期刊文献+
共找到537篇文章
< 1 2 27 >
每页显示 20 50 100
Comparison of nitrous oxide(N2O)emissions calculations at a Swedish wastewater treatment plant based on water concentrations versus off-gas concentrations 被引量:1
1
作者 Christian BARESEL Sofia ANDERSSON +1 位作者 Jingjing YANG Mikkel Holmen ANDERSEN 《Advances in Climate Change Research》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第3期185-191,共7页
Total nitrous oxide(N_2O) emissions from a conventional active sludge process were calculated using a mathematical emission model and dissolved N_2O in the water phase by a N_2O water sensor. Calculated emissions show... Total nitrous oxide(N_2O) emissions from a conventional active sludge process were calculated using a mathematical emission model and dissolved N_2O in the water phase by a N_2O water sensor. Calculated emissions showed good agreement with measured emissions based on concentrations and air?ow in the off-gas ventilation system from the covered process. Various tests for a wide range of potentially affecting parameters indicated robust and reliable emission estimations by the model. Thus, common uncertainties in input data would still provide good emission estimations. Measurements of dissolved N_2O required low maintenance and N_2O emission monitoring based on such measurements might therefore be considered as a signi?cant practical improvement. This would be advantageous especially in non-enclosed wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) otherwise requiring complex off-gas measurements. As the sensor is connected directly to the WWTPs monitoring and control system, emissions calculations could be incorporated. 展开更多
关键词 GHG EMISSIONS Wastewater treatment Nitrous oxide
下载PDF
The Correlation between Synthetic Oxytocin Given during Labor and Women’s Personality Traits According to the SSP (Swedish University Scales of Personality) Survey: A Pilot Study
2
作者 Eva Wiberg-Itzel Kerstin Uvnäs-Moberg 《Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology》 2021年第6期701-712,共12页
<strong>Background:</strong> <span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In modern obstetric care, oxytocin is... <strong>Background:</strong> <span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">In modern obstetric care, oxytocin is one of the most frequently used drugs, and the possible mental impact this drug has on women is very little studied. The objective of this study is to investigate whether women augmented with oxytocin during labor will rate their personality profile differently after childbirth than non-stimulated women. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: Prospective cohort study was performed at Women’s Clinic, Soder hospital, Stockholm.76 women received the SSP (Swedish University Scales of Personality) questionnaire to fill in during their stay in the post-maternity ward after labor. Information about the use of oxytocin was retrieved from the women’s medical records. Primary outcome: Differences in the SSP scores in the group aug</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mented with synthetic oxytocin during labor compared with the non-augmented </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">group. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Women with and without oxytocin estimates on the SSP subscale form differed regarding personality traits described as “lack of assertiveness” (p = 0.04), which means “lack of ability to speak up and to be self-assertive in social situations”. The result also showed that women that had a long time of augmentation with oxytocin (>5 h) scored higher for “social desirability” (p = 0.004), which was defined as being “socially adapted,” “friendly,” and “helpful”. A difference in “psychological anxiety” (p = 0.04) and “social desirability” (p = 0.004) was found among women who had oxytocin in a dose of at least 200 ImU/h for ≥1 hour. This group also had a lower rate of “mental anxiety” than those who received lower oxytocin doses. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Synthetic oxytocin given during labor may affect the woman mentally. The total time and volume of given oxytocin seem to be essential factors when discussing augmentation’s maternal psychological response. We conclude that prolonged and extended use of synthetic oxytocin during labor should be avoided if possible.</span></span></span></span> 展开更多
