高重频声光门控自吸收免疫激光诱导击穿光谱技术分析研究

为了消除激光诱导击穿光谱技术(laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,LIBS)中的自吸收效应,提高元素定量分析的精确度,同时满足工业中便捷分析元素的要求,需将自吸收免疫激光诱导击穿光谱技术(self-absorption free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,SAF-LIBS)的装置小型化。本文提出了一项新型的高重频声光门控SAF-LIBS定量分析技术,使用高重频激光器产生准连续的等离子体以增强光谱强度,并将声光调制器(acousto-optic modulator,AOM)作为门控开关,从而使微型CCD光谱仪和AOM能够代替传统大型SAF-LIBS装置中的像增强探测器(intensified charge coupled device,ICCD)和中阶梯型光栅光谱仪,实现自吸收免疫的同时缩小了装置的体积,降低了装置的成本。将该系统参数进行优化选择后,对样品中的Al元素进行了定量分析和预测。实验结果表明,等离子体的特性受激光重复频率的影响进而会影响光谱信号的强度。在1~50 kHz激光重复频率范围内,Al I 394.4 nm和Al I 396.15 nm的双线强度先增强后减弱,确定最佳的激光重复频率为10 kHz。在不同的光纤采集角度下,Al的双线强度比随延迟时间的增加而减小,在45°处信噪比最高,且在一定的积分时间下,最佳光学薄时间t_(ot)为426 ns。在激光重复频率为10 kHz、光纤采集角为45°、延迟时间为400 ns的条件下,对Al元素进行定量分析和预测结果表明,Al元素定标曲线的线性度R2为0.982,平均绝对测量误差相对于单一LIBS的0.8%可以降低至0.18%。定量分析结果与传统大型SAF-LIBS装置的测量精度相持平。因此本高重频声光门控SAF-LIBS装置不仅有效地屏蔽了光学厚等离子体中的连续背景辐射和谱线加宽,同时具备小型化、低成本、高可靠性的优点,有助于推动SAF-LIBS技术由实验室走向工业应用。

A theoretical study of the signal enhancement mechanism of coaxial DP-LIBS

In the field of dual-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(DP-LIBS)research,the pursuit of methods for determining pulse intervals and other parameters quickly and conveniently in order to achieve optimal spectral signal enhancement is paramount.To aid researchers in identification of optimal signal enhancement conditions and more accurate interpretation of the underlying signal enhancement mechanisms,theoretical simulations of the spatiotemporal processes of coaxial DP-LIBS-induced plasma have been established in this work.Using a model based on laser ablation and two-dimensional axisymmetric fluid dynamics,plasma evolutions during aluminum–magnesium alloy laser ablation under single-pulse and coaxial dualpulse excitations have been simulated.The influences of factors,such as delay time,laser fluence,plasma temperature,and particle number density,on the DP-LIBS spectral signals are investigated.Under pulse intervals ranging from 50 to 1500 ns,the time evolutions of spectral line intensity,dual-pulse emission enhancement relative to the single-pulse results,laser irradiance,spatial distribution of plasma temperature and species number density,as well as laser irradiance shielded by plasma have been obtained.The study indicates that the main reason behind the radiation signal enhancement in coaxial DP-LIBS-induced plasma is attributed to the increased species number density and plasma temperature caused by the second laser,and it is inferred that the shielding effect of the plasma mainly occurs in the boundary layer of the stagnation point flow over the target surface.This research provides a theoretical basis for experimental research,parameter optimization,and signal enhancement tracing in DP-LIBS.

Theoretical simulation study of laser-induced plasma bombardment on bacteria

With the rapid advancement of laser decontamination technology and growing awareness of microbial hazards,it becomes crucial to employ theoretical model to simulate and evaluate decontamination processes by laser-induced plasma.This study employs a two-dimensional axisymmetric fluid dynamics model to simulate the power density of plasma bombardment on bacteria and access its decontamination effects.The model considers the transport processes of vapor plasma and background gas molecules.Based on the destructive impact of high-speed moving particles in the plasma on bacteria,we investigate the bombardment power density under various conditions,including different laser spot sizes,wavelengths,plate's tilt angles,and plate-target spacing.The results reveal that the bombardment power density increases with a decrease in laser spot size and wavelength.For instance,when the plate is parallel to the target surface with a 1 mm spacing,the bombardment power density triples as the laser spot size decreases from 0.8 mm to 0.5 mm and quadruples as the wavelength decreases from 1064 nm to 266 nm.Notably,when the plate is parallel to the target with a relatively close spacing of 0.5 mm,the bombardment power density at 0°inclination increases sevenfold compared to 45°.This simulation study is essential for optimizing optical parameters and designing component layouts in decontamination devices using laser-induced plasma.The reduction of laser spot size,wavelength,plate-target spacing and aligning the plate parallel to the target,collectively contribute to achieving precise and effective decontamination.

