蒸散是水循环和能量循环的重要过程,也是连接土壤-植被-大气系统的关键纽带。气候变化背景下,蒸散的时空分布研究可为地区水资源合理配置及应对气候变化提供科学基础。本文基于结合GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)数据...蒸散是水循环和能量循环的重要过程,也是连接土壤-植被-大气系统的关键纽带。气候变化背景下,蒸散的时空分布研究可为地区水资源合理配置及应对气候变化提供科学基础。本文基于结合GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)数据的水量平衡方法模拟黄土高原汾沁地区2003—2015年蒸散量,并分析其不同时间尺度的变化特征,结果表明:(1)结合水储量变化的水量平衡方法与忽略水储量变化的水量平衡方法模拟所得蒸散相比,前者时间序列上波动更平稳(变异系数、标准差、极端值分别减少0.12,5.50mm,3.20%),可更精确地反映汾沁地区实际蒸散在年和季节尺度上的变化规律;(2)研究区2003—2015年均蒸散量为530.19mm,空间分布上由北向南大致增加,年际波动较平稳(变异系数为0.08),其中2010年蒸散量最低(478.22mm),2011年蒸散量最高(614.57mm);(3)季节尺度上,夏季平均蒸散量最高(263.36mm),占全年蒸散量的49.67%,波动较平稳;冬季蒸散量最低(19.50mm),离散程度较大;(4)汾沁地区2003—2015年蒸散变化主要受温度、降水的影响,其年际波动主要与降水相关。展开更多
Changes in regional moisture patterns under the impact of climate change are an important focus for science. Based on the five global climate models (GCMs) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Ph...Changes in regional moisture patterns under the impact of climate change are an important focus for science. Based on the five global climate models (GCMs) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), this paper projects trends in the area of arid/humid climate regions of China over the next 100 years. It also identifies the regions of arid/humid patterns change and analyzes their temperature sensitivity of responses. Results show that future change will be characterized by a significant contraction in the humid region and an expansion of arid/humid transition zones. In particular, the sub-humid region will expand by 28.69% in the long term (2070-2099) relative to the baseline period (1981-2010). Under 2°C and 4°C warming, the area of the arid/humid transition zones is projected to increase from 10.17% to 13.72% of the total of China. The humid region south of the Huaihe River Basin, which is affected mainly by a future increase in evapotranspiration, will retreat southward and change to a sub-humid region. In general, the sensitivity of responses of arid/humid patterns to climate change in China will intensify with accelerating global warming.展开更多
Natural variation has caused disaster on human society since the human beings appeared on the earth [1,2].Especially,more significant changes in environmental elements have been occurred under global change [3,4],whic...Natural variation has caused disaster on human society since the human beings appeared on the earth [1,2].Especially,more significant changes in environmental elements have been occurred under global change [3,4],which further increases the stress on social economic [5].The World Economic Forum reported that the annual global death count from natural disasters is about 60,000, or 0.1% of global death.展开更多
Climate change will bring huge risks to human society and the economy.Regional climate change risk assessment is an important basic analysis for addressing climate change,which can be expressed as a regional system of...Climate change will bring huge risks to human society and the economy.Regional climate change risk assessment is an important basic analysis for addressing climate change,which can be expressed as a regional system of comprehensive climate change risk.This study establishes regional systems of climate change risks under the proposed global warming targets.Results of this work are spatial patterns of climate change risks in China,indicated by the degree of climate change and the status of the risk receptors.Therefore,the risks show significant spatial differences.The high-risk regions are mainly distributed in East,South,and central China,while the medium-high risk regions are found in North and southwestern China.Under the 2℃warming target,more than 1/4 of China’s area would be at high and medium-high risk,which is more severe than under the 1.5℃warming target,and would extend to the western and northern regions.This work provides regional risk characteristics of climate change under different global warming targets as a foundation for dealing with climate change.展开更多
Land surface is of spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Terrestrial system（TS） comprehensively studies on land surface and physical regionalization objectively describes geographical zonation of the system. China has a v...Land surface is of spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Terrestrial system（TS） comprehensively studies on land surface and physical regionalization objectively describes geographical zonation of the system. China has a vast area with apparent spatial variations in resources and environmental conditions, which highly influence on socio-economic development. In this paper, progress of the TS studies in China is overviewed and research priorities in the near future are prospected. Since the 1950 s, China has paid great attention to the TS study as its socio-economic development, and conducted research on physical geographical regionalization, eco-geographical regionalization and comprehensive regionalization. Along with the deepening of global change research, dynamics of TS have been highly concerned. During the studies, methodology has been developed from qualitative research of integration of experts＇ brainpower gradually to quantitative research based on field observation and experiments of the natural processes, including physical, chemical and biological processes, as well as application of information technology and mathematical simulation. In the near future, TS would combine with the ideology, objectives and key researches of Future Earth program, to focus on the mechanism and regional effects of interaction among land surface elements, the response of TS to global change, the quantitative recognition on regional unit boundary, and the application to TS in sustainable socio-economic development.展开更多
