气候变化将会对森林树种结构、空间结构以及林龄结构等产生重大影响,准确预测森林景观演替对未来气候变化的响应,不仅能够为科学管理森林生态系统提供理论依据,而且对制定生物多样性保护与珍稀物种保护策略也具有重要意义。本文运用LAND...气候变化将会对森林树种结构、空间结构以及林龄结构等产生重大影响,准确预测森林景观演替对未来气候变化的响应,不仅能够为科学管理森林生态系统提供理论依据,而且对制定生物多样性保护与珍稀物种保护策略也具有重要意义。本文运用LANDIS Pro 7.0与LINKAGES模型,模拟天宝岩国家级自然保护区8个树种在2种不同气候变化情景(RCP4.5和RCP8.5)下未来300年的森林植被演替动态,分析森林景观格局变化特征及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:毛竹、马尾松、猴头杜鹃、长苞铁杉以及杉木的潜在面积分布与景观格局指数对气候变化的响应较为显著。在气候变化情景下,各树种的景观分维度均介于1.03—1.08,保护区内各景观斑块相对简单规则。毛竹、猴头杜鹃和杉木聚集度下降趋势明显而斑块密度显著上升,长苞铁杉随演替进行面积逐渐减少而聚集度相对较高且斑块密度剧增,马尾松斑块密度缓慢增加而聚集度先降后升,随气候变化这些树种的景观完整度都遭到了不同程度的破坏,且在RCP8.5气候情景下景观破碎化更严重。而气候变化对阔叶林与柳杉的影响则较小,且阔叶林在演替期间斑块密度下降而聚集度稳中有增,潜在面积分布呈现出良好的发展势头。随气候变化,天宝岩自然保护区森林景观的演替最终将朝着“常绿阔叶林为主、针阔叶混交林为辅”的群落组成演变,保护区森林景观格局对气候变化的响应较为敏感。展开更多
The condition of soil structure is an important factor to affect soil fertility.The soil heterogeneity,which embodies the landscape heterogeneity,has an important role in revealing the form mechanism,function and vari...The condition of soil structure is an important factor to affect soil fertility.The soil heterogeneity,which embodies the landscape heterogeneity,has an important role in revealing the form mechanism,function and variation of landscape.In this paper,the soil physical property heterogeneities of six types of forest landscape in Wuyishan scenery district include Pinus massoniana forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest,economic forest,bamboo forest,broad leaved forest and Camellia sinensis plantation were analyzed,and the fractal model was used to study the soil aggregate structure.The results showed that the soil physical property heterogeneities of different forest landscapes were distinct.The stand structure of three natural forests( Pinus massoniana forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest and broad leaved forest)were more complex than that of three artificial forests(economic forest,bamboo forest and Camellia sinensis plantation),thus,their fractal dimensions of soil aggregate were lower,the contents of the particle > 0.25 mm aggregate and > 5 mm aggregate were higher,the capacity of stable aggregate composition under water and permeability of soil were more splendid,the performance of self-regulation and resistance were better,and the non-capillary pore of soil were more flourishing than artificial forests. The regression models for fractal dimension (D)of aggregated structure and water stable aggregate(>0.25 mm and >5 mm)content,and for D and destroyed structure percentage were further established,and the results indicated the their regression relationships of all the models were remarkable,therefore,the fractal dimension of soil structure could be used as an index in characterizing the soil fertility.展开更多
In order to preserve Wuyi Mountain effectively and analyze the relationship between human activity and landscape structure,the Wuyishan Scenery District,which was disturbed stronger than the other 3 parts of Wuyi Moun...In order to preserve Wuyi Mountain effectively and analyze the relationship between human activity and landscape structure,the Wuyishan Scenery District,which was disturbed stronger than the other 3 parts of Wuyi Mountain,was chosen for the study,and its spatial pattern was studied by landscape indices at two scale levels of landscape element and the whole landscape.The results showed as follows:①Pinus massoniana forest was the matrix landscape in Wuyishan Scenery District,its dominance was very obvious(60.01% of area).Farmland(12.89%) and Camellia sinensis plantation(11.68%) was the second and the third respectively;②From the results of mean patch shape index(MSI i),mean proximate circular index(MPCI i) and mean patch stretch index(MPSI i),showed that Pinus massoniana forest,farmland and Camellia sinensis plantation were three most complicated in patch shape,while residential area was the simplest;③The calculation results of mean patch area(MPA i),patch density(PD i) and fragmentation index(FN i)indicated that the degree of fragmentation of residential area was highest,that of Camellia sinensis plantation and economic forest ranked the second and the third respectively,while that of Pinus massoniana forest was lowest.In addition,the separation index(SI i)also revealed that the separation degree of residential area was highest,while that of Pinus massoniana forest was lowest.These results proved powerfully that human activity was one of the main factors breaking the landscape into fragments;④At the whole landscape level,the values of biodiversity(H),dominance(D),evenness (H′) and degree of fragmentation(FN) of the Wuyishan Scenery District were 0.573 1,0.426 9,0.405 7 and 0.005 6 respectively.After comparisons between the Wuyishan Scenery District and other areas(including forest landscape,agriculture landscape,urban landscape,wetland landscape and desert oases landscape)were further analyzed,it was concuded that the Wuyishan Scenery District is one of the areas which have been well preserved up to now.展开更多
