光学传感技术在熔池信息检测中的应用

列出了近期国内外研究人员在熔池信息检测中所研制和应用的光学传感技术,如脉冲激光频闪法、红外检测法、同轴检测法、普通摄像机直接检测法。分析了各种方法的优缺点,并展望了光学传感器在未来焊接熔池信息检测中的应用前景及下一步研究工作的方向。

富氩气保焊熔池信息视觉检测方法试验研究

分析研究了弧焊熔池信息视觉传感方法以及取像机理。针对短路过渡和射流过渡熔池视觉信息,提出了综合利用熔池自身辐射光,在近红外波段取像的思路。试验中采用了基于三种不同机理的四种窄带复合滤光系统,比较得出了近红外区为最佳的取像窗口,该窗口应尽量接近CCD最大检测波长。在该窗口内,取得了清晰的熔池区图像。同时探索了熔池信息视觉传感信噪比及其影响因素,并对富氩气保焊熔池的特征进行了分析研究。

射流过渡熔池视觉检测与轮廓提取

分析研究了弧焊熔池视觉传感方法。针对射流过渡熔池,分别采用405nm和1064nm窄带滤光片组成的复合滤光系统取得了各自的熔池图像,比较发现采用1064nm的复合窄带滤光系统取得了清晰的熔池图像。分析了射流过渡熔池图像特征,基于该特征,通过高斯滤波、灰度拉伸和边缘检测等计算机图像处理技术,获得了清晰、连续的熔池轮廓。

Method of visional detecting MAG weld pool information

A theoretical analysis of the visional detecting weld pool information and image-getting mechanisms were presented. Four kinds of composite narrow-band filters based on three kinds of mechanism were adopted in consideration of short-circuiting transfer and spray transfer. After studying the ways for sensing the visional signals of the weld pool, the best filter window was obtained. From the window images with distinct weld pool area were acquired. In addition, image-getting mechanisms for passive light source to detect visional information of weld pool were explored, and then the characters of weld pool of MAG were analyzed.