关键词 ANXIETY Augmentation OXYTOCIN Personality Traits
下载PDF
Linnebjer—A South Swedish Oak Forest and Meadow Area—Revisited after Half a Century
3
作者 Folke O. Andersson Bengt Nihlgård 《Open Journal of Ecology》 2016年第2期74-83,共10页
An oak forest and three wet meadows/fens were reinvestigated after 50 years concerning tree vitality, biomass and productivity, and soil chemistry. Sulphur and nitrogen deposition has changed dramatically during these... An oak forest and three wet meadows/fens were reinvestigated after 50 years concerning tree vitality, biomass and productivity, and soil chemistry. Sulphur and nitrogen deposition has changed dramatically during these years, and the aim was to analyse the differences in both the oak forest and the open field ecosystems. Trees were re-measured and soil profiles were resampled. Important visible changes in the oak forest were stated concerning the vitality of oaks. Aboveground there was a decrease in tree biomass, production and litter fall, but a huge increase in standing dead logs. During the years, the deposition of sulphur had decreased drastically, but nitrogen deposition was still high. Soil acidification in the forest had decreased, reflected in an increased base saturation in the forest, in spite of slightly lowered pH-values. Strongly increased amounts of exchangeable Ca and Mg now appeared in the forest soil, and a substantial transport of calcium and magnesium had obviously taken place from the forest soil to the meadow and fens during the years. However, the most important soil change was the accumulation of organic matter. The increased accumulation of organic matter in turn meant increased amounts of colloid particles and microsites for ion exchange in the soil. This favoured 2-valence base cations, and especially Ca and Mg that increased very much in all the studied ecosystems. Carbon as well as nitrogen had strongly increased in the forest, meadow and fen soils. This was interpreted as a natural result of increased vegetation growth due to high nitrogen deposition, increased global annual temperature and increased carbon dioxide concentration in air. It was concluded that the decreased deposition of sulphur had had a positive effect on soil chemistry, and that the deposition of nitrogen probably had stimulated vegetation growth in general, and contributed to increased amount of organic matter in the soils. However, in this studied oak forest, the decreased vitality and many killed trees were also suspected to be a result of high nitrogen deposition. Obviously increased tree growth was counteracted by decreased stress resistance, and increased appearance of pathogens in the oak trees. 展开更多
关键词 Oak Disease Tree Vitality Deposition of S and N Soil Acidification Soil C and N Accumulation Increased Amounts of Ca and Mg
下载PDF
An Autonomous Electric Powered Tractor--Simulation of All Operations on a Swedish Dairy Farmagricultural m machinery. This s study investig gated the feasib bility of an au utonomous batte ery electric tra actor through simulation. The e
4
作者 Jonas Engstrom Oscar Lagnelov 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2018年第3期182-187,共6页
For a conventional agricultural tractor the main environmental effects origina ates from the usage phase, more specifically from the diesel use and exhausts. To decre ease the environ nmental effect, it is vital to ... For a conventional agricultural tractor the main environmental effects origina ates from the usage phase, more specifically from the diesel use and exhausts. To decre ease the environ nmental effect, it is vital to find a substitute for fossil diesel as a fuel for agricultural machinery. This s study investig gated the feasib bility of an autonomous battery electric tractor through simulation. The simulated farm is an organic dairy farm of 200 ha with five crops in the crop rotation cycle and a traditional plough among the used implements. Based on the res sult from the simulation cost calculations, sensitivity analysi is and a limited life cycle analysis (LCA) was made. The results show that it is in theory possible to replace a conventional tractor (160 kW) with two autonomous battery powered machines (36 kW engine, 113 kWh battery) with 15% lower costs. Energy consumption would be red duced by 58% a and greenhouse gas emissions by 92% compared to diesel when energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from battery manufacturing were included. Today the technology for autonom mous control is under fast development, but there are yet no systems on the market that can handle all machinery tasks like assumed in this study. Challenges yet to solve are , among others, legislative, relevant sensors, logistics and fleet management. Further rese earch is needed to verify the results in practical farming. 展开更多
