利用格点化降水观测数据集(CN05.1)以及ECMWF再分析资料(ERA5),分析1961—2020年夏季西南地区东部(Eastern Southwest China,ESWC)的降水、水汽含量及降水转化率特征,并利用天气学分析方法初步探究地形分布对降水转化率空间分布差异的影...利用格点化降水观测数据集(CN05.1)以及ECMWF再分析资料(ERA5),分析1961—2020年夏季西南地区东部(Eastern Southwest China,ESWC)的降水、水汽含量及降水转化率特征,并利用天气学分析方法初步探究地形分布对降水转化率空间分布差异的影响,最后利用中尺度数值模式WRF4.0(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)设计地形敏感性试验验证地形对西南地区东部夏季降水的作用。结果表明:(1)1961—2020年夏季西南地区东部的降水呈现东多西少的分布特征,但水汽含量却在其东南部和西北部存在两个大值区,水汽大值区降水转化率偏低,强降水区与水汽含量大值区分布存在明显差异,通过分析强降水区与水平风场及垂直速度场的形势配合发现地形是导致此差异的重要因素。(2)WRF模式能较好地模拟出西南地区东部夏季降水的空间分布特征,通过地形敏感性试验发现,区域内大娄山、方斗山及大巴山组成的西南-东北向山地地形分布对降水强度有显著影响,地形高度的降低将导致区域东南部降水量显著减少。(3)敏感性试验中将区域地形高度分别降低一半和去除地形后,区域东南部的降水在月时间尺度中将分别减少9.89%和19.90%。地形高度的改变也会引起区域垂直速度、水平风场、水汽输送及水汽辐合量发生改变,当地形高度降低后,上升运动及西南风明显减弱,水汽输送强度降低,水汽辐合量减少,不利于降水形成。展开更多
南北两半球大气中高纬度之间的相互作用与季风等跨半球的天气气候系统存在着密切联系,由于涉及全球范围的大尺度环流与能量变化,其联系途径与机理受到学者们的广泛关注。本文结合ERA5再分析资料以及CMIP6中MPI-ESM1-2-HR模式历史输出资...南北两半球大气中高纬度之间的相互作用与季风等跨半球的天气气候系统存在着密切联系,由于涉及全球范围的大尺度环流与能量变化,其联系途径与机理受到学者们的广泛关注。本文结合ERA5再分析资料以及CMIP6中MPI-ESM1-2-HR模式历史输出资料,验证了冬季南北半球际大气质量涛动(Inter-Hemispheric atmospheric mass Oscillation, IHO)与东亚冬季风异常的联系及其对中国冬季气温的影响。研究表明,再分析资料以及模式结果均表明冬季IHO与东亚冬季风存在显著的正相关关系。IHO通过全球大气质量再分配与东亚冬季风建立起紧密的联系。当IHO为正位相时,大气质量在欧亚大陆北部异常堆积,而在中低纬地区异常亏损,这使得东亚地区海陆气压差明显增大,冬季风增强,同时对中国华中地区冬季地表气温具有显著影响;反之亦然。进一步分析发现,热带低平流层气温可以通过剩余环流调节臭氧含量经向分布进而影响南极对流层气温,从而对IHO年际变化起主要的驱动作用。展开更多
The Northeastern China cold vortex(NCCV)is one type of strong cyclonic vortex that occurs near Northeastern China(NEC),and NCCV activities are typically accompanied by a series of hazardous weather.This paper employed...The Northeastern China cold vortex(NCCV)is one type of strong cyclonic vortex that occurs near Northeastern China(NEC),and NCCV activities are typically accompanied by a series of hazardous weather.This paper employed an automatic algorithm to identify the NCCVs from 1979 to 2018 and analyzed their circulation patterns and climatic impacts by using the defined NCCV intensity index(NCCVI).The analysis revealed that the NCCV activities in summer exhibited a strong inter-annual variability,with an obvious periodicity of 3-4 years and 6-7 years,but without significant trends.In years when the NCCVI was high,NEC experienced negative geopotential height anomalies,cyclonic circulation,and cooler temperature anomalies,which were conducive to the maintenance and development of NCCV activities.Furthermore,large amounts of water vapor converged in NEC through two transportation routes as the NCCVs intensified,leading to a significant positive(negative)correlation with the summer precipitation(surface temperature)in NEC.The Atlantic sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies were closely related to summer NCCV activities.As the Atlantic SST rose,large amounts of surface sensible and latent heat flux were transported into the lower troposphere,inducing a positive geopotential height anomaly that occurred on the east side of the heat source.As a result,an eastward diverging flow was formed in the upper troposphere and propagated downstream,i.e.,the eastward propagating Rossby wave train,which eventually led to a coupled circulation in the Ural Mountains and NEC,as well as more intensive NCCV activities in summer.展开更多
