Large-scale epidemiological studies have found that hyperhomocysteinemia is a powerful, independent risk factor for Alzheimer＇s disease. Trillium tschonoskii maxim is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to pr...Large-scale epidemiological studies have found that hyperhomocysteinemia is a powerful, independent risk factor for Alzheimer＇s disease. Trillium tschonoskii maxim is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to promote memory. However, scientific understanding of its mechanism of action is limited. This report studied the potential neuroprotective effects of Trillium tschonoskii maxim extract against homocysteine-induced cognitive deficits. Rats were intravenously injected with homocysteine（400 μg/kg） for 14 days to induce a model of Alzheimer＇s disease. These rats were then intragastrically treated with Trillium tschonoskii maxim extract（0.125 or 0.25 g/kg） for 7 consecutive days. Open field test and Morris water maze test were conducted to measure spontaneous activity and learning and memory abilities. Western blot assay was used to detect the levels of Tau protein and other factors involved in Tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Immunohistochemical staining was used to examine Tau protein in the hippocampus. Golgi staining was applied to measure hippocampal dendritic spines. Our results demonstrated that homocysteine produced learning and memory deficits and increased levels of Tau phosphorylation, and diminished the activity of catalytic protein phosphatase 2A. The total number of hippocampal dendritic spines was also decreased. Trillium tschonoskii maxim extract treatment reversed the homocysteine-induced changes. The above results suggest that Trillium tschonoskii maxim extract can lessen homocysteine-induced abnormal Tau phosphorylation and improve cognitive deterioration such as that present in Alzheimer＇s disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND Several recent studies have confirmed that intratumoural microorganisms can affect the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);however,their role in tumor progression remains unclear.Hen...BACKGROUND Several recent studies have confirmed that intratumoural microorganisms can affect the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);however,their role in tumor progression remains unclear.Hence,there is a need for further research on the role of intratumoural microorganisms in HCC.AIM To investigate the changes in intratumoural microorganisms in HCC and the effect of Propionibacterium on HCC progression.METHODS HCC and normal liver tissue specimens were subjected to fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH).After performing 16S rRNA sequencing on HCC and peritumoral tissues to analyze the differences between the two groups.Propionibacterium was cocultured with HCC cells in vitro.Changes in cell proliferation and migration capacity were evaluated.The expression of NF-κB pathway related proteins in tumor cells was compared.The orthotopic liver implantation model and the subcutaneous xenograft model were constructed.liver tissues and subcutaneous tumors were collected 2 weeks later.RESULTS FISH demonstrated the presence of microorganisms in HCC and normal liver tissues.16S rRNA sequencing revealed an abundance of Lysobacter,Lachnospiraceae,Pseudomonas,and Lactobacillus in HCC tissues.The distribution and abundance of Propionibacterium showed differences between HCC and peritumoral tissues(P<0.05).In vitro studies demonstrated that Propionibacterium and its metabolite propionic acid(PA)inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells(P<0.05).The expression of the proteins in NF-κB signaling pathway also decreased in HCC cells(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Microorganisms in HCC and normal liver tissues displayed significant disparities.The PA-producing bacterium Propionibacterium in HCC exerts an effect on the NF-κB pathway,thereby affecting the biological behavior of HCC.展开更多
Infectious bursal disease(IBD)causes considerable economic losses in the commercial poultry industry worldwide.The principal way to control IBD virus(IBDV),the causative agent of IBD,is still through vaccination progr...Infectious bursal disease(IBD)causes considerable economic losses in the commercial poultry industry worldwide.The principal way to control IBD virus(IBDV),the causative agent of IBD,is still through vaccination programs.Virus-like particles(VLPs)are recognised as a safe and potent recombinant vaccine platform.This research work explores the characterisation and separation of infectious bursal disease virus-like particles(IBD-VLPs)from crude feedstock.Various characteristics were studied with highperformance size-exclusion chromatography(HP-SEC),sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analyses.Subsequently,the separation of IBD-VLPs using polyethylene glycol(PEG)/sodium citrate-based aqueous two-phase systems(ATPSs)was conducted and optimised.Moreover,a scale-up study of the best ATPS constituted of 15%PEG 6000,11%sodium citrate and 10%crude feedstock was performed to compare the separation performance of IBD-VLPs with and without centrifugation-assisted.The results indicated that the optimised ATPS with centrifugation-assisted for both 5 g and 50 g systems showed good recovery of IBDVLPs of>97%in the interphase between the PEG-rich top and salt-rich bottom phases.These optimised systems also showed high removal efficiencies of impurities of>95%.The results demonstrated that aqueous two-phase extraction could be a promising technology for efficient VLPs separation.展开更多
