背景与目的:5-羟色胺3(5-hydroxytryptamine3,5-HT3)受体阻断剂是临床最常用的化疗药物所致恶心、呕吐的预防治疗药,盐酸托烷司琼作为高效的5-HT3受体选择性阻断剂,已在临床应用多年。本试验目的在于评价国产盐酸托烷司琼注射液防治顺...背景与目的:5-羟色胺3(5-hydroxytryptamine3,5-HT3)受体阻断剂是临床最常用的化疗药物所致恶心、呕吐的预防治疗药,盐酸托烷司琼作为高效的5-HT3受体选择性阻断剂,已在临床应用多年。本试验目的在于评价国产盐酸托烷司琼注射液防治顺铂等化疗药物所致患者消化道反应的疗效及安全性。方法:本研究采用双盲、阳性药物交叉对照的方法,将5家医院收治的、需顺铂化疗的肿瘤患者随机分为A-B和B-A组,分别用试验药或对照药治疗。结果:共118例患者入组,其中A-B组60例,B-A组58例。国产盐酸托烷司琼和进口盐酸托烷司琼用药后患者急性呕吐的程度没有差异(P>0.05);两组对化疗药物所致恶心的平均抑制率分别为28.59%和29.21%;呕吐的平均抑制率分别为52.61%和51.94%;以上结果差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。用药后第3、6、10、21天生活质量(quality of life,QOL)评分两药差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。两药不良反应发生率分别为27.97%和22.03%,主要包括便秘、腹胀、眩晕、头痛和疲劳等,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:国产盐酸托烷司琼注射液治疗顺铂等化疗药物所致急性和迟发性恶心、呕吐反应疗效可靠,而且维持时间长,不良反应较少,对患者生活质量也有改善,各项临床试验指标与进口盐酸托烷司琼相似。展开更多
裂纹的扩展是典型的材料不连续问题,传统的有限元方法难以实现裂纹扩展过程的仿真模拟。为了解决传统有限元在模拟裂纹扩展的不足,XFEM方法(extended Finite Element Method,XFEM)引入水平集函数描述裂纹形态,实现了裂纹在单元内部的扩...裂纹的扩展是典型的材料不连续问题,传统的有限元方法难以实现裂纹扩展过程的仿真模拟。为了解决传统有限元在模拟裂纹扩展的不足,XFEM方法(extended Finite Element Method,XFEM)引入水平集函数描述裂纹形态,实现了裂纹在单元内部的扩展,克服了传统方法只能依赖单元生死来模拟裂纹扩展的难题。以Abaqus为平台,应用Python脚本语言开发了一套裂纹自动扩展程序包,利用Abaqus固有的方法编写程序,通过扩展有限元功能实现裂纹的自动扩展,通过模拟I型边裂纹和三点弯梁的裂纹的扩展过程,验证了XFEM方法的有效性。同时,模拟了多裂纹的扩展过程。结果表明:方法不仅能够利用Abaqus软件的实现复杂的加载和边界模拟,同时又能体现XFEM在裂纹扩展模拟上的优势,为解决实际复杂问题提供了途径。展开更多
Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4) with efficient photocatalytic activity was synthesized through thermal polymerization of thiourea with the addition of water(CN-W) or ethanol(CN-E) at 550 ℃for 2 h.The physicoch...Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4) with efficient photocatalytic activity was synthesized through thermal polymerization of thiourea with the addition of water(CN-W) or ethanol(CN-E) at 550 ℃for 2 h.The physicochemical properties of the g-C3N4 were investigated by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,photoluminescence spectroscopy,diffuse-reflection spectroscopy,BET and BJH surface area characterization,and elemental analysis.The carbon content was found to have self-doped into the g-C3N4 matrix during the thermal polymerization of thiourea and ethanol.CN-W and CN-E showed considerably enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity,with NO removal percentages of 37.2%and 48.3%,respectively.Compared with pure g-C3N4,both the short and long lifetimes of the charge carriers in CN-W and CN-E were found to be prolonged.The mechanism of improved visible-light photocatalytic activity was deduced.The present work may provide a facile route to optimize the microstructure of g-C3N4photocatalysts for high-performance environmental and energy applications.展开更多