文摘利用格点化降水观测数据集(CN05.1)以及ECMWF再分析资料(ERA5),分析1961—2020年夏季西南地区东部(Eastern Southwest China,ESWC)的降水、水汽含量及降水转化率特征,并利用天气学分析方法初步探究地形分布对降水转化率空间分布差异的影响,最后利用中尺度数值模式WRF4.0(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)设计地形敏感性试验验证地形对西南地区东部夏季降水的作用。结果表明:(1)1961—2020年夏季西南地区东部的降水呈现东多西少的分布特征,但水汽含量却在其东南部和西北部存在两个大值区,水汽大值区降水转化率偏低,强降水区与水汽含量大值区分布存在明显差异,通过分析强降水区与水平风场及垂直速度场的形势配合发现地形是导致此差异的重要因素。(2)WRF模式能较好地模拟出西南地区东部夏季降水的空间分布特征,通过地形敏感性试验发现,区域内大娄山、方斗山及大巴山组成的西南-东北向山地地形分布对降水强度有显著影响,地形高度的降低将导致区域东南部降水量显著减少。(3)敏感性试验中将区域地形高度分别降低一半和去除地形后,区域东南部的降水在月时间尺度中将分别减少9.89%和19.90%。地形高度的改变也会引起区域垂直速度、水平风场、水汽输送及水汽辐合量发生改变,当地形高度降低后,上升运动及西南风明显减弱,水汽输送强度降低,水汽辐合量减少,不利于降水形成。
文摘南北两半球大气中高纬度之间的相互作用与季风等跨半球的天气气候系统存在着密切联系,由于涉及全球范围的大尺度环流与能量变化,其联系途径与机理受到学者们的广泛关注。本文结合ERA5再分析资料以及CMIP6中MPI-ESM1-2-HR模式历史输出资料,验证了冬季南北半球际大气质量涛动(Inter-Hemispheric atmospheric mass Oscillation, IHO)与东亚冬季风异常的联系及其对中国冬季气温的影响。研究表明,再分析资料以及模式结果均表明冬季IHO与东亚冬季风存在显著的正相关关系。IHO通过全球大气质量再分配与东亚冬季风建立起紧密的联系。当IHO为正位相时,大气质量在欧亚大陆北部异常堆积,而在中低纬地区异常亏损,这使得东亚地区海陆气压差明显增大,冬季风增强,同时对中国华中地区冬季地表气温具有显著影响;反之亦然。进一步分析发现,热带低平流层气温可以通过剩余环流调节臭氧含量经向分布进而影响南极对流层气温,从而对IHO年际变化起主要的驱动作用。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41975073,42274215)Wuxi University Research Start-up Fund for Introduced Talents (2023r037)+1 种基金Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province for DING Liu-guan"333"Project of Jiangsu Province for DING Liu-guan
文摘The Northeastern China cold vortex(NCCV)is one type of strong cyclonic vortex that occurs near Northeastern China(NEC),and NCCV activities are typically accompanied by a series of hazardous weather.This paper employed an automatic algorithm to identify the NCCVs from 1979 to 2018 and analyzed their circulation patterns and climatic impacts by using the defined NCCV intensity index(NCCVI).The analysis revealed that the NCCV activities in summer exhibited a strong inter-annual variability,with an obvious periodicity of 3-4 years and 6-7 years,but without significant trends.In years when the NCCVI was high,NEC experienced negative geopotential height anomalies,cyclonic circulation,and cooler temperature anomalies,which were conducive to the maintenance and development of NCCV activities.Furthermore,large amounts of water vapor converged in NEC through two transportation routes as the NCCVs intensified,leading to a significant positive(negative)correlation with the summer precipitation(surface temperature)in NEC.The Atlantic sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies were closely related to summer NCCV activities.As the Atlantic SST rose,large amounts of surface sensible and latent heat flux were transported into the lower troposphere,inducing a positive geopotential height anomaly that occurred on the east side of the heat source.As a result,an eastward diverging flow was formed in the upper troposphere and propagated downstream,i.e.,the eastward propagating Rossby wave train,which eventually led to a coupled circulation in the Ural Mountains and NEC,as well as more intensive NCCV activities in summer.
