The low-density imaging performance of a zone plate-based nano-resolution hard x-ray computed tomography(CT)system can be significantly improved by incorporating a grating-based Lau interferometer. Due to the diffract...The low-density imaging performance of a zone plate-based nano-resolution hard x-ray computed tomography(CT)system can be significantly improved by incorporating a grating-based Lau interferometer. Due to the diffraction, however,the acquired nano-resolution phase signal may suffer splitting problem, which impedes the direct reconstruction of phase contrast CT(nPCT) images. To overcome, a new model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm is developed in this study. In it, the diffraction procedure is mathematically modeled into a matrix B, from which the projections without signal splitting can be generated invertedly. Furthermore, a penalized weighted least-square model with total variation(PWLSTV) is employed to denoise these projections, from which nPCT images with high accuracy are directly reconstructed.Numerical experiments demonstrate that this new algorithm is able to work with phase projections having any splitting distances. Moreover, results also reveal that nPCT images of higher signal-to-noise-ratio(SNR) could be reconstructed from projections having larger splitting distances. In summary, a novel model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm with high accuracy and robustness is verified for the Lau interferometer-based hard x-ray nano-resolution phase contrast imaging.展开更多
磁共振成像理论自1973年由诺贝尔获奖者Paul C. Lauterbur教授奠定以来,历经近半个世纪,在硬件系统和成像方法上均得到飞速发展,成为无创获取生物体组织形态、功能、代谢等多层次信息的强大医学影像工具。近年来,脑科学研究以及心血管...磁共振成像理论自1973年由诺贝尔获奖者Paul C. Lauterbur教授奠定以来,历经近半个世纪,在硬件系统和成像方法上均得到飞速发展,成为无创获取生物体组织形态、功能、代谢等多层次信息的强大医学影像工具。近年来,脑科学研究以及心血管与肿瘤等重大疾病精准诊断的迫切需求,对磁共振成像的时空分辨率以及信噪比提出更高的要求。开发快速、高分辨的高场磁共振成像技术与仪器设备成为前沿科学研究和高质量临床诊断的关键。本篇综述将以成像信息技术为核心,从硬件系统部件和快速成像方法两条主线入手,分别介绍磁体、梯度、谱仪、射频等关键部件的发展和挑战,以及前沿快速成像方法的技术突破和高级应用,同时分析超高场磁共振系统在前沿科学研究中的重要价值和面临的技术瓶颈。高场磁共振系统是医疗设备中涉及学科交叉最多、技术体系最复杂、门槛最高的领域之一,是"中国制造2025"高端医疗装备制造的重要目标,因而实现快速高清晰磁共振成像的技术创新突破、形成高场磁共振整机制造能力,具有重大科学意义和产业价值。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12027812)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2021A1515111031)。
文摘The low-density imaging performance of a zone plate-based nano-resolution hard x-ray computed tomography(CT)system can be significantly improved by incorporating a grating-based Lau interferometer. Due to the diffraction, however,the acquired nano-resolution phase signal may suffer splitting problem, which impedes the direct reconstruction of phase contrast CT(nPCT) images. To overcome, a new model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm is developed in this study. In it, the diffraction procedure is mathematically modeled into a matrix B, from which the projections without signal splitting can be generated invertedly. Furthermore, a penalized weighted least-square model with total variation(PWLSTV) is employed to denoise these projections, from which nPCT images with high accuracy are directly reconstructed.Numerical experiments demonstrate that this new algorithm is able to work with phase projections having any splitting distances. Moreover, results also reveal that nPCT images of higher signal-to-noise-ratio(SNR) could be reconstructed from projections having larger splitting distances. In summary, a novel model-driven nPCT image reconstruction algorithm with high accuracy and robustness is verified for the Lau interferometer-based hard x-ray nano-resolution phase contrast imaging.
文摘磁共振成像理论自1973年由诺贝尔获奖者Paul C. Lauterbur教授奠定以来,历经近半个世纪,在硬件系统和成像方法上均得到飞速发展,成为无创获取生物体组织形态、功能、代谢等多层次信息的强大医学影像工具。近年来,脑科学研究以及心血管与肿瘤等重大疾病精准诊断的迫切需求,对磁共振成像的时空分辨率以及信噪比提出更高的要求。开发快速、高分辨的高场磁共振成像技术与仪器设备成为前沿科学研究和高质量临床诊断的关键。本篇综述将以成像信息技术为核心,从硬件系统部件和快速成像方法两条主线入手,分别介绍磁体、梯度、谱仪、射频等关键部件的发展和挑战,以及前沿快速成像方法的技术突破和高级应用,同时分析超高场磁共振系统在前沿科学研究中的重要价值和面临的技术瓶颈。高场磁共振系统是医疗设备中涉及学科交叉最多、技术体系最复杂、门槛最高的领域之一,是"中国制造2025"高端医疗装备制造的重要目标,因而实现快速高清晰磁共振成像的技术创新突破、形成高场磁共振整机制造能力,具有重大科学意义和产业价值。
