The Effect of Three New Fungicides against Rice Sheath Blight in Field Experiment

[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of three new fungicides against rice sheath blight in field experiment. [Methods] The experiment set up 7 treatments with three times of repetition and designed by random grouping. By using 5 sampling points in each plot, and investigating continuous 4 holes of each point, total plants, diseased plants and disease degrees were recorded. Then disease index and control efficiency were calculated, and variance analysis was carried out. [Results] 300 or 450 ml/hm^2 azoxystrobin ＋ difenoconazole 325 g/L SC had better control efficiency to rice sheath blight and had no phytotoxicity effect, we should use it at the initial disease stage and continuously spray 2-3 times. [Conclusion] The experiment provided a theoretical basis for controlling rice sheath blight using fungicides.

冬季不同尾水受纳河道水环境变化特征分析

为探究不同污水厂尾水受纳河道水环境变化特征,分别采集4组受纳河道的33个样品,测定COD_(Mn)、TN、TP、NH_(3)-N、Chl-a 5项指标,结合高通量测序,分析沿程水质变化、富营养化特征及细菌群落结构变化。结果表明:尾水排口处引起的污染物浓度变化在距离排口50~100 m恢复至背景值,但TN始终高于背景值;尾水补充使细菌丰富度及多样性增加,但优势门类占比下降且相对丰度改变,距离排口50~100 m处占比回升,Proteobacteria成为绝对优势菌门;属水平上,背景断面优势菌属相对丰度随着尾水排入均出现下降,Rhodovulum、Pseudoalteromonas、Massilia占比与富营养化指数显著负相关(P<0.05);当排放比例≥50%时,距离排口100 m处细菌群落结构与尾水排口处相似度更高。此外,尾水可能带来大量其他菌种,增加河道生态风险。