关键词 AUTONOMOUS agriculture ELECTRIC battery TRACTOR farming fossil free sustainable
下载PDF
Sharing Knowledge: How to Highlight Proven Experience in the Swedish Armed Forces
5
作者 Ulrica Pettersson 《通讯和计算机(中英文版)》 2011年第5期410-414,共5页
关键词 知识重用 武装部队 瑞典 突出 从业人员 专业能力 组织 方法论
下载PDF
Factors Affecting Swedish Forest Property Prices
6
作者 Sofia Carlsson Lars Lonnstedt Torbjorn Sundelin 《Open Journal of Forestry》 2014年第4期363-378,共16页
Historically the price of a forest estate has, at least in Sweden, been closely related to the financial return from the estate, but this connection no longer seems to be that strong, other factors that previously had... Historically the price of a forest estate has, at least in Sweden, been closely related to the financial return from the estate, but this connection no longer seems to be that strong, other factors that previously had limited influence on prices now add to the price. Factors like site productivity and age distribution affect the financial return of a forest estate but is it obvious that these factors still influence prices as they once did? Over the last 20 years, the price of forest estates has increased dramatically. If development of prices has led to a weakened connection between return and price, could this be explained by the fact that previously price affecting factors have less weight when valuing forest estates? The purpose of the study was therefore to investigate how a number of factors influence the forest estate price;including site productivity and age distribution. The results shows that neither site productivity, nor age distribution have a significant impact on the forest estate price. What mainly influence the prices seems to be the standing forest volume on the estate and region. The development of the prices seems not only to have influenced the relationship between the return from the forest and the prices, but also minimized the influence of factors like age distribution and site productivity. This means that estates that are bought within the same region, at the same price per cubic meter, can have considerably different potential to gain financial return. 展开更多
关键词 BIDDING Faustman Forest Estate Market Value Net Present Value Standing Volume Value Winner’s Curse
下载PDF
A trait-based approach to assess climate change sensitivity of freshwater invertebrates across Swedish ecoregions 被引量:3
7
作者 Leonard SANDIN Astrid SCHMIDT-KLOIBER +2 位作者 Jens-Christian SVENNING Erik JEPPESEN Nikolai FRIBERG 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第2期221-232,共12页
Freshwater habitats and organisms are among the most threatened on Earth, and freshwater ecosystems have been subject to large biodiversity losses. We developed a Climate Change Sensitivity (CCS) indicator based on ... Freshwater habitats and organisms are among the most threatened on Earth, and freshwater ecosystems have been subject to large biodiversity losses. We developed a Climate Change Sensitivity (CCS) indicator based on trait information for a selection of stream- and lake-dwelling Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera taxa. We calculated the CCS scores based on ten species traits identified as sensitive to global climate change. We then assessed climate change sensitivity between the six main ecoregions of Sweden as well as the three Swedish regions based on lilies. This was done using biological data from 1,382 stream and lake sites where we compared large-scale (ecoregional) patterns in climate change sensitivity with potential future exposure of these ecosystems to increased temperatures using ensemble-modelled future changes in air temperature. Current (1961-1990) measured temperature and ensemble-modelled future (2100) temperature showed an increase from the northernmost towards the southern ecoregions, whereas the predicted temperature change increased from