitivity to practical problems,and 4)fostering integrated feedback loops via both top-down and bottom-up approaches to ensure effective implementation of landscape justice.展开更多
作为城市森林的基本单元,树木可通过遮荫和蒸腾,以及改变空气流动等途径来调节城市局地气候中的极端高温。然而,目前用来衡量不同树种遮荫效果的指标还很有限,因此需要开发一种新的方法来填补。本文提出了一种通过对影响太阳辐射反射率...作为城市森林的基本单元,树木可通过遮荫和蒸腾,以及改变空气流动等途径来调节城市局地气候中的极端高温。然而,目前用来衡量不同树种遮荫效果的指标还很有限,因此需要开发一种新的方法来填补。本文提出了一种通过对影响太阳辐射反射率、吸收率和透射率等树木物理特性进行结构化描述来筛选树种的方法。这一描述性框架基于“树木结构”概念——树木结构已发展成为植物研究领域中一个专门研究植物的外观、形态和发育过程的方向。该框架包含了树冠、枝干和树叶三大总体特征中的多个子形态特征,可用于探究“可提供荫凉的树木形态类型学”(Cool Tree Architecture Typology,C-TAT),并将具有共同物理特征的树种进行分类。通过树木的野外对照实验观察,进一步细化了子形态特征,形成了新的描述指标,成为了C-TAT分类的关键。C-TAT适用于大西洋气候带等地区的城市中的树种形态类型划分,可对现有树木进行更快速的评估和降温绩效计算,并有助于树木管理者对城市开发项目中的树木制定更准确的热性能标准。本文也从城市局地气候的角度丰富了树木结构的研究内涵与方法。展开更多
文摘Design increasingly plays a pivotal role in achieving justice for all.However,there are often gaps between visions and implementation due to the variety of factors and stakeholders involved in design practice.Through literature review and a keyword co-occurrence analysis,this paper investigates current landscape justice research and identifies the distinguishing concerns in design,and highlights the importance of systematic thinking in achieving landscape justice.By examining the practices of the British company Building Design Partnership(BDP),a multinational design company,this paper identifies BDP’s three key design principles as experiences can be followed for landscape justice:design for inclusion,design for resilience,and design for future ecosystems.The paper also addresses potential challenges and conflicts in implementing landscape justice across different contexts and highlights multinational design companies’efforts to mediate between various stakeholders.Finally,this paper demonstrates that design companies can contribute to 1)bridging social and environmental justice through landscape design,2)achieving the visions promoted by scholars,3)identifying and deploying diverse approaches to achieving landscape justice with their sensitivity to practical problems,and 4)fostering integrated feedback loops via both top-down and bottom-up approaches to ensure effective implementation of landscape justice.
文摘作为城市森林的基本单元,树木可通过遮荫和蒸腾,以及改变空气流动等途径来调节城市局地气候中的极端高温。然而,目前用来衡量不同树种遮荫效果的指标还很有限,因此需要开发一种新的方法来填补。本文提出了一种通过对影响太阳辐射反射率、吸收率和透射率等树木物理特性进行结构化描述来筛选树种的方法。这一描述性框架基于“树木结构”概念——树木结构已发展成为植物研究领域中一个专门研究植物的外观、形态和发育过程的方向。该框架包含了树冠、枝干和树叶三大总体特征中的多个子形态特征,可用于探究“可提供荫凉的树木形态类型学”(Cool Tree Architecture Typology,C-TAT),并将具有共同物理特征的树种进行分类。通过树木的野外对照实验观察,进一步细化了子形态特征,形成了新的描述指标,成为了C-TAT分类的关键。C-TAT适用于大西洋气候带等地区的城市中的树种形态类型划分,可对现有树木进行更快速的评估和降温绩效计算,并有助于树木管理者对城市开发项目中的树木制定更准确的热性能标准。本文也从城市局地气候的角度丰富了树木结构的研究内涵与方法。
