A zero dimensional box model (PNCMjzb) with six state variables (ammonium, nitrate, dissolved organic nitrogen, phytoplankton, zooplankton and detritus) was developed to study nitrogen cycling in the Jiaozhou Bay pela...A zero dimensional box model (PNCMjzb) with six state variables (ammonium, nitrate, dissolved organic nitrogen, phytoplankton, zooplankton and detritus) was developed to study nitrogen cycling in the Jiaozhou Bay pelagic ecosystem. The dominant processes within these compartments are considered with nitrogen as flow currency. Phytoplankton and zooplankton are treated as separate state variables, assuming that the species composition was dominated by two or three species the dynamic constants of which are similar and that they represent the entire plankton community. The microbial loop has not been integrated explicitly in the model. The turnover of bacteria is included implicitly in processes such as detritus decomposition, DON remineralization, pelagic nitrification and denitrification. The model is driven by two forcing variables, viz. water temperature and light intensity. Historical data from the1980s and 1990s were compiled and used for model calibration. In this paper (part I), the consideration of every main compartment in the model is interpreted in detail. And the applied equations and parameters are presented. The main results from the simulations together with discussion about phytoplankton dynamics and primary production in Jiaozhou Bay are presented in the next paper (part II).展开更多
A new semi implicit numerical model developed to investigate the wind driven circulation (with inflow and outflow) in the Bohai, Huanghai and East China Sea in winter showed that the open boundary conditions and wind ...A new semi implicit numerical model developed to investigate the wind driven circulation (with inflow and outflow) in the Bohai, Huanghai and East China Sea in winter showed that the open boundary conditions and wind forcing are important in controlling general circulation in wintertime; that open boundary conditions (such as Kuroshio, Changjiang River runoff) are primary factors controlling the East China Sea circulation; and that wind driven current is more important in the upper layer in shallow sea area (such as Bohai Sea, North Huanghai Sea, as well as coastal area) in winter. Two numerical experiments are discussed to demonstrate the circulation responding to the changes of the open boundary conditions.展开更多
Tidal residual is very important to the transport of water particles, nutrients, plankton, etc. in the coastal sea. Eulerian scheme and Lagrangian scheme are two different ways to get the time averaged residual. Solut...Tidal residual is very important to the transport of water particles, nutrients, plankton, etc. in the coastal sea. Eulerian scheme and Lagrangian scheme are two different ways to get the time averaged residual. Solution of the Bohai Sea’s hydrodynamic system using a semi implicit layer averaged numerical model yielded different direction Eulerian and Lagrangian tidal residuals. The latter were stronger than the former in most sea areas. Their different directions produced different circulation pattern in some areas. Compared with the Eulerian residual, the Lagrangian residual seemed to be more in accord with the observation.展开更多
Scaling analysis shows that if o（ε<sup>2</sup>, β<sub>1</sub>ε, γε） <sup>o</sup> （δ）, frontal geostrophic dynamics governs the behav-ior of an isolated bottom eddy in a fi...Scaling analysis shows that if o（ε<sup>2</sup>, β<sub>1</sub>ε, γε） <sup>o</sup> （δ）, frontal geostrophic dynamics governs the behav-ior of an isolated bottom eddy in a finite depth ambient fluid; and that the ambient flow induced bybottom eddy migration satisfies quasi-geostrophic dynamics. This two layer model includes the impor-tant processes of advection of bottom eddy due to ambient flow, baroclinic instability, and form dragintroduced by Rossby waves. The numerical results show that the three processes enhance theinstability and alter the migration speed of the bottom eddy, and that the form drag induces asignificant meridional drift of the eddy.展开更多
A simple diagnostic simulation of the annual cycling of the surface specific photosynthesis rate (SPR) in Jiaozhou Bay is described in this paper. Light intensity, temperature and nutrients (nitrate + ammonia, phospha...A simple diagnostic simulation of the annual cycling of the surface specific photosynthesis rate (SPR) in Jiaozhou Bay is described in this paper. Light intensity, temperature and nutrients (nitrate + ammonia, phosphate) were considered as main factors controlling photosynthesis of phytoplankton and were introduced into the model by different function equations. The simulated variation of specific photosynthesis rate coincided with the measured data. Analysis of the effect of every factor on photosynthesis indicated that the variation of photosynthesis rate was controlled by all these three factors, while temperature showed good correlation with SPR as measurement showed. This diagnostic simulation yielded the values of some parameter relating with the photosynthesis in Jiaozhou Bay.展开更多