south to north. The CCS indicator scores were highest in the two northernmost boreal ecoregions where we also can expect the largest global climate change-induced increase in temperature, indicating an unfortunate congruence of exposure and sensitivity to climate change. These results are of vital importance when planning and implementing management and conservation strategies in freshwater ecosystems, e.g., to mitigate increased temperatures using riparian buffer strips. We conclude that traits information on taxa specialization, e.g., in terms of feeding specialism or taxa having a preference for high altitudes as well as sensitivity to changes in temperature are important when assessing the risk from future global climate change to freshwater ecosystems [Current Zoology 60 (2): 221-232, 2014]. 展开更多
关键词 Climate change Indicators Traits FRESHWATER MACROINVERTEBRATES ECOREGIONS
原文传递
自然康复中室外环境、设施和项目标准的质量保证框架
8
作者 萨拉·凯罗·维斯勒 安娜·玛丽亚·帕尔斯多蒂尔 +2 位作者 李同予(译) 周硕(译) 娜何雅(译) 《风景园林》 北大核心 2024年第5期91-102,共12页
【目的】在瑞典斯科讷省,自然康复(nature-based rehabilitation, NBR)项目的创新性体现在医疗保健方面,该项目倡导自然环境的疗愈潜力。作为基础医疗保健服务的组成部分,NBR项目旨在满足人们面对与压力相关的复杂心理健康挑战时的个人... 【目的】在瑞典斯科讷省,自然康复(nature-based rehabilitation, NBR)项目的创新性体现在医疗保健方面,该项目倡导自然环境的疗愈潜力。作为基础医疗保健服务的组成部分,NBR项目旨在满足人们面对与压力相关的复杂心理健康挑战时的个人需求。【方法/过程】在将NBR概念应用于医疗保健之前,基于在阿尔纳普康复花园(Alnarp Rehabilitation Garden)生活实验室进行的全面的实证和描述性研究以及一项为期2年的试点研究,对NBR项目进行了测试,并根据在NBR项目中获取到的个人从与压力相关的精神疾病中恢复的最新证据对其定期更新。该项目由斯科讷省区域办事处(Region Sk?ne)促成,旨在促进与10家精选的NBR服务供应商的合作,战略性地提供全面和整体的恢复方法。【结果/结论】与传统医疗不同,NBR项目侧重于康复,希望通过自然(即支持性户外环境)支持的活动,增益身体、心理和社会福祉。NBR体系强调参与者的休息、有意义的参与和支持性户外环境。与自然相结合的日常活动为个人喜好提供了灵活的选择。NBR体系化的恢复方法包括晨会、参与者自己的时间、基于自然的活动、闭幕集会。维持NBR的质量需要详细的记录,定期现场访问以鼓励公开对话,并确保NBR项目的合规性。这一质量要求可以确保参与者在他们的自然疗愈(nature-based intervention, NBI)之旅中获得高质量的服务。 展开更多
关键词 循证健康设计 医疗保健 自然与动物辅助干预 自然关联性
下载PDF
中国虎甲科名录(鞘翅目:肉食亚目)
9
作者 王可意 李成德 +1 位作者 Jurgen Wiesner Fabian A.Botzl 《东北林业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第9期132-144,共13页
通过整理文献资料和标本材料,总结更新了中国虎甲科名录。中国现已知虎甲科昆虫共计27属208种,记述了各个种在中国的分布情况。对现有文献中的可疑和错误记录进行了说明和修订。
关键词 虎甲科 分类学 昆虫名录 中国
下载PDF
Mshpy23:a user-friendly,parameterized model of magnetosheath conditions 被引量:1
10
作者 Jaewoong Jung Hyunju Connor +3 位作者 Andrew Dimmock Steve Sembay Andrew Read Jan Soucek 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期89-104,共16页
Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind−Magnetosphere−Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)will observe magnetosheath and its boundary motion in soft X-rays for understanding magnetopause reconnectio... Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind−Magnetosphere−Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)will observe magnetosheath and its boundary motion in soft X-rays for understanding magnetopause reconnection modes under various solar wind conditions after their respective launches in 2024 and 2025.Magnetosheath conditions,namely,plasma density,velocity,and temperature,are key parameters for predicting and analyzing soft X-ray images from the LEXI and SMILE missions.We developed a userfriendly model of magnetosheath that parameterizes number density,velocity,temperature,and magnetic field by utilizing the global Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)model as well as the pre-existing gas-dynamic and analytic models.Using this parameterized magnetosheath model,scientists can easily reconstruct expected soft X-ray images and utilize them for analysis of observed images of LEXI and SMILE without simulating the complicated global magnetosphere models.First,we created an MHD-based magnetosheath model by running a total of 14 OpenGGCM global MHD simulations under 7 solar wind densities(1,5,10,15,20,25,and 30 cm)and 2 interplanetary magnetic field Bz components(±4 nT),and then parameterizing the results in new magnetosheath conditions.We compared the magnetosheath model result with THEMIS statistical data and it showed good agreement with a weighted Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.77,especially for plasma density and plasma velocity.Second,we compiled a suite of magnetosheath models incorporating previous magnetosheath models(gas-dynamic,analytic),and did two case studies to test the performance.The MHD-based model was comparable to or better than the previous models while providing self-consistency among the magnetosheath parameters.Third,we constructed a tool to calculate a soft X-ray image from any given vantage point,which can support the planning and data analysis of the aforementioned LEXI and SMILE missions.A release of the code has been uploaded to a Github repository. 展开更多
