Synergistic effect of pinellia total alkaloids and uncaria total alkaloids on anticonvulsant action in mice and rats

Aim To investigate the synergistic effect of the combination of pinellia total alkaloid （PTA） and uncaria total alkaloid （UTA）, and explore the mechanism of anticonvulsant action. Methods Anticonvulsant and toxic effect profiles of combinations of PTA with UTA, alone and at three fixed ratios of 1：4, 1 ：1, 4：1, were evaluated in maximal electroshock （MES）-induced seizures and acute toxicity test in mice. Respective ED50 and LD50 were calculated with Bliss＇s method. Their synergistic effect were evaluated by isobolographic analysis and allowed the determination of benefit indices （BI） for respective combinations. The model of convulsive rats kindled by penicillin topically injected into cortex was used to investigated the content of Glu, Asp, Gly and GABA in hippocampus using high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Results Combinations of PTA and UTA at the ratio of 4：1 were synergistic in MES test and antagonistic in acute toxicity test, showing the best profile for combinations of PTA with UTA. In contrast, the ratios of 1 ：4 and 1 ： 1, despite synergistic in MES test, were additive in acute toxicity test. The 4：1 combination and two drugs alone significantly decreased Glu level and increased GABA level in the hippocampus, but the GABA level in the 4：1 combination group was higher than that in the two drugs alone groups. They did not have significant influence on the levels of ASp and Gly. Conclusion Combinations of PTA and UTA at 4：1 ratio demonstrated synergistic effect in anticonvulsant action and antagonistic effect in toxicity. The anticonvulsant mechanism might be related to decreasing the excitability of Glutamatergic neurons and increasing the inhibition of GABAergic neurons.

挫折因素对大学生内隐攻击性的影响

目的研究挫折因素对大学生内隐攻击性及其表现方式的影响。方法以不同性质的词组为实验材料,以偏好组词为测量方法,随机抽取102名在校大学生,从内隐社会认知的角度研究受挫任务对个体内隐攻击性的影响。结果①大学生表现出对攻击性词汇的偏好(男性:t=7.147,P<0.000;女性:t=8.248,P<0.000);②不论男性被试(t1=3.193,P1<0.01)还是女性被试(t2=3.763,P2<0.000),身体攻击性词组的均值均显著大于言语攻击性词组的均值;③方差分析显示交互作用显著[F(1,202)=10.213,P1<0.01];且中性词汇组的前测大于其后测(F=5.400,P<0.05),攻击性词汇组后测均值大于前测(F=4.820,P<0.05)。结论在内隐状态下,个体的身体攻击性倾向显著高于言语攻击性倾向,且具有较高的性别一致性;受挫任务能够显著增强大学生的内隐攻击性倾向。

正念干预在癌症康复中的临床应用

正念是当我们以一种开放、接纳和洞察的方式,有意地对此时此刻加以注意时涌现出的觉知。正念干预已被应用于多种心理学与临床情境,并且十分适合癌症人群面临的特殊困境。面向癌症人群的正念干预多从传统正念项目发展而来,大多有所调整以适应不同病人的需要。许多研究发现了正念干预应用于癌症康复的积极结果,体现在心理社会(抑郁、焦虑、压力、生活质量等)、癌症相关症状(如疼痛、疲劳、睡眠)和生物指标(如免疫、内分泌、自主神经系统、端粒)等方面。未来研究需着重探讨正念癌症康复的心理和生物学机制,为精细化干预提供理论支撑。同时,正念干预还应在多种癌症类型、多个治疗阶段和康复阶段中得到更广泛的应用。