文摘蒸散是水循环和能量循环的重要过程,也是连接土壤-植被-大气系统的关键纽带。气候变化背景下,蒸散的时空分布研究可为地区水资源合理配置及应对气候变化提供科学基础。本文基于结合GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)数据的水量平衡方法模拟黄土高原汾沁地区2003—2015年蒸散量,并分析其不同时间尺度的变化特征,结果表明:(1)结合水储量变化的水量平衡方法与忽略水储量变化的水量平衡方法模拟所得蒸散相比,前者时间序列上波动更平稳(变异系数、标准差、极端值分别减少0.12,5.50mm,3.20%),可更精确地反映汾沁地区实际蒸散在年和季节尺度上的变化规律;(2)研究区2003—2015年均蒸散量为530.19mm,空间分布上由北向南大致增加,年际波动较平稳(变异系数为0.08),其中2010年蒸散量最低(478.22mm),2011年蒸散量最高(614.57mm);(3)季节尺度上,夏季平均蒸散量最高(263.36mm),占全年蒸散量的49.67%,波动较平稳;冬季蒸散量最低(19.50mm),离散程度较大;(4)汾沁地区2003—2015年蒸散变化主要受温度、降水的影响,其年际波动主要与降水相关。
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2017YFC1502904National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41530749,No.41571043
文摘Changes in regional moisture patterns under the impact of climate change are an important focus for science. Based on the five global climate models (GCMs) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), this paper projects trends in the area of arid/humid climate regions of China over the next 100 years. It also identifies the regions of arid/humid patterns change and analyzes their temperature sensitivity of responses. Results show that future change will be characterized by a significant contraction in the humid region and an expansion of arid/humid transition zones. In particular, the sub-humid region will expand by 28.69% in the long term (2070-2099) relative to the baseline period (1981-2010). Under 2°C and 4°C warming, the area of the arid/humid transition zones is projected to increase from 10.17% to 13.72% of the total of China. The humid region south of the Huaihe River Basin, which is affected mainly by a future increase in evapotranspiration, will retreat southward and change to a sub-humid region. In general, the sensitivity of responses of arid/humid patterns to climate change in China will intensify with accelerating global warming.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1508801)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA19040304)。
文摘Natural variation has caused disaster on human society since the human beings appeared on the earth [1,2].Especially,more significant changes in environmental elements have been occurred under global change [3,4],which further increases the stress on social economic [5].The World Economic Forum reported that the annual global death count from natural disasters is about 60,000, or 0.1% of global death.
基金The National Key R&D Program of China,No.2018YFC1509002The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA19040304。
文摘Climate change will bring huge risks to human society and the economy.Regional climate change risk assessment is an important basic analysis for addressing climate change,which can be expressed as a regional system of comprehensive climate change risk.This study establishes regional systems of climate change risks under the proposed global warming targets.Results of this work are spatial patterns of climate change risks in China,indicated by the degree of climate change and the status of the risk receptors.Therefore,the risks show significant spatial differences.The high-risk regions are mainly distributed in East,South,and central China,while the medium-high risk regions are found in North and southwestern China.Under the 2℃warming target,more than 1/4 of China’s area would be at high and medium-high risk,which is more severe than under the 1.5℃warming target,and would extend to the western and northern regions.This work provides regional risk characteristics of climate change under different global warming targets as a foundation for dealing with climate change.
基金Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41530749
文摘Land surface is of spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Terrestrial system（TS） comprehensively studies on land surface and physical regionalization objectively describes geographical zonation of the system. China has a vast area with apparent spatial variations in resources and environmental conditions, which highly influence on socio-economic development. In this paper, progress of the TS studies in China is overviewed and research priorities in the near future are prospected. Since the 1950 s, China has paid great attention to the TS study as its socio-economic development, and conducted research on physical geographical regionalization, eco-geographical regionalization and comprehensive regionalization. Along with the deepening of global change research, dynamics of TS have been highly concerned. During the studies, methodology has been developed from qualitative research of integration of experts＇ brainpower gradually to quantitative research based on field observation and experiments of the natural processes, including physical, chemical and biological processes, as well as application of information technology and mathematical simulation. In the near future, TS would combine with the ideology, objectives and key researches of Future Earth program, to focus on the mechanism and regional effects of interaction among land surface elements, the response of TS to global change, the quantitative recognition on regional unit boundary, and the application to TS in sustainable socio-economic development.
