利用ISSR分子标记构建南疆杏种质资源核心种质

【目的】探讨分子水平构建南疆杏核心种质的方法,建立最适核心种质。【方法】以138份南疆杏种质资源为材料,根据SM、Jaccard和Nei&Li遗传距离,采用UPGMA聚类法进行多次聚类,以随机取样策略为对照,利用位点优先取样策略研究核心种质构建的方法;采用丢失的等位基因数以及遗传多样性各指标进行t检验来确定最适构建方法;分别将核心种质与原种质和保留种质进行t检验和遗传多样性比较,以此来评价核心种质的代表性;并用主坐标轴分析法和表型性状对核心种质进行确认。【结果】位点优先取样策略优于随机取样策略;通过Jaccard遗传距离构建的核心种质要优于SM和Nei&Li遗传距离;采用主坐标轴分析法和表型数据分析显示,利用位点优先取样策略和Jaccard遗传距离构建的核心种质能够较全面的代表原种质的遗传多样性;31份核心种质资源,保留了原种质22.46%的样品,多态性位点数、多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s遗传多样性指数和Shannon信息指数的保留率分别达到92.37%、97.62%、98.82%、102.52%、107.17%和106.36%。【结论】采用位点优先取样策略和Jaccard遗传距离进行多次聚类,是较适宜的构建南疆杏种质资源核心种质的方法,构建的31份核心种质能全面代表原种质的遗传多样性。

新疆杏品种开花生物学特性研究

对51个新疆杏品种开花物候期、花粉量、花粉活力、花部器官发育特征及柱头可授性进行了调查研究。结果表明,新疆杏品种花期相对集中,大多持续6～9d,品种间均有3～4d重叠相遇;品种间花粉量与花粉活力差异较大,花粉量在13.2～4 846.9粒/花药,平均为1 449.1粒/花药,花粉萌发率在12.3%～80.1%,平均为52.4%;51个品种均有一定比例的短花柱花或雌蕊退化花,中长花柱花比率平均为59.5%,其中17个品种的中长花柱花比率不足50%,败育率较高;花前3d至开花后6d几乎所有品种都存在柱头可授性,各品种可授性强度虽然不同,但均呈现由弱变强,再由强变弱的趋势,且到达其最强可授性的时间多为花前1d或开花当天,多数品种较强的柱头可授性持续4～7d。

新疆杏品种(系)遗传多样性分析及DNA指纹图谱库构建

【目的】从ISSR分子标记水平分析新疆主栽杏品种(系)的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,构建新疆杏品种(系)的DNA指纹图谱数据库,为杂交育种、品种鉴定和品种分类提供理论依据。【方法】从供试样品中选取表型差异较大的6份材料对100个ISSR引物进行筛选,最终筛选出条带清晰、主带明显、多态性丰富、能够稳定重复且对品种具有较高鉴别力的ISSR特征引物,对48个新疆杏品种(系)进行扩增,采用POPGENE version 1.32软件计算多态性位点数、多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei’s多样性指数(H)和Shannon信息指数(I),及各材料间的Nei’s遗传相似系数(GS)和遗传距离(GD),并利用NTSYS pc version2.10e软件根据Nei’s遗传相似系数采用UPGMA方法进行聚类,以此分析遗传多样性和亲缘关系;利用4个引物特异位点的不同组合及Gel2.0指纹图谱自动识别系统鉴别48个新疆主栽杏品种(系),并利用Gel2.0构建主栽杏品种(系)的DNA指纹图谱库。【结果】从100个ISSR引物中筛选到重复性好、多态性丰富的4个引物作为特征引物,分别为UBC809、UBC836、UBC844和UBC850,共扩增出78个位点,其中73个为多态性位点,平均多态性位点百分率为93.13%,其中引物UBC844多态性位点百分率最高,为100.00%;48个新疆主栽杏品种(系)的观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性和Shannon信息指数的平均值分别为1.9313、1.4368、0.2622和0.4028,说明各品种(系)的遗传多样性相对较丰富。‘黄肉油杏’和‘大五月杏’的遗传相似系数为0.8846,遗传距离为0.1226;‘库曼提’和‘索格佳娜丽’的遗传相似系数为0.5641,遗传距离为0.5725。将4个引物两两组合起来,可快速、准确地鉴别46个杏品种(系),只有‘辣椒杏’和‘伊犁阿克玉吕克’需要3个引物组合才能鉴别出来,利用这4个ISSR特征引物通过Gel2.0指纹图谱自动识别系统构建了48个杏品种(系)的DNA标准指纹图谱数据库。【结论】新疆主栽杏品种(系)的遗传多样性较丰富,亲缘关系相对较近,‘黄肉油杏’和‘大五月杏’的亲缘关系最近,‘库曼提’和‘索格佳娜丽’的亲缘关系最远;且ISSR标记适于新疆主栽杏品种的遗传多样性、亲缘关系分析及构建DNA指纹图谱库;指纹图谱库的建立为杏品种(系)的鉴定及品种真实性和纯度奠定了基础,为新品种登记、注册和品种知识产权保护等提供科学依据。