文摘背景与目的:5-羟色胺3(5-hydroxytryptamine3,5-HT3)受体阻断剂是临床最常用的化疗药物所致恶心、呕吐的预防治疗药,盐酸托烷司琼作为高效的5-HT3受体选择性阻断剂,已在临床应用多年。本试验目的在于评价国产盐酸托烷司琼注射液防治顺铂等化疗药物所致患者消化道反应的疗效及安全性。方法:本研究采用双盲、阳性药物交叉对照的方法,将5家医院收治的、需顺铂化疗的肿瘤患者随机分为A-B和B-A组,分别用试验药或对照药治疗。结果:共118例患者入组,其中A-B组60例,B-A组58例。国产盐酸托烷司琼和进口盐酸托烷司琼用药后患者急性呕吐的程度没有差异(P>0.05);两组对化疗药物所致恶心的平均抑制率分别为28.59%和29.21%;呕吐的平均抑制率分别为52.61%和51.94%;以上结果差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。用药后第3、6、10、21天生活质量(quality of life,QOL)评分两药差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。两药不良反应发生率分别为27.97%和22.03%,主要包括便秘、腹胀、眩晕、头痛和疲劳等,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:国产盐酸托烷司琼注射液治疗顺铂等化疗药物所致急性和迟发性恶心、呕吐反应疗效可靠,而且维持时间长,不良反应较少,对患者生活质量也有改善,各项临床试验指标与进口盐酸托烷司琼相似。
文摘裂纹的扩展是典型的材料不连续问题,传统的有限元方法难以实现裂纹扩展过程的仿真模拟。为了解决传统有限元在模拟裂纹扩展的不足,XFEM方法(extended Finite Element Method,XFEM)引入水平集函数描述裂纹形态,实现了裂纹在单元内部的扩展,克服了传统方法只能依赖单元生死来模拟裂纹扩展的难题。以Abaqus为平台,应用Python脚本语言开发了一套裂纹自动扩展程序包,利用Abaqus固有的方法编写程序,通过扩展有限元功能实现裂纹的自动扩展,通过模拟I型边裂纹和三点弯梁的裂纹的扩展过程,验证了XFEM方法的有效性。同时,模拟了多裂纹的扩展过程。结果表明:方法不仅能够利用Abaqus软件的实现复杂的加载和边界模拟,同时又能体现XFEM在裂纹扩展模拟上的优势,为解决实际复杂问题提供了途径。
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (2016M592642)Project from Chongqing Education Commission (KJ1600305)+3 种基金Chongqing Basic Science and Advanced Technology Research (cstc2016jcyjAX0003)the Start-up Foundation for Doctors of Chongqing Normal University (15XLB010, 15XLB014)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51478070, 51108487)the Innovative Research Team of Chongqing (CXTDG201602014)~~
文摘Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4) with efficient photocatalytic activity was synthesized through thermal polymerization of thiourea with the addition of water(CN-W) or ethanol(CN-E) at 550 ℃for 2 h.The physicochemical properties of the g-C3N4 were investigated by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,photoluminescence spectroscopy,diffuse-reflection spectroscopy,BET and BJH surface area characterization,and elemental analysis.The carbon content was found to have self-doped into the g-C3N4 matrix during the thermal polymerization of thiourea and ethanol.CN-W and CN-E showed considerably enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity,with NO removal percentages of 37.2%and 48.3%,respectively.Compared with pure g-C3N4,both the short and long lifetimes of the charge carriers in CN-W and CN-E were found to be prolonged.The mechanism of improved visible-light photocatalytic activity was deduced.The present work may provide a facile route to optimize the microstructure of g-C3N4photocatalysts for high-performance environmental and energy applications.