目的 评价中医药行业具备代表性的社会团体发布量较大的学科类别标准,并发现标准存在的问题。方法 在“中医药标准与指南信息服务平台”上,通过文献调研法和目的性抽样法选取中华中医药学会发布的中药类标准。使用中医药团体标准评价体...目的 评价中医药行业具备代表性的社会团体发布量较大的学科类别标准,并发现标准存在的问题。方法 在“中医药标准与指南信息服务平台”上,通过文献调研法和目的性抽样法选取中华中医药学会发布的中药类标准。使用中医药团体标准评价体系(System of Consortium Standards Rating and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SCORE-TCM)工具对这些标准的制定主体、文本编写、技术内容、推广应用和实施效益五个维度进行评价。结果 中华中医药学会发布的团体标准数量最多,占76.20%(1 710/2 244)。其中,中药标准占比最高,达52.98%(906/1 710)。本次评价的90项标准中,评分中位数为7.53,最大值8.94,最小值5.93,极差3.01(满分10分)。不同标准类别的评分有所差异,例如中药临床应用标准和中药材商品规格等级标准评分较高,中位数分别为8.16和8.07,而中药材GAP(Good Agricultural Practice)技术标准评分较低,中位数为6.28。此外,标准推广应用和实施效益评分呈逐年降低趋势。结论 中华中医药学会发布的中药团体标准对中药产业全链条起到一定的支撑作用,但质量不均一,且在标准的推广应用和实施效益方面仍有较大提升空间。SCORE-TCM工具可用于中药团体标准评估,为今后开展更广泛的中药团体标准评价提供了有效工具。未来可进一步探索在SCORE-TCM工具的评分细则中纳入“标准年龄”因素,助力解决标准制定后便“束之高阁”而不使用的问题。展开更多
本文全面解读了中医药团体标准评价体系(System of Consortium Standards Rating and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine,SCORE-TCM)。SCORE-TCM是结合定性与定量评价,全面评估中医药团体标准在制定主体、文本编写、技术内容...本文全面解读了中医药团体标准评价体系(System of Consortium Standards Rating and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine,SCORE-TCM)。SCORE-TCM是结合定性与定量评价,全面评估中医药团体标准在制定主体、文本编写、技术内容、推广应用和实施效益等几方面特征的综合评价工具。文中详述了SCORE-TCM的构建目的、定义和构建过程,解释了评价指标体系中的各项指标,并对每项指标的评价材料进行介绍。本文旨在帮助中医药团体标准的制定者、第三方评价机构和其他相关方更好地理解SCORE-TCM各评价条目的含义,更有效地运用于中医药团体标准的自评价或第三方评价,SCORE-TCM将为《中医药团体标准管理办法》的贯彻实施,以及中医药团体标准的高质量发展提供技术支持。展开更多
[Objective] This study was to provide basis for the scientific management of land use in Haihe River Basin （HRB） through the quantitative exploration of the land use conversion, changes of intensity and spatial dist...[Objective] This study was to provide basis for the scientific management of land use in Haihe River Basin （HRB） through the quantitative exploration of the land use conversion, changes of intensity and spatial distribution in this region. [Method] With the support of remote sensing technology and geographic information technology, the land use maps of the study area in 40 years （1970-2010） were in- terpreted and plotted. Four kinds of tupu, namely, land use change tupu, process tupu, arising tupu and evolution mode tupu were built through the spatial overlay of the land use maps to analyze the change rules of land use patterns. [Result] The conversion of arable land to construction land was the main characteristics of land use changes in HRB for the 40 years; the area of non-stable region accounted for 35% of the total, indicating that the land use changed remarkably, thus, it was nec- essary to strengthen the scientific land management in HRB; the new conversions to all land use patterns were all the lowest in 1980-1990, indicating that land use changed slowly during this period. [Conclusion] The results indicate that, compared with conventional transfer matrix method, geo-information tupu has obvious advantage in analyzing land use changes that it can demonstrate the spatial distribution of interest region, display the multi-dimensional spatial information.展开更多
文摘目的 评价中医药行业具备代表性的社会团体发布量较大的学科类别标准,并发现标准存在的问题。方法 在“中医药标准与指南信息服务平台”上,通过文献调研法和目的性抽样法选取中华中医药学会发布的中药类标准。使用中医药团体标准评价体系(System of Consortium Standards Rating and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, SCORE-TCM)工具对这些标准的制定主体、文本编写、技术内容、推广应用和实施效益五个维度进行评价。结果 中华中医药学会发布的团体标准数量最多,占76.20%(1 710/2 244)。其中,中药标准占比最高,达52.98%(906/1 710)。本次评价的90项标准中,评分中位数为7.53,最大值8.94,最小值5.93,极差3.01(满分10分)。不同标准类别的评分有所差异,例如中药临床应用标准和中药材商品规格等级标准评分较高,中位数分别为8.16和8.07,而中药材GAP(Good Agricultural Practice)技术标准评分较低,中位数为6.28。此外,标准推广应用和实施效益评分呈逐年降低趋势。结论 中华中医药学会发布的中药团体标准对中药产业全链条起到一定的支撑作用,但质量不均一,且在标准的推广应用和实施效益方面仍有较大提升空间。SCORE-TCM工具可用于中药团体标准评估,为今后开展更广泛的中药团体标准评价提供了有效工具。未来可进一步探索在SCORE-TCM工具的评分细则中纳入“标准年龄”因素,助力解决标准制定后便“束之高阁”而不使用的问题。
文摘本文全面解读了中医药团体标准评价体系(System of Consortium Standards Rating and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine,SCORE-TCM)。SCORE-TCM是结合定性与定量评价,全面评估中医药团体标准在制定主体、文本编写、技术内容、推广应用和实施效益等几方面特征的综合评价工具。文中详述了SCORE-TCM的构建目的、定义和构建过程,解释了评价指标体系中的各项指标,并对每项指标的评价材料进行介绍。本文旨在帮助中医药团体标准的制定者、第三方评价机构和其他相关方更好地理解SCORE-TCM各评价条目的含义,更有效地运用于中医药团体标准的自评价或第三方评价,SCORE-TCM将为《中医药团体标准管理办法》的贯彻实施,以及中医药团体标准的高质量发展提供技术支持。
基金Supported by the Key Technology R&D Program of Hebei Province (10277105D)the Funds of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for Key Topics in Innovation Engineering(KSCX-EW-J-5)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to provide basis for the scientific management of land use in Haihe River Basin （HRB） through the quantitative exploration of the land use conversion, changes of intensity and spatial distribution in this region. [Method] With the support of remote sensing technology and geographic information technology, the land use maps of the study area in 40 years （1970-2010） were in- terpreted and plotted. Four kinds of tupu, namely, land use change tupu, process tupu, arising tupu and evolution mode tupu were built through the spatial overlay of the land use maps to analyze the change rules of land use patterns. [Result] The conversion of arable land to construction land was the main characteristics of land use changes in HRB for the 40 years; the area of non-stable region accounted for 35% of the total, indicating that the land use changed remarkably, thus, it was nec- essary to strengthen the scientific land management in HRB; the new conversions to all land use patterns were all the lowest in 1980-1990, indicating that land use changed slowly during this period. [Conclusion] The results indicate that, compared with conventional transfer matrix method, geo-information tupu has obvious advantage in analyzing land use changes that it can demonstrate the spatial distribution of interest region, display the multi-dimensional spatial information.