关键词 MAGNETOSHEATH PYTHON MODELING
下载PDF
在医疗保健和职业培训中研究和开发的临床自然康复创新方法——阿尔纳普康复花园生活实验室
11
作者 安娜·玛丽亚·帕尔斯多蒂尔 萨拉·凯罗·维斯勒 +2 位作者 佩特拉·索珀特 周硕(翻译) 张秋红(翻译) 《风景园林》 北大核心 2024年第5期116-123,共8页
这篇简短的文章介绍了北欧地区在瑞典农业科学大学(SLU)阿尔纳普康复花园(Alnarp Rehabilitation Garden)建立的第一个临床自然康复(clinical nature-based rehabilitation,CNBR)生活实验室。1自然康复研究的开创性工作1.1阿尔纳普康复... 这篇简短的文章介绍了北欧地区在瑞典农业科学大学(SLU)阿尔纳普康复花园(Alnarp Rehabilitation Garden)建立的第一个临床自然康复(clinical nature-based rehabilitation,CNBR)生活实验室。1自然康复研究的开创性工作1.1阿尔纳普康复花园生活实验室2002年,阿尔纳普康复花园作为一个生活实验室对外开放,致力于在实际生活中研究CNBR[1]。传统上,临床康复是在室内环境中进行的,将其迁移到室外并利用自然环境来改善人类健康的方法是一项开创性举措。 展开更多
关键词 康复研究 临床康复 医疗保健 康复花园 开创性工作 纳普 北欧地区 阿尔
下载PDF
瑞典教育数字化转型的政策演进、实践探索与现实镜鉴
12
作者 刘思雨 陈林 田煜昕 《比较教育学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第4期3-18,共16页
瑞典高度重视教育数字化转型的发展与推进,致力于开创世界教育数字化转型的新模式与新路径。基于瑞典政府实现数字化目标的宏观规划与部署,研究发现瑞典教育数字化主要经历了起步探索、快速发展以及深化转型三个关键阶段。其中,在深化... 瑞典高度重视教育数字化转型的发展与推进,致力于开创世界教育数字化转型的新模式与新路径。基于瑞典政府实现数字化目标的宏观规划与部署,研究发现瑞典教育数字化主要经历了起步探索、快速发展以及深化转型三个关键阶段。其中,在深化转型阶段,瑞典着眼于优化资源配置、提升师资数字素养、更新课程体系与强化数字评估三方面进行实践探索,以应对数字化转型及新冠疫情时期出现的各类挑战。与此同时,瑞典在推进教育数字化转型的实践过程中呈现出了发挥政府的统筹规划作用、秉持以人为本的转型理念及构建多元协同转型生态的价值取向。总体而言,瑞典在教育数字化深化转型时期制定的政策规划、进行的实践探索及其呈现出的价值取向,对我国实现教育数字化转型具有重要的借鉴价值。 展开更多
关键词 瑞典 教育数字化转型 政策 实践探索 价值取向
下载PDF
Relating estimates of wood properties of birch to stem form, age and species
13
作者 Grace Jones Maria Ulan +2 位作者 Mateusz Liziniewicz Johan Lindeberg Stergios Adamopoulos 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期1-11,共11页
Birch has long suffered from a lack of active forest management,leading many researchers to use mate-rial without a detailed management history.Data collected from three birch(Betula pendula Roth,B.pubescens Ehrh.)sit... Birch has long suffered from a lack of active forest management,leading many researchers to use mate-rial without a detailed management history.Data collected from three birch(Betula pendula Roth,B.pubescens Ehrh.)sites in southern Sweden were analyzed using regression analysis to detect any trends or differences in wood proper-ties that could be explained by stand history,tree age and stem form.All sites were genetics trials established in the same way.Estimates of acoustic velocity(AV)from non-destructive testing(NDT)and predicted AV had a higher correlation if data was pooled across sites and other stem form factors were considered.A subsample of stems had radial profiles of X-ray wood density and ring width by year created,and wood density was related to ring number from the pith and ring width.It seemed likely that wood density was negatively related to ring width for both birch species.Linear models had slight improvements if site and species were included,but only the youngest site with trees at age 15 had both birch species.This paper indicated that NDT values need to be considered separately,and any predictive models will likely be improved if they are specific to the site and birch species measured. 展开更多
关键词 Acoustic velocity Non-destructive testing Predictive models Regression analysis Wood density
下载PDF
Evaluating the biosignature potential of ammonium in Proterozoic red beds and implications for the search for life on Mars
14
作者 Eva E.Stüeken Philip Fralick +1 位作者 Stephen Hillier Anthony R.Prave 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期836-853,共18页
Over the past two decades,it has become increasingly apparent that early Mars may once have been warmer,wetter and more habitable for microbial life than it is today,which has spurred discussions about potential biosi... Over the past two decades,it has become increasingly apparent that early Mars may once have been warmer,wetter and more habitable for microbial life than it is today,which has spurred discussions about potential biosignatures that may be preserved in Martian sediments.An impediment to this line of research is the pervasive oxidation of Mars’surface due to photochemical oxidants that have likely destroyed remnants of organic matter.Here,we investigate whether nitrogen(N)transferred from biomass to phyllosilicate minerals during diagenesis can be preserved in oxidized mudrocks.We investigate two sequences of terrestrial Proterozoic red