新疆欧洲李种质资源染色体核型分析

运用常规制片法,以5个新疆欧洲李类型种质资源为研究材料,对其染色体核型特征进行观察测量及数据分析。结果表明：（1）供试的5个欧洲李类型均为六倍体（2n=6x=48）,均含有不同数量的m和sm染色体,相对长度系数均包括L、M2、M1和s等4种类型。（2）5个欧洲李类型染色体的平均臂比范围为1.46~1.69,核型类型均属2B型,核型不对称系数范围为59.13%~62.34%。研究认为,新疆欧洲李核型特征具有种共性的同时,不同类型间也具有一定程度的差异,核型进化趋势总体由对称向不对称发展。在核型特征上,国外引进欧洲李品种与塔城槟子具有较近的亲缘关系,而塔城酸梅与野生欧洲李的亲缘关系较近。

库尔勒香梨两种树形冠层内果实产量与品质差异性分析

【目的】探明库尔勒香梨不同冠层内果实产量与品质的分布规律及其差异性。【方法】应用树冠分格法,对疏散分层形和开心形树形冠层内不同部位的果实产量与品质进行测定与分析。【结果】疏散分层形和开心形平均每株果实产量分别达到138.5、160.1 kg,在冠层中层与外围开心形产量高于疏散分层形,而上层与下层,中部与内膛均低于疏散分层形,开心形的中层与上层,中层与下层,疏散分层形的内膛与中部,内膛与外围其产量均存在极显著差异,其他部位无显著差异;疏散分层形与开心形的平均单果质量分别达到131.57、145.86 g,果形指数均在1.2左右,冠层不同部位,开心形在萼片脱落、色泽黄绿、有红晕、果面光滑等果实外观品质上所占的百分比分别为16%、21.9%、69%、96.1%,均高于疏散分层形;开心形的果实硬度、可滴定酸、VC、可溶性固形物、固酸比分别为7.25 kg/cm2、0.946 g/kg、55.7 mg/kg、12.27%、11.48,均优于疏散分层形;垂直部位,两种树形硬度、可滴定酸、VC、可溶性固形物、固酸比等均存在极显著差异,而水平部位差异不明显。【结论】开心形在产量、果实外观品质以及果实内在品质上均优于疏散分层形。

新疆梨品种与‘库尔勒香梨’授粉亲和性及花粉直感

【目的】探明新疆梨品种与‘库尔勒香梨’的授粉亲和性和花粉直感。【方法】以9个新疆梨品种和‘砀山酥梨’为‘库尔勒香梨’授粉树,对其花粉萌发伸长、坐果率、果实品质等进行研究。【结果】‘库尔勒香梨’与‘绿梨’和‘砀山酥梨’授粉亲和性最好,亲和性与单果质量呈正相关,与果形指数呈负相关‘。库车阿木特‘’艾温切克’和‘绿梨’授粉单果质量最大‘;砀山酥梨‘’绿梨’和‘阿克苏句句梨’授粉果形指数最小‘;绿梨’授粉果实硬度最小‘;库车阿木特’和‘库尔勒黄酸梨’授粉糖酸比最高‘;库车阿木特’授粉可溶性固形物含量最高‘;库尔勒香梨’自花和‘阿克苏句句梨’授粉维生素C含量最高‘;绿梨’和‘砀山酥梨’授粉正常种子数最多,种子数与其果形指数呈显著负相关。【结论‘】绿梨’与‘库尔勒香梨’的亲和性高,单果质量最大、果实硬度最小,糖酸比、可溶性固形物和维生素C含量适中,适宜作为‘库尔勒香梨’授粉品种。

