Size-related properties of novel lithium battery materials, arising from kinetics, thermodynamics, and newly discov- ered lithium storage mechanisms, are reviewed. Complementary experimental and computational investig...Size-related properties of novel lithium battery materials, arising from kinetics, thermodynamics, and newly discov- ered lithium storage mechanisms, are reviewed. Complementary experimental and computational investigations of the use of the size effects to modify electrodes and electrolytes for lithium ion batteries are enumerated and discussed together. Size differences in the materials in lithium ion batteries lead to a variety of exciting phenomena. Smaller-particle materials with highly connective interfaces and reduced diffusion paths exhibit higher rate performance than the corresponding bulk materials. The thermodynamics is also changed by the higher surface energy of smaller particles, affecting, for example, secondary surface reactions, lattice parameter, voltage, and the phase transformation mechanism. Newly discovered lithium storage mechanisms that result in superior storage capacity are also briefly highlighted.展开更多
Recent progress in improving Li-S batteries＇ cathodes, anodes, and electrolytes via different approaches is summa- rized. The poor conductivity of sulfur cathodes, the dissolution of polysulfide intermediates, and th...Recent progress in improving Li-S batteries＇ cathodes, anodes, and electrolytes via different approaches is summa- rized. The poor conductivity of sulfur cathodes, the dissolution of polysulfide intermediates, and the high reactivity of metal Li anodes currently motivate a great deal of research. Urgent challenges concerning Li anodes are also emphasized.展开更多
在众多Na离子电池正极材料中,P2型层状氧化物因其优异的动力学性能受到研究者们的广泛关注。在P2型层状氧化物材料中,Na离子有2种不同的位点,即Na_(e)和Na_(f)。由于配位环境的差异,Na离子在不同位点间的迁移行为不同。本工作提出通过...在众多Na离子电池正极材料中,P2型层状氧化物因其优异的动力学性能受到研究者们的广泛关注。在P2型层状氧化物材料中,Na离子有2种不同的位点,即Na_(e)和Na_(f)。由于配位环境的差异,Na离子在不同位点间的迁移行为不同。本工作提出通过调控材料中Na含量的策略实现了对同一过渡金属组分材料的/Na_(f)位点占位比的优化。研究发现,与Na_(0.45)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)和Na_(0.65)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)相比,具有更高Na_(e)/Na_(f)位点占比值的Na_(0.55)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)材料表现出最为优异的电化学性能,其电化学曲线平滑,在0.2 C (1 C=173 m A·g^(-1))的倍率下容量高达174.5 m A·h·g^(-1),在3 C,循环200次容量保持率高达92.95%,10 C的高倍率下仍能发挥83.6 mA·h·g^(-1)的容量,该策略为设计高性能P2型钠电正极材料打开了新的思路。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51225204 and 21303222)the Shandong Taishan Scholarship,China+1 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.2012CB932900)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA09010000)
文摘Size-related properties of novel lithium battery materials, arising from kinetics, thermodynamics, and newly discov- ered lithium storage mechanisms, are reviewed. Complementary experimental and computational investigations of the use of the size effects to modify electrodes and electrolytes for lithium ion batteries are enumerated and discussed together. Size differences in the materials in lithium ion batteries lead to a variety of exciting phenomena. Smaller-particle materials with highly connective interfaces and reduced diffusion paths exhibit higher rate performance than the corresponding bulk materials. The thermodynamics is also changed by the higher surface energy of smaller particles, affecting, for example, secondary surface reactions, lattice parameter, voltage, and the phase transformation mechanism. Newly discovered lithium storage mechanisms that result in superior storage capacity are also briefly highlighted.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant Nos.2012CB932900 and 2013AA050903)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51225204 and U1301244)the“Strategic Priority Research Program”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA09010300)
文摘Recent progress in improving Li-S batteries＇ cathodes, anodes, and electrolytes via different approaches is summa- rized. The poor conductivity of sulfur cathodes, the dissolution of polysulfide intermediates, and the high reactivity of metal Li anodes currently motivate a great deal of research. Urgent challenges concerning Li anodes are also emphasized.
文摘在众多Na离子电池正极材料中,P2型层状氧化物因其优异的动力学性能受到研究者们的广泛关注。在P2型层状氧化物材料中,Na离子有2种不同的位点,即Na_(e)和Na_(f)。由于配位环境的差异,Na离子在不同位点间的迁移行为不同。本工作提出通过调控材料中Na含量的策略实现了对同一过渡金属组分材料的/Na_(f)位点占位比的优化。研究发现,与Na_(0.45)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)和Na_(0.65)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)相比,具有更高Na_(e)/Na_(f)位点占比值的Na_(0.55)Ni_(0.1)Mn_(0.9)O_(2)材料表现出最为优异的电化学性能,其电化学曲线平滑,在0.2 C (1 C=173 m A·g^(-1))的倍率下容量高达174.5 m A·h·g^(-1),在3 C,循环200次容量保持率高达92.95%,10 C的高倍率下仍能发挥83.6 mA·h·g^(-1)的容量,该策略为设计高性能P2型钠电正极材料打开了新的思路。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51225204,21303222,and 21127901)the "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA09010100)~~