beds,namely the Sibley Group(1.4 Ga)in Canada and the Stoer Group(1.2 Ga)in Scotland,and we find enrichments in authigenic N in the range of several tens of ppm in both units.The highest concentrations(ca.100 ppm on average)are found in the most desiccated red beds of the Stoer Group,concurrent with enrichments in potassium(K).We discuss similarities and differences between the two sets of rocks with regards to salinity,pH,biological productivity and K-metasomatism,and we conclude that the ideal mechanism for the preservation of biogenic N in red beds may be in-situ release of ammonium from microbial mats into the clay substrate,possibly facilitated by early diagenetic,biologically induced illitization.Illite and smectite have been observed on Mars,and experiments suggest that Martian waters contained moderate amounts of dissolved K.Hence,it is conceivable that a similar K and N enrichment process could have occurred as to what we document for the Proterozoic,preserving evidence of life that may have survived to the modern day. 展开更多
关键词 red beds BIOSIGNATURE MARS NITROGEN AMMONIUM clay minerals
下载PDF
Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project 被引量:1
15
作者 Astrid E.J.OGILVIE Leslie A.KING +9 位作者 Noel KEENLYSIDE François COUNILLON Brynhildur DAVIÐSDÓTTIR Níels EINARSSON Sergey GULEV Ke FAN Torben KOENIGK James R.MCGOODWIN Marianne H.RASMUSSON Shuting YANG 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第8期1559-1568,共10页
This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sus... This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainable Societies-ARCPATH(https://www.svs.is/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the Nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, Norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities. 展开更多
关键词 Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project
下载PDF
Influence of upstream solar wind on magnetic field distribution in the Martian nightside ionosphere
16
作者 JiaWei Gao ZhaoJin Rong +3 位作者 Qi Zhang Anna Mittelholz Chi Zhang Yong Wei 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期728-741,共14页
Using over eight years of Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolutio N(MAVEN)data,from November 2014 to May 2023,we have investigated the Martian nightside ionospheric magnetic field distribution under the influence of ups... Using over eight years of Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolutio N(MAVEN)data,from November 2014 to May 2023,we have investigated the Martian nightside ionospheric magnetic field distribution under the influence of upstream solar wind drivers,including the interplanetary magnetic field intensity(∣BIMF∣),solar wind dynamic pressure(PS W),solar extreme ultraviolet flux(EUV),and Martian seasons(L s).Our analysis reveals pronounced correlations between magnetic field residuals and both∣BIMF∣and PS W.Correlations observed with EUV flux and Ls were weaker—notably,magnetic field residuals increased during periods of high EUV flux and at Mars perihelion.We find that the IMF penetrates to an altitude of 200 km under a wide range of upstream conditions,penetrating notably deeper under high∣BIMF∣andPSWconditions.Our analysis also indicates that EUV flux and IMF cone angle have minimal impact on IMF penetration depth.Those findings provide useful constraints on the dynamic nature of Martian atmospheric escape processes and their evolution,suggesting that historical solar wind conditions may have facilitated deeper IMF penetration and higher rates of ionospheric escape than are observed now.Moreover,by establishing criteria for magnetic‘quiet’conditions,this study offers new insights into the planet’s magnetic environment under varying solar wind influences,knowledge that should help refine models of the Martian crustal magnetic field. 展开更多
关键词 Martian magnetic field external magnetic field upstream solar wind drivers IMF penetration altitude magnetic field activity indices
下载PDF
Why ecosystem characteristics predicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at the same time-and how this affects applications
17
作者 Goran Ståhl Terje Gobakken +14 位作者 Svetlana Saarela Henrik J.Persson Magnus Ekstrom Sean P.Healey Zhiqiang Yang Johan Holmgren Eva Lindberg Kenneth Nystrom Emanuele Papucci Patrik Ulvdal Hans OleØrka Erik Næsset Zhengyang Hou Håkan Olsson Ronald E.McRoberts 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第1期24-31,共8页
Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosystem characteristics,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as the best possible source of information for decisi... Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosystem characteristics,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as the best possible source of information for decisionmaking.However,wall-to-wall information typically relies on model-based prediction,and several features of model-based prediction should be understood before extensively relying on this type of information.One such feature is that model-based predictors can be considered both unbiased and biased at the same time,which has important implications in several areas of application.In this discussion paper,we first describe the conventional model-unbiasedness paradigm that underpins most prediction techniques using remotely sensed(or other)auxiliary data.From this point of view,model-based predictors are typically unbiased.Secondly,we show that for specific domains,identified based on their true values,the same model-based predictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely so.We suggest distinguishing between conventional model-bias,defined in the statistical literature as the difference between the expected value of a predictor and the expected value of the quantity being predicted,and design-bias of model-based estimators,defined as the difference between the expected value of a model-based estimator and the true value of the quantity being predicted.We show that model-based estimators(or predictors)are typically design-biased,and that there is a trend in the design-bias from overestimating small true values to underestimating large true values.Further,we give examples of applications where this is important to acknowledge and to potentially make adjustments to correct for the design-bias trend.We argue that relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mistakes in several areas of application that use predictions from remotely sensed data. 展开更多
关键词 BIAS Model-based inference Design-based inference
下载PDF
Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and T.bonasia
18
作者 Kai Song Tom van der Valk +7 位作者 Bin Gao Peter Halvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried Klaus Zhiming Han Yue-Hua Sun Jacob Hoglund 《Avian Research》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期265-270,共6页
Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation programs.Elevated levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related ... Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation programs.Elevated levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including humans(inbreeding depression).Genomic tech-niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and conservation.We used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify both.We found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROH(fraction of runs of homozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and Hazel Grouse(T.bonasia).FROH estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity(ROH)ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel Grouse.Individuals from a population of Chinese Grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel Grouse(including samples from Sweden,Germany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROH ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of birds.Hazel Grouse from northern China and Chinese Grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding levels.Comparisons of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese Grouse as compared to Hazel Grouse.These results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the range-restricted Chinese Grouse compared to the wide-ranging Hazel Grouse.However,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,Hazel Grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese Grouse,a result which may indicate that purifying selection(purging)has been more efficient in Chinese Grouse on this class of mutations. 展开更多
关键词 Genetic load INBREEDING Purifying selection Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ROH Tetrastes
下载PDF
Ground-based and additional science support for SMILE 被引量:2
19