Elemental and proximate analysis of coal by x-ray fluorescence assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Although laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS),as a fast on-line analysis technology,has great potential and competitiveness in the analysis of chemical composition and proximate analysis results of coal in thermal power plants,the measurement repeatability of LIBS needs to be further improved due to the difficulty in controlling the stability of the generated plasmas at present.In this paper,we propose a novel x-ray fluorescence(XRF) assisted LIBS method for high repeatability analysis of coal quality,which not only inherits the ability of LIBS to directly analyze organic elements such as C and H in coal,but also uses XRF to make up for the lack of stability of LIBS in determining other inorganic ash-forming elements.With the combination of elemental lines in LIBS and XRF spectra,the principal component analysis and the partial least squares are used to establish the prediction model and perform multi-elemental and proximate analysis of coal.Quantitative analysis results show that the relative standard deviation(RSD) of C is 0.15%,the RSDs of other elements are less than 4%,and the standard deviations of calorific value,ash content,sulfur content and volatile matter are 0.11 MJ kg,0.17%,0.79% and 0.41%respectively,indicating that the method has good repeatability in determination of coal quality.This work is helpful to accelerate the development of LIBS in the field of rapid measurement of coal entering the power plant and on-line monitoring of coal entering the furnace.

集体防护滤毒技术研究进展

阐述了国内外集体防护滤毒技术的手段及研究现状,指出了新时期我军集体防护面临的严峻挑战,介绍了活性炭吸附技术、光催化技术、低温等离子体技术的原理、现状、特点及局限性,重点介绍了可再生滤毒技术,最后提供了集体防护滤毒技术的发展思路。

集体防护滤毒技术研究进展

阐述了国内外集体防护滤毒技术的手段及研究现状,指出了新时期我军集体防护面临的严峻挑战,介绍了活性炭吸附技术、光催化技术、低温等离子体技术的原理、现状、特点及局限性,重点介绍了可再生滤毒技术,最后提供了集体防护滤毒技术的发展思路。

Development of miniaturized SAF-LIBS with high repetition rate acousto-optic gating for quantitative analysis

The self-absorption effect in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)reduces the accuracy of quantitative measurement results.The self-absorption-free LIBS(SAF-LIBS)has been proved to directly capture the optically thin plasma spectra by setting an appropriate exposure time.In this work,a novel SAF-LIBS technique with high repetition rate acousto-optic gating is developed,in which an acousto-optic modulator is used as the shutter to diffract the optically thin fluorescence,and a high repetition rate laser is used to produce quasi-continuous plasmas to enhance the integral spectral intensity,so that the CCD spectrometer can replace an intensified CCD(ICCD)and echelle spectrometer in SAF-LIBS.Experimental results show that the average absolute prediction error of aluminum is reduced to 0.18%,which is equivalent to that of traditional SAF-LIBS.This technique not only effectively shields continuous background radiation and broadened spectral lines in optically thick plasma,but also has advantages of miniaturization,low cost,convenience and reliability.

基于Abaqus的壳体有限元抗凹分析与结构优化

为了满足工业生产中一类产品壳体的结构改进需求,以某一壳体为例,对其进行了结构改进优化设计,建立了3种结构壳体的模型,采用Hypermesh软件做前后处理,并基于Abaqus软件,对改进前后的3种结构壳体在2个工况下进行最大位移、最大应力、最大残余变形量3种抗凹性能参数的数值计算与虚拟仿真分析,结果显示壳体3结构的抗凹性能优于壳体1和壳体2,验证了壳体结构改进优化设计的合理性和可靠性,为这类壳体的结构改进优化设计提供了理论指导和依据。

空气净化器不同档位下甲醛洁净空气量研究

室内甲醛释放周期长远且危害巨大,本文分析了市场上针对室内甲醛净化的技术特点。深入了解市场上高甲醛洁净空气量的空气净化器在不同档位运行下的甲醛净化能效,对市场上流行的双进风空气净化器不同档位下功率和甲醛洁净空气量进行检测和分析,检测试验在30 m3 的试验舱内进行,检测仪器采用英国PPM 的甲醛检测仪,通过计算测试不同档位下的甲醛洁净空气量和输入功率,对比不同档位下甲醛净化能效,对高甲醛洁净空气量的空气净化器使用进行客观评价。