新疆野杏种质资源遗传多样性及亲缘关系的ISSR分析

为了探讨新疆野杏种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,利用ISSR分子标记技术,对新疆伊犁地区3个居群、135份野杏种质资源进行了PCR扩增。研究表明,22条引物共扩增出465条多态性条带,多态性位点百分率为99.49%;从物种水平分析,新疆野杏种质资源的多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性和Shannon信息指数分别为99.57%,1.9957,1.3879,0.2449,0.3874;从居群水平分析,各居群的多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s基因多样性和Shannon信息指数各指标的平均值分别为76.80%,1.7680,1.3463,0.2120和0.3287;3个居群的各项指标均为霍城居群最高,新源居群最低,巩留居群居中;新疆野杏种质资源的遗传变异主要来自于居群内(86.43%),少部分来自于居群间(13.57%);各居群中霍城居群和新源居群亲缘关系最近,遗传分化程度小;新源居群和巩留居群间亲缘关系最远,遗传分化程度大。

新疆杏品种授粉特性研究

采用人工点授法进行田间授粉试验,调查50个新疆杏品种的自然授粉结实能力以及自交亲和性,比较主栽品种轮台白杏与其他49个杏品种间正反交亲和性。结果表明,50个新疆杏品种自然坐果率平均值为6.5%,巴都玉吕克最高,为24.6%。赛买提、乔儿胖、黑叶杏、晚熟胡安娜、洛浦洪德克及特尔湾玉吕克自交坐果率在6.5%~19.1%,表现为自交亲和,其余44个品种自交坐果率为0%~4.5%,表现为自交不亲和。异花授粉中,以轮台白杏为母本的各正交组合坐果率平均值为25.7%,仅阿里瓦拉与轮台白杏不亲和,其余品种授粉轮台白杏坐果率在8.6%~53.6%,其中卡巴克胡安娜为父本坐果率最高。49个反交组合平均坐果率为6.1%,其中33个品种与轮台白杏反交不亲和,19个反交组合坐果率较自然授粉有所提高,轮台白杏授粉后树上干坐果率较高,达26.0%。分析结果表明,新疆杏品种授粉亲和性因品种、授粉方式而异,自然授粉坐果率普遍较低,多数自交不亲和,轮台白杏与其他品种间正反交坐果差异较大,存在反交不亲和现象。

‘新新2’和‘温185’核桃无融合生殖的解剖学研究

【目的】摸清新疆核桃品种无融合生殖的发育特点及类型,为缩短核桃遗传纯化周期、加快核桃优良品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】采用石蜡切片法对‘新新2’和‘温185’2个新疆核桃品种无融合生殖胚乳和胚发育过程中组织结构变化进行观察。【结果】核桃胚囊历经10 d左右发育成熟,具7细胞8核结构;2极核融合后经多次分裂形成胚乳细胞,历经8 d左右。供试的2个品种无融合生殖胚均由卵细胞分裂发育而来,卵细胞经分裂形成2细胞原胚、4细胞原胚、8细胞原胚到多细胞原胚,后期胚胎经球形期、心形期、鱼雷形期、成熟期发育完成,历经10 d左右。【结论】供试的2个核桃品种胚囊属蓼型,无融合生殖胚乳细胞由2极核融合发育而来,属核型胚乳,无融合生殖胚由卵细胞直接发育而来,属孤雌生殖类型。

紫杏花芽形态分化特性研究

【目的】研究紫杏花芽形态分化调研,掌握紫杏与普通杏和樱桃李间的花芽形态分化特性及差异,为紫杏的开发利用提供理论参考。【方法】观察测量紫杏花芽大小及外部形态,采用常规石蜡切片法观察花芽内部形态分化特性。【结果】叶城紫杏的花芽为红褐色,呈椭圆锥形,长为3.06 mm,宽为1.65 mm,6月下旬进入分化初期,7中旬进入萼片分化期和花瓣分化期,8月上旬进入雄蕊和雌蕊分化期,7到9月是花芽分化盛期,10月中旬完成雌蕊分化,各分化时期有交错重叠的现象。【结论】叶城紫杏从花芽开始分化到雌蕊分化完成共需100 d,较晚熟佳娜丽长30 d,较黄果樱桃李长10 d,且叶城紫杏进入各分化阶段的时间及整体分化进程,均要晚于晚熟佳娜丽和黄果樱桃李。