The present letter to editor is related to endoscopic mucosal ablation(EMA).EMA is safe and effective in the treatment of colonic polyps when endoscopic resection is not possible or available,but the indication of EMA...The present letter to editor is related to endoscopic mucosal ablation(EMA).EMA is safe and effective in the treatment of colonic polyps when endoscopic resection is not possible or available,but the indication of EMA should be determined for a further large number of studies.EMA should be used with caution for larger lesions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Duplication of the renal pelvis is a common congenital malformation of the urinary system.About one-third of cases are complete unilateral duplication of the renal pelvis,while bilateral duplication is extr...BACKGROUND Duplication of the renal pelvis is a common congenital malformation of the urinary system.About one-third of cases are complete unilateral duplication of the renal pelvis,while bilateral duplication is extremely rare.Herein,we described a single case of bilateral renal duplication with double ureteral orifice ectopic vaginal fistula treated with laparoscopy.CASE SUMMARY A 6-year-old girl suffering from long-term vaginal leakage was admitted on June 10,2018.She was diagnosed with complete duplication of both kidneys and ureters and ectopic opening of both ureters combined with ureterovaginal fistula.The patient received laparoscopic ectopic ureteral bladder replantation and was followed up for 2 years.No renal function damage and vaginal leakage were found.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic bladder-ureter reimplantation could effectively determine the location and number of ectopic ureters by imaging and cystoscopy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is a rare malignant tumor of the esophagus,and its combination with squamous cell carcinoma is also rare.Here,we report the diagnosis and treatment of a case of p...BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is a rare malignant tumor of the esophagus,and its combination with squamous cell carcinoma is also rare.Here,we report the diagnosis and treatment of a case of primary esophageal malignant melanoma combined with squamous cell carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY A middle-aged man underwent gastroscopy for dysphagia.Gastroscopy revealed multiple bulging esophageal lesions,and after pathologic and immunohistochemical analyses,the patient was finally diagnosed with"malignant melanoma with squamous cell carcinoma".This patient received comprehensive treatment.After one year of follow-up,the patient was in good condition,and the esophageal lesions seen on gastroscopy were controlled,but unfortunately,liver metastasis occurred.CONCLUSION When multiple esophageal lesions are present,the possibility of multiple pathological sources should be considered.This patient was diagnosed with primary esophageal malignant melanoma combined with squamous cell carcinoma.展开更多
BACKGROUND An unusual case of acute acquired concomitant esotropia(AACE)with congenital paralytic strabismus in the right eye is reported.CASE SUMMARY A 23-year-old woman presented with complaints of binocular diplopi...BACKGROUND An unusual case of acute acquired concomitant esotropia(AACE)with congenital paralytic strabismus in the right eye is reported.CASE SUMMARY A 23-year-old woman presented with complaints of binocular diplopia and esotropia of the right eye lasting 4 years and head tilt to the left since 1 year after birth.The Bielschowsky head tilt test showed right hypertropia on a right head tilt.She did not report any other intracranial pathology.A diagnosis of AACE and right congenital paralytic strabismus was made.Then,she underwent medial rectus muscle recession and lateral rectus muscle resection combined with inferior oblique muscle myectomy in the right eye.One day after surgery,the patient reported that she had no diplopia at either distance or near fixation and was found to be orthophoric in the primary position;furthermore,her head posture immediately and markedly improved.CONCLUSION In future clinical work,in cases of AACE combined with other types of strabismus,we can perform conventional single surgery for both at the same time,and the two types of strabismus can be solved simultaneously.展开更多
BACKGROUND The presence of a right-sided sigmoid colon is a rare anatomical variation usually discovered incidentally during surgical interventions.This case report details an unexpected right-sided sigmoid colon iden...BACKGROUND The presence of a right-sided sigmoid colon is a rare anatomical variation usually discovered incidentally during surgical interventions.This case report details an unexpected right-sided sigmoid colon identified during a laparoscopic appendectomy and examines the pertinent literature to explore its clinical importance.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old woman presented with acute appendicitis.A preoperative computed tomography(CT)scan showed peri-appendiceal inflammation but no significant anatomical abnormalities.During laparoscopic surgery,an unexpected finding was encountered:The sigmoid colon was situated on the right side and exhibited an abnormal relationship with the cecum and ascending colon.Postoperative pathological examination confirmed appendicitis with no additional pathological findings.The right-sided sigmoid colon anomaly was verified through intraoperative assessment and later re-evaluation with CT and colonographic imaging.The patient underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy and experienced a smooth postoperative recovery.CONCLUSION This case highlights the necessity of being attentive to anatomical variations during laparoscopic surgery,particularly when managing appendicitis.A review of the literature indicated that the occurrence of a right-sided sigmoid colon is infrequent and may be associated with anomalies in midgut rotation during embryonic development.Awareness of this variation can help prevent surgical complications and inform future clinical practice.展开更多