基金Thisworkwasundertheframeworkoftheco operativeprojectbetweentheOceanUniversityofChinaandUniversityofHam burg (UJEK No.0 3F0 1 89B)
文摘A zero dimensional box model (PNCMjzb) with six state variables (ammonium, nitrate, dissolved organic nitrogen, phytoplankton, zooplankton and detritus) was developed to study nitrogen cycling in the Jiaozhou Bay pelagic ecosystem. The dominant processes within these compartments are considered with nitrogen as flow currency. Phytoplankton and zooplankton are treated as separate state variables, assuming that the species composition was dominated by two or three species the dynamic constants of which are similar and that they represent the entire plankton community. The microbial loop has not been integrated explicitly in the model. The turnover of bacteria is included implicitly in processes such as detritus decomposition, DON remineralization, pelagic nitrification and denitrification. The model is driven by two forcing variables, viz. water temperature and light intensity. Historical data from the1980s and 1990s were compiled and used for model calibration. In this paper (part I), the consideration of every main compartment in the model is interpreted in detail. And the applied equations and parameters are presented. The main results from the simulations together with discussion about phytoplankton dynamics and primary production in Jiaozhou Bay are presented in the next paper (part II).
文摘A new semi implicit numerical model developed to investigate the wind driven circulation (with inflow and outflow) in the Bohai, Huanghai and East China Sea in winter showed that the open boundary conditions and wind forcing are important in controlling general circulation in wintertime; that open boundary conditions (such as Kuroshio, Changjiang River runoff) are primary factors controlling the East China Sea circulation; and that wind driven current is more important in the upper layer in shallow sea area (such as Bohai Sea, North Huanghai Sea, as well as coastal area) in winter. Two numerical experiments are discussed to demonstrate the circulation responding to the changes of the open boundary conditions.
文摘Tidal residual is very important to the transport of water particles, nutrients, plankton, etc. in the coastal sea. Eulerian scheme and Lagrangian scheme are two different ways to get the time averaged residual. Solution of the Bohai Sea’s hydrodynamic system using a semi implicit layer averaged numerical model yielded different direction Eulerian and Lagrangian tidal residuals. The latter were stronger than the former in most sea areas. Their different directions produced different circulation pattern in some areas. Compared with the Eulerian residual, the Lagrangian residual seemed to be more in accord with the observation.
基金This research was supported by NSFC(No.49276267)
文摘Scaling analysis shows that if o（ε<sup>2</sup>, β<sub>1</sub>ε, γε） <sup>o</sup> （δ）, frontal geostrophic dynamics governs the behav-ior of an isolated bottom eddy in a finite depth ambient fluid; and that the ambient flow induced bybottom eddy migration satisfies quasi-geostrophic dynamics. This two layer model includes the impor-tant processes of advection of bottom eddy due to ambient flow, baroclinic instability, and form dragintroduced by Rossby waves. The numerical results show that the three processes enhance theinstability and alter the migration speed of the bottom eddy, and that the form drag induces asignificant meridional drift of the eddy.
文摘A simple diagnostic simulation of the annual cycling of the surface specific photosynthesis rate (SPR) in Jiaozhou Bay is described in this paper. Light intensity, temperature and nutrients (nitrate + ammonia, phosphate) were considered as main factors controlling photosynthesis of phytoplankton and were introduced into the model by different function equations. The simulated variation of specific photosynthesis rate coincided with the measured data. Analysis of the effect of every factor on photosynthesis indicated that the variation of photosynthesis rate was controlled by all these three factors, while temperature showed good correlation with SPR as measurement showed. This diagnostic simulation yielded the values of some parameter relating with the photosynthesis in Jiaozhou Bay.