PP333与外源ABA对轮台白杏新梢生长及果实品质的影响

为了探明PP333与外源ABA对轮台白杏新梢生长的抑制作用及对果实品质的影响情况,从而为轮台白杏生长发育调控奠定理论基础,在轮台白杏新梢速长期喷施不同浓度的PP333与ABA,定期观测其新梢与叶片的生长变化特点,待果实成熟后测定各处理的果实品质。结果表明:外施PP333与ABA均能有效抑制新梢的长度、节间长及叶面积,不同程度地增加了新梢粗度及叶绿素值;PP333处理提高了单果质量、果实硬度、总糖、糖酸比及Vc含量,降低了总酸含量;ABA处理提高了果实硬度、总糖、糖酸比及Vc含量,降低了总酸含量,浓度分别为30与60 mg·L^(-1)的ABA处理对单果质量的影响均不明显,而90 mg·L^(-1)ABA处理的单果质量却显著降低;1 000 mg·L^(-1)的PP333处理与60 mg·L^(-1)的ABA处理均能有效抑制新梢生长,并能改善果实品质,可应用于轮台白杏生长发育的调控。

外源ABA对轮台白杏枝条内源激素含量及抗寒性的影响

为研究不同浓度ABA对枝条内源激素含量变化及其与抗寒性的关系。以轮台白杏为试材,在新梢速长期喷施不同浓度ABA,采用酶联免疫吸附法定期测定枝条内ABA、GA、IAA、ZR含量变化,人工低温胁迫下测定休眠期枝条的抗寒性。结果发现,不同浓度ABA处理均提高了轮台白杏枝条内ABA与ZR含量以及ABA/GA与ABA/IAA的比值,而枝条内GA与IAA含量则下降。其中以60 mg/L处理对内源激素的影响最大,其次是90 mg/L处理,而30 mg/L处理对内源激素的影响不明显。同时,60 mg/L与90 mg/L处理显著降低了休眠枝条的半致死温度,分别降低了1.35℃和1.23℃,故能有效提高轮台白杏枝条的抗寒性。

新源野果林主要气象特征和人工更新集雨防草技术研究

本试验在野果林原生境设置自动气象站,测定主要气象指标,分析温度、降雨和光照等主要气象特征;同时选择野果林原生境阳坡、阴坡和平地3种生境类型试验地,分别铺设园艺地布、黑色地膜和挖鱼鳞坑3种处理,研究其保水和抑制杂草效果。主要得出以下结论:试验区气温从4—7月上升,8月10日后开始逐渐下降,最高温出现在7月下旬—8月上旬;试验期间空气相对湿度呈现不均匀变化,极值出现频率较高;光照从4—6月底逐渐上升,且变化范围较大,7月开始下降;表层土壤温度从5—7月中旬逐渐上升,之后开始下降;降雨主要集中在4—6月,其降雨约占试验期降雨量的65.63%;铺膜和挖鱼鳞坑处理均能不同程度地提高土层0~60 cm的含水量,其中,铺园艺地布、铺黑色地膜、鱼鳞坑处理下0~60 cm平均土壤含水量较CK分别提高20.33%,13.45%,8.58%;3种处理对不同试验地的土壤含水量影响略有差别;阴坡和平地土壤含水量随土壤深度的增加而下降,阳坡则相反;土壤含水量与环境因子密切相关,阳坡与平地土壤含水量与气温、空气相对湿度、土壤温度和降雨量显著相关,阴坡仅与气温、空气相对湿度和降雨量显著相关;铺地布和地膜的防草效果极显著,均达到100%。

Analysis on the Composition and Structure of Branches of Two Kinds of Tree Shapes in Korla Fragrant Pear