基金supported in part by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81260172,81660223the Opening Foundation of Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resource Protection and Utilization of China,No.PKLHB1318+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Team Project of Hubei University for Nationalities of China,No.MY2011T005the Doctoral Fund of Hubei University for Nationalities of China,No.MY2012B015the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China,No.2017CFB451
文摘Large-scale epidemiological studies have found that hyperhomocysteinemia is a powerful, independent risk factor for Alzheimer＇s disease. Trillium tschonoskii maxim is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to promote memory. However, scientific understanding of its mechanism of action is limited. This report studied the potential neuroprotective effects of Trillium tschonoskii maxim extract against homocysteine-induced cognitive deficits. Rats were intravenously injected with homocysteine（400 μg/kg） for 14 days to induce a model of Alzheimer＇s disease. These rats were then intragastrically treated with Trillium tschonoskii maxim extract（0.125 or 0.25 g/kg） for 7 consecutive days. Open field test and Morris water maze test were conducted to measure spontaneous activity and learning and memory abilities. Western blot assay was used to detect the levels of Tau protein and other factors involved in Tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Immunohistochemical staining was used to examine Tau protein in the hippocampus. Golgi staining was applied to measure hippocampal dendritic spines. Our results demonstrated that homocysteine produced learning and memory deficits and increased levels of Tau phosphorylation, and diminished the activity of catalytic protein phosphatase 2A. The total number of hippocampal dendritic spines was also decreased. Trillium tschonoskii maxim extract treatment reversed the homocysteine-induced changes. The above results suggest that Trillium tschonoskii maxim extract can lessen homocysteine-induced abnormal Tau phosphorylation and improve cognitive deterioration such as that present in Alzheimer＇s disease.
基金Supported by the Tianjin Health Science and Technology Project Surface Project,No.TJWJ2023MS012.
文摘BACKGROUND Several recent studies have confirmed that intratumoural microorganisms can affect the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);however,their role in tumor progression remains unclear.Hence,there is a need for further research on the role of intratumoural microorganisms in HCC.AIM To investigate the changes in intratumoural microorganisms in HCC and the effect of Propionibacterium on HCC progression.METHODS HCC and normal liver tissue specimens were subjected to fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH).After performing 16S rRNA sequencing on HCC and peritumoral tissues to analyze the differences between the two groups.Propionibacterium was cocultured with HCC cells in vitro.Changes in cell proliferation and migration capacity were evaluated.The expression of NF-κB pathway related proteins in tumor cells was compared.The orthotopic liver implantation model and the subcutaneous xenograft model were constructed.liver tissues and subcutaneous tumors were collected 2 weeks later.RESULTS FISH demonstrated the presence of microorganisms in HCC and normal liver tissues.16S rRNA sequencing revealed an abundance of Lysobacter,Lachnospiraceae,Pseudomonas,and Lactobacillus in HCC tissues.The distribution and abundance of Propionibacterium showed differences between HCC and peritumoral tissues(P<0.05).In vitro studies demonstrated that Propionibacterium and its metabolite propionic acid(PA)inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells(P<0.05).The expression of the proteins in NF-κB signaling pathway also decreased in HCC cells(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Microorganisms in HCC and normal liver tissues displayed significant disparities.The PA-producing bacterium Propionibacterium in HCC exerts an effect on the NF-κB pathway,thereby affecting the biological behavior of HCC.
基金Zhejiang University and TalentIntroduction Program of China for Postdoctoral Researcher for the financial supportfinancially supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China (2021YFE0113300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22078286)。
文摘Infectious bursal disease(IBD)causes considerable economic losses in the commercial poultry industry worldwide.The principal way to control IBD virus(IBDV),the causative agent of IBD,is still through vaccination programs.Virus-like particles(VLPs)are recognised as a safe and potent recombinant vaccine platform.This research work explores the characterisation and separation of infectious bursal disease virus-like particles(IBD-VLPs)from crude feedstock.Various characteristics were studied with highperformance size-exclusion chromatography(HP-SEC),sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analyses.Subsequently,the separation of IBD-VLPs using polyethylene glycol(PEG)/sodium citrate-based aqueous two-phase systems(ATPSs)was conducted and optimised.Moreover,a scale-up study of the best ATPS constituted of 15%PEG 6000,11%sodium citrate and 10%crude feedstock was performed to compare the separation performance of IBD-VLPs with and without centrifugation-assisted.The results indicated that the optimised ATPS with centrifugation-assisted for both 5 g and 50 g systems showed good recovery of IBDVLPs of>97%in the interphase between the PEG-rich top and salt-rich bottom phases.These optimised systems also showed high removal efficiencies of impurities of>95%.The results demonstrated that aqueous two-phase extraction could be a promising technology for efficient VLPs separation.