作者 J.A.Carter M.Dunlop +46 位作者 C.Forsyth K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.Milan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck M.Connors T.Yeoman X.Tan M.G.G.T.Taylor K.McWilliams J.Gjerloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham A.Dimmock M.P.Freeman D.-S.Han M.D.Hartinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-J.Hu M.K.James L.Juusola K.Kauristie E.A.Kronberg M.Lester J.Manuel J.Matzka I.McCrea Y.Miyoshi J.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick K.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun M.-T.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang J.Weygand J.Wild J.Yan J.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang 《Earth and Planetary Physics》 EI CSCD 2024年第1期275-298,共24页
The joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplane... The joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions,and simultaneously monitor the auroral response of the Northern Hemisphere ionosphere.Combining these large-scale responses with medium and fine-scale measurements at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instruments will enable a much greater scientific impact beyond the original goals of the SMILE mission.Here,we describe current community efforts to prepare for SMILE,and the benefits and context various experiments that have explicitly expressed support for SMILE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing many different experiment types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these efforts.Preparations include constructing an online SMILE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special modes for experiments such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft conjunctions.We anticipate growing interest and community engagement with the SMILE mission,and we welcome novel ideas and insights from the solar-terrestrial community. 展开更多
关键词 MAGNETOSPHERE IONOSPHERE magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experimentation SMILE CONJUNCTIONS MISSIONS
下载PDF
Diverse experiences by active travel for carbon neutrality:A longitudinal study of residential context,daily travel and experience types
20
作者 Karl Samuelsson S.Anders Brandt +4 位作者 Stephan Barthel Noah Linder Nancy Joy Lim David Hallman Matteo Giusti 《Geography and Sustainability》 CSCD 2024年第3期459-469,共11页
Two key goals for sustainable spatial planning are to promote low-carbon travel in daily life and to enhance human wellbeing through diverse human-environment interactions.Yet,the integration of these goals has been u... Two key goals for sustainable spatial planning are to promote low-carbon travel in daily life and to enhance human wellbeing through diverse human-environment interactions.Yet,the integration of these goals has been underexplored.This study investigates the potential for experiential diversity via active travel in different resi-dential contexts within the Gävle city-region,Sweden.Over 15 months,we collected spatiotemporal data from 165 participants,analyzing 4,362 reported experiences and 13,192 GPS-derived travel trajectories.Our analysis uncovered a significant spatial discrepancy:while the travelled distances to locations of positive experiences typ-ically ranged from 1.5 km to 5 km,active travel predominated only within 1.5 km.This discrepancy persisted across urban,suburban,and peripheral contexts.Although residents in different contexts reported the same types of experiences,urban dwellers travelled about 50%farther for nature experiences compared with other positive experiences,whereas peripheral dwellers travelled twice the distance for urbanicity experiences compared with other positive experiences.Consequently,urban residents mostly relied on active travel for urbanicity experiences and motorised travel for nature experiences,with the reverse trend observed among peripheral dwellers.These results illustrate the importance of spatial scale for promoting diverse positive experiences via active travel,re-gardless of residential context.Effective planning strategies may include enhancing environmental diversity near homes and developing infrastructure that favours active over motorised travel for short to moderate distances. 展开更多
关键词 WALKING Biking Experiential diversity GPS data Smartphone app Topodiversity
下载PDF
上一页 1 2 27 下一页 到第
使用帮助 返回顶部