ObjectiveThe thesis aims at investigating the distribution and structural characteristics of various branches in canopy of Korla fragrant pear. MethodStatistic work and analysis were conducted on the numbers and distribution characteristics of various branches in each cubic lattice by using the canopy cellular method. ResultThe results showed that： The total number of scaffold branches of evacuation layered tree shape was 97, which mainly distributed in the lower layer and middle part of the canopy; the total number of scaffold branches of open-center tree shape was 94, which mainly distributed in the lower layer and middle part of the canopy. The total number of annual branches of evacuation layered tree shape was 3 920, which mainly distributed in the middle layer and outer part of the canopy; and the total number of annual branches of the open-center tree shape was 3 183, which mainly distributed in middle layer and outer part of the canopy. The total number of perennial branches of evacuation layered tree shape was 2 184, which mainly distributed in lower layer and outer part of the canopy; the total number of perennial branches of open-center tree shape was 1 444, which mainly distributed in middle layer and outer part of the canopy. ConclusionThe total number and the distribution positions of scaffold branches in the canopy of each tree shape were basically the same. The total numbers of annual branches of the two kinds of tree shapes were different, but the distribution positions were basically the same. The total numbers and the distribution positions of perennial branches in the canopy of the two kinds of tree shapes were different.

PP333对轮台白杏枝条内源激素含量及抗寒性的影响

为探讨PP333对轮台白杏枝条内源激素含量的影响,以及与抗寒性的关系,在轮台白杏新梢速长期喷施不同浓度PP333,采用酶联免疫法定期测定枝条内脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)含量的变化,人工低温胁迫下测定休眠期枝条的抗寒性,分析不同浓度PP333对枝条内源激素含量变化及其与抗寒的关系。结果表明,1 000mg/L PP333处理后,枝条内ABA含量及ABA/GA、ABA/IAA显著增加,而GA与IAA含量明显下降。1 000mg/L PP333处理对轮台白杏的抗寒有明显的促进作用。

Analysis of Genetic Relationships in Prunus domestica L. in Xinjiang Using ISSR Markers

[Objective] This paper aimed to explore the genetic relationships among different types of Prunus domestica L. in Xinjiang. [Method] The inter-simple se- quence repeat （ISSR） markers were applied to analyze the genetic diversity and relationships among 30 individual plants from 5 types of P. domestica germpiasm resources in Xinjiang. [Result] A total of 317 bands were amplified by 16 selected IS- SR primers. Among the amplified bands, there were 246 polymorphic bands, accounting for 77.60% of the total. The Nei＇s gene diversity index （H） of individuals was 0.266 6. The average Shannon＇s information index （I） of individuals was 0.399 1. And most of the genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.555 2 to 0.996 8. It is indicated that the P. domestica germplasm resources have a certain genetic diversity in Xinjiang. The cluster analysis showed that, at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.719, the 30 individuals were divided into 3 major groups, including a group of introduced European plum varieties, a group of Tacheng Smoked Plum and Tacheng Binzi and a group of Jiashi Smoked Plum and Wild European Plum. While at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.949, Jiashi Smoked Plum and Wild European Plum were divided into two small groups. [Conclusion] There are very close genetic relationships between Jiashi Smoked Plum and Wild European Plum, and among the introduced European plum varieties, Tacheng Smoked Plum and Tacheng Binzi.

早春短命植物绵果荠无菌苗组织培养相关因素研究

为建立绵果荠(Lachnoloma lehmannii)无菌苗培养体系,以种子作为试验材料,对不同消毒方法的效果进行了比较,并对影响种子萌发、幼苗生长相关因素进行了探讨。结果表明,1)种子消毒适宜方法为种子流水冲洗1～2min,70%酒精浸泡1min,0.1%HgCl2消毒1.5min;2)光照对种子萌发有促进作用,而幼苗的不同部位对光照有不同响应;3)种子萌发对低温有依赖性,而幼苗生长需要一定的高温;4)适宜激素对种子萌发有促进作用,而幼苗的不同部位对激素有不同反应。因此,绵果荠种子萌发和幼苗生长适合培养体系为把种子消毒后接种无激素的MS,放在变温为15℃/5℃的光照条件下培养4～5d,萌发后转至温度为(25±1)℃的光照条件下培养,发芽率达到90%,比对照高16%,且幼苗长势良好。