文摘The present letter to editor is related to endoscopic mucosal ablation(EMA).EMA is safe and effective in the treatment of colonic polyps when endoscopic resection is not possible or available,but the indication of EMA should be determined for a further large number of studies.EMA should be used with caution for larger lesions.
文摘BACKGROUND Duplication of the renal pelvis is a common congenital malformation of the urinary system.About one-third of cases are complete unilateral duplication of the renal pelvis,while bilateral duplication is extremely rare.Herein,we described a single case of bilateral renal duplication with double ureteral orifice ectopic vaginal fistula treated with laparoscopy.CASE SUMMARY A 6-year-old girl suffering from long-term vaginal leakage was admitted on June 10,2018.She was diagnosed with complete duplication of both kidneys and ureters and ectopic opening of both ureters combined with ureterovaginal fistula.The patient received laparoscopic ectopic ureteral bladder replantation and was followed up for 2 years.No renal function damage and vaginal leakage were found.CONCLUSION Laparoscopic bladder-ureter reimplantation could effectively determine the location and number of ectopic ureters by imaging and cystoscopy.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is a rare malignant tumor of the esophagus,and its combination with squamous cell carcinoma is also rare.Here,we report the diagnosis and treatment of a case of primary esophageal malignant melanoma combined with squamous cell carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY A middle-aged man underwent gastroscopy for dysphagia.Gastroscopy revealed multiple bulging esophageal lesions,and after pathologic and immunohistochemical analyses,the patient was finally diagnosed with"malignant melanoma with squamous cell carcinoma".This patient received comprehensive treatment.After one year of follow-up,the patient was in good condition,and the esophageal lesions seen on gastroscopy were controlled,but unfortunately,liver metastasis occurred.CONCLUSION When multiple esophageal lesions are present,the possibility of multiple pathological sources should be considered.This patient was diagnosed with primary esophageal malignant melanoma combined with squamous cell carcinoma.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Education Department of Jilin Province during the“13th Five-Year Plan”,No.JJKH20180217KJNatural Science Foundation of Jilin Province,No.20200201530JC.
文摘BACKGROUND An unusual case of acute acquired concomitant esotropia(AACE)with congenital paralytic strabismus in the right eye is reported.CASE SUMMARY A 23-year-old woman presented with complaints of binocular diplopia and esotropia of the right eye lasting 4 years and head tilt to the left since 1 year after birth.The Bielschowsky head tilt test showed right hypertropia on a right head tilt.She did not report any other intracranial pathology.A diagnosis of AACE and right congenital paralytic strabismus was made.Then,she underwent medial rectus muscle recession and lateral rectus muscle resection combined with inferior oblique muscle myectomy in the right eye.One day after surgery,the patient reported that she had no diplopia at either distance or near fixation and was found to be orthophoric in the primary position;furthermore,her head posture immediately and markedly improved.CONCLUSION In future clinical work,in cases of AACE combined with other types of strabismus,we can perform conventional single surgery for both at the same time,and the two types of strabismus can be solved simultaneously.
文摘BACKGROUND The presence of a right-sided sigmoid colon is a rare anatomical variation usually discovered incidentally during surgical interventions.This case report details an unexpected right-sided sigmoid colon identified during a laparoscopic appendectomy and examines the pertinent literature to explore its clinical importance.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old woman presented with acute appendicitis.A preoperative computed tomography(CT)scan showed peri-appendiceal inflammation but no significant anatomical abnormalities.During laparoscopic surgery,an unexpected finding was encountered:The sigmoid colon was situated on the right side and exhibited an abnormal relationship with the cecum and ascending colon.Postoperative pathological examination confirmed appendicitis with no additional pathological findings.The right-sided sigmoid colon anomaly was verified through intraoperative assessment and later re-evaluation with CT and colonographic imaging.The patient underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy and experienced a smooth postoperative recovery.CONCLUSION This case highlights the necessity of being attentive to anatomical variations during laparoscopic surgery,particularly when managing appendicitis.A review of the literature indicated that the occurrence of a right-sided sigmoid colon is infrequent and may be associated with anomalies in midgut rotation during embryonic development.Awareness of this variation can help prevent surgical complications and inform future clinical practice.