文摘气候变化将会对森林树种结构、空间结构以及林龄结构等产生重大影响,准确预测森林景观演替对未来气候变化的响应,不仅能够为科学管理森林生态系统提供理论依据,而且对制定生物多样性保护与珍稀物种保护策略也具有重要意义。本文运用LANDIS Pro 7.0与LINKAGES模型,模拟天宝岩国家级自然保护区8个树种在2种不同气候变化情景(RCP4.5和RCP8.5)下未来300年的森林植被演替动态,分析森林景观格局变化特征及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明:毛竹、马尾松、猴头杜鹃、长苞铁杉以及杉木的潜在面积分布与景观格局指数对气候变化的响应较为显著。在气候变化情景下,各树种的景观分维度均介于1.03—1.08,保护区内各景观斑块相对简单规则。毛竹、猴头杜鹃和杉木聚集度下降趋势明显而斑块密度显著上升,长苞铁杉随演替进行面积逐渐减少而聚集度相对较高且斑块密度剧增,马尾松斑块密度缓慢增加而聚集度先降后升,随气候变化这些树种的景观完整度都遭到了不同程度的破坏,且在RCP8.5气候情景下景观破碎化更严重。而气候变化对阔叶林与柳杉的影响则较小,且阔叶林在演替期间斑块密度下降而聚集度稳中有增,潜在面积分布呈现出良好的发展势头。随气候变化,天宝岩自然保护区森林景观的演替最终将朝着“常绿阔叶林为主、针阔叶混交林为辅”的群落组成演变,保护区森林景观格局对气候变化的响应较为敏感。
文摘The condition of soil structure is an important factor to affect soil fertility.The soil heterogeneity,which embodies the landscape heterogeneity,has an important role in revealing the form mechanism,function and variation of landscape.In this paper,the soil physical property heterogeneities of six types of forest landscape in Wuyishan scenery district include Pinus massoniana forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest,economic forest,bamboo forest,broad leaved forest and Camellia sinensis plantation were analyzed,and the fractal model was used to study the soil aggregate structure.The results showed that the soil physical property heterogeneities of different forest landscapes were distinct.The stand structure of three natural forests( Pinus massoniana forest, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest and broad leaved forest)were more complex than that of three artificial forests(economic forest,bamboo forest and Camellia sinensis plantation),thus,their fractal dimensions of soil aggregate were lower,the contents of the particle > 0.25 mm aggregate and > 5 mm aggregate were higher,the capacity of stable aggregate composition under water and permeability of soil were more splendid,the performance of self-regulation and resistance were better,and the non-capillary pore of soil were more flourishing than artificial forests. The regression models for fractal dimension (D)of aggregated structure and water stable aggregate(>0.25 mm and >5 mm)content,and for D and destroyed structure percentage were further established,and the results indicated the their regression relationships of all the models were remarkable,therefore,the fractal dimension of soil structure could be used as an index in characterizing the soil fertility.
文摘In order to preserve Wuyi Mountain effectively and analyze the relationship between human activity and landscape structure,the Wuyishan Scenery District,which was disturbed stronger than the other 3 parts of Wuyi Mountain,was chosen for the study,and its spatial pattern was studied by landscape indices at two scale levels of landscape element and the whole landscape.The results showed as follows:①Pinus massoniana forest was the matrix landscape in Wuyishan Scenery District,its dominance was very obvious(60.01% of area).Farmland(12.89%) and Camellia sinensis plantation(11.68%) was the second and the third respectively;②From the results of mean patch shape index(MSI i),mean proximate circular index(MPCI i) and mean patch stretch index(MPSI i),showed that Pinus massoniana forest,farmland and Camellia sinensis plantation were three most complicated in patch shape,while residential area was the simplest;③The calculation results of mean patch area(MPA i),patch density(PD i) and fragmentation index(FN i)indicated that the degree of fragmentation of residential area was highest,that of Camellia sinensis plantation and economic forest ranked the second and the third respectively,while that of Pinus massoniana forest was lowest.In addition,the separation index(SI i)also revealed that the separation degree of residential area was highest,while that of Pinus massoniana forest was lowest.These results proved powerfully that human activity was one of the main factors breaking the landscape into fragments;④At the whole landscape level,the values of biodiversity(H),dominance(D),evenness (H′) and degree of fragmentation(FN) of the Wuyishan Scenery District were 0.573 1,0.426 9,0.405 7 and 0.005 6 respectively.After comparisons between the Wuyishan Scenery District and other areas(including forest landscape,agriculture landscape,urban landscape,wetland landscape and desert oases landscape)were further analyzed,it was concuded that the Wuyishan Scenery District is one of the areas which have been well preserved up to now.