新疆6个天然居群野生沙棘果实性状多样性研究

【目的】揭示新疆不同居群野生沙棘资源的遗传多样性和变异规律,为其开发利用和保护提供参考。【方法】对新疆阿勒泰、伊犁、阿克苏等地野生沙棘共6个居群48个单株的8个果实性状进行测量,采用变异系数、多样性指数、巢式方差分析、主成分分析等方法对其多样性进行分析。【结果】新疆野生沙棘果实性状在居群内和居群间存在丰富的多样性,居群间果实性状分化均值为37.23%,小于居群内的62.77%;性状分化系数最大的是总酸含量(65.57%),最小的是果肉颜色(5.83%)。Simpson指数和Shannon-weaver指数均为哈巴河居群最大。果实性状平均变异系数为40.11%,变异幅度为21.77%~74.34%,各性状变异系数之间差异较大,其中果实颜色平均变异系数最大(74.34%),总糖含量平均变异系数最小(21.77%)。果实颜色、种子颜色、总酸含量、总糖含量前4个主成分累计贡献率为81.46%。【结论】新疆野生沙棘果实性状存在较高的差异及分化,果实颜色的性状变异最大;居群内的变异是新疆野生沙棘果实性状变异的主要来源;哈巴河居群果实性状多样性最丰富,果实性状差异主要体现在果实颜色、种子颜色、总酸含量、总糖含量等。

‘库尔勒香梨’3种树形树干液流变化及其与气象因子的关系

【目的】探究‘库尔勒香梨’3种树形树干液流与气象因子的变化关系,了解树体蒸腾耗水特性,为梨园科学的水分管理提供理论依据。【方法】运用PS-TDP8型热耗散式树干液流测定系统连续监测树干液流,并采用Davis自动气象站同步连续监测光照强度、空气温度、空气相对湿度3个气象因子,分析二者的相互关系。【结果】‘库尔勒香梨’3种树形树干液流量呈明显的昼高夜低起伏趋势。不同树形树干液流量存在差异,3种树形树干液流量均值和峰值大小为疏散分层形>棚架形>开心形。树干液流量的变化与气象因子的变化相关,棚架形和疏散分层形树干液流量与气象因子的相关程度依次为光照强度>空气温度>水汽压亏缺>空气相对湿度,开心形树干液流量与气象因子的相关程度依次为水汽压亏缺>光照强度>空气温度>空气相对湿度。树干液流量的变化与气象因子的变化不同步,存在时滞现象,3种树形树干液流量的变化均滞后于光照强度,早于空气温度和水汽压亏缺的变化。【结论】‘库尔勒香梨’树干液流量呈昼高夜低的变化趋势,开心形树干液流量最小,变化幅度最小。气象因子对3种树形树干液流量的变化存在显著影响,光照强度和空气温度对液流量的影响最大。

Differences in Light Response Curve and CO_2 Response Curve of Korla Fragrant Pear Trees in Different Training Systems

[Objective] This study was conducted to evaluate three training systems for Korla fragrant pear trees by comparing the characteristic parameters of light response curve and CO2 response curve, and to provide some theoretical basis for improving the pruning techniques of Korla fragrant pear trees. [Method] The light response curve and CO2 response curve of the trees trained to three systems were measured by LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The SPAD value was measured using SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter, and specific leaf weight was calculated, to evaluate the effects of the three training systems. [Result] The CO2 response curves of the three training systems were basically in agreement with their light response curves, but there were some differences in their characteristic parameters. Among the three training systems, the maximum net photosynthetic rate, apparent quantum yield and light compensation point of espalier trained trees were the highest, while their light saturation point was the lowest. The CO2 saturation point of delayed-open central leader trained trees and open center trained trees were 1 752 and 1 665 μmol/mol, both of which were much higher than that of espalier trained trees. In addition, the carboxylation efficiency and photorespiration rate of espalier trained trees were both higher than those of delayed-open central leader trained trees and open center trained trees, while the CO2 compensation point of espalier trained trees was the lowest. The leaf SPAD value of espalier trained trees was the largest, followed by that of open center trained trees, and the leaf SPAD value of delayed-open central leader trained trees was the smallest. In addition, the leaf area and specific leaf weight of espalier trained trees were both the highest, followed by those of open center trained trees. [Conclusion] Among the training systems for Korla fragrant pear trees, the espalier training system had better ability to capture light, higher photosynthetic productivity and strongest adaptability to light environment, and open center training system takes the second place. On the contrary, delayed-open central leader training system has the weakest adaptability to light environment, but it can adapt to a higher CO2 concentration. In summary, for the training of Korla fragrant pear trees, espalier training system, which has the highest theoretical yield, is the best among the three training systems, and delayed-open central leader training system is the worst.