To remedy the empirical pitfalls of current chinese specifications and MUTCD 2009 guidelines in determining the placement distance of freeway exit advance guide signs,the driving maneuver of exiting traffic is analyze...To remedy the empirical pitfalls of current chinese specifications and MUTCD 2009 guidelines in determining the placement distance of freeway exit advance guide signs,the driving maneuver of exiting traffic is analyzed and the factors influencing placement distance are explored.Variables including the number of lanes,lane width,lane-changing time,driver＇s visual characteristics,sign installation methods and operating speeds on both freeway mainlines and exit ramps are found significant in explaining exit safety.Three different installation methods,namely ground installation,overhead installation and median installation,are introduced and their applicable conditions are given.Models,with the same structure among the three installation methods,are developed to compute the placement distance under different roadway geometric and traffic conditions.Taking overhead installation as an example,simulation results in TSIS-CORSIM show that the proposed distance reduces the number of lane changes in the area from the ramp nose to 500 m upstream by 58.93% compared with current Chinese specifications and 27.35% compared with MUTCD 2009 guidelines.Thus,the distances recommended in this paper have a better safety performance.展开更多
基金Project of Florida Department of Transportation(No.BD54438)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2006BAJ18B03)
文摘To remedy the empirical pitfalls of current chinese specifications and MUTCD 2009 guidelines in determining the placement distance of freeway exit advance guide signs,the driving maneuver of exiting traffic is analyzed and the factors influencing placement distance are explored.Variables including the number of lanes,lane width,lane-changing time,driver＇s visual characteristics,sign installation methods and operating speeds on both freeway mainlines and exit ramps are found significant in explaining exit safety.Three different installation methods,namely ground installation,overhead installation and median installation,are introduced and their applicable conditions are given.Models,with the same structure among the three installation methods,are developed to compute the placement distance under different roadway geometric and traffic conditions.Taking overhead installation as an example,simulation results in TSIS-CORSIM show that the proposed distance reduces the number of lane changes in the area from the ramp nose to 500 m upstream by 58.93% compared with current Chinese specifications and 27.35% compared with MUTCD 2009 guidelines.Thus,the distances recommended in this paper have a better safety performance.
文摘为探索高速公路出口事故发生的关键诱因,依托美国佛罗里达州24条高速公路上405个出口匝道的历史事故和道路交通数据,验证了出口匝道事故服从于对数正态分布.以匝道交通量、匝道长度和设计一致性(分别以平均半径、曲率变化率、运行速度差和运行速度变化率度量)为解释变量,以2004—2006年间事故数为因变量,建立了4个泊松对数正态事故预测模型,其中以速度变化率表征设计一致性的事故预测模型具有最好的拟合度.基于最优拟合度模型的弹性分析表明,运行速度变化率及匝道长度为关键因素;基于安全考虑,出口匝道速度变化率宜控制在20%以内,出口匝道极限最小长度不宜小于200 m,一般最小长度不宜小于400 m.
