九宫山红椿种群数量动态及预测

通过对九宫山惟一红椿(Toona ciliata Roem.)种群进行调查和数据统计分析,绘制了红椿自然种群的龄级结构图,量化分析了种群各龄级间个体数量、变化动态,编制了种群的特定时间生命表,分析了存活曲线、种群生存函数;运用时间序列模型预测红椿种群数量动态。结果表明,(1)Ⅰ龄级存活植株占总存活植株的45.64%,Ⅱ~Ⅳ龄级占28.20%,Ⅴ~Ⅵ龄级占13.33%,Ⅶ~Ⅻ龄级占12.82%;个体数量变化动态指数VⅠ最高,为62.92%,除V_(Ⅳ)和V_Ⅴ2个龄级间波动外,V_(pi)=45.96%,V_(pi′)=3.83%>0。(2)种群存活曲线:N_x=8.448 e^(-0.09x),R^2=0.956,符合DeeveyⅡ型存活曲线,说明种群在生活史各个阶段具有较为稳定的死亡率。(3)生存率函数S(i)单调下降,积累死亡率F_((i))呈单调上升,两者下降和上升的幅度前5个龄级高于后期,F_((i))到Ⅵ龄级达0.881。死亡密度函数f_((ti))随龄级逐渐下降,到Ⅷ龄级后稳定在0.003。危险率函数λ_((ti))出现Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅺ龄级的3个峰值,均为0.250,龄级结构和动态分析的趋势一致。(4)对Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅷ龄级动态预测表明,种群各龄级个体数量呈增加-下降-平稳变化,种群趋于老龄化。总之,九宫山红椿种群受特定环境影响,改善了红椿林下幼苗在生长过程中的光照条件,光照环境筛和竞争成为中间龄级植株的抑制条件,因此该种群为增长型种群,但趋于老龄化。在管理上应针对不同阶段种群生长发育特征,采取适当措施,使种群健康发展。

Riverine Ecology Restoration through Ecological Engineering and Naturalization

[Objective] The aim was to improve and restore destroyed riverine and water ecosystem and to prevent bio-diversity from deteriorating in Jari demonstration plot in Ethiopia. [Method] Biological engineering and naturalization were made use of to protect nature and restore wetland as per Succession Theory. [Result] Both of eco- environment and eco-functions of Mille River were restored through reconstruction of biocenosis in wetlands. [Conclusion] It is feasible to implement matched ecological projects in semiarid regions in East Africa, providing references for restoration and protection of local water resources.

Research of Ecological Restoration of Jari Agricultural Demonstration Site in Ethiopia

In order to resolve the issue of soil erosion in East African plateau, a micro-landscape irrigation region was established in Ethiopia plateau to research status quo of agricultural demonstration site in Jari in Ethiopia and to analyze the relation between structure and function of inner elements in different landscapes of demonstration site. Furthermore, in accordance with ecology, silviculture, agriculture and economics, the ecological landscapes were classified as per landscape functions; lands returning from farming were classified and re-used; ecosystems of grassland, river, agriculture and courtyard were researched; the feasibility of ecological restoration and sustainable development in demonstration site was demonstrated; the model for rational irrigation and water conservation was proposed. The research guarantees sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry and provides references for undeveloped countries with similar problems.

通山县富水湖旅游开发问题与对策思考

分析了富水湖旅游开发状况、优势以及存在的问题,建议以富水湖碧水青山、湖光岛影、乡村风光为背景,以湖泊水体、湿地公园、地质公园和核电工程为载体,以湖泊观光、水上运动、休闲娱乐、滨湖度假、乡村体验为特色,提出了突出资源优势,走精品名牌发展之路;突出规划引领,走生态旅游发展之路;突出区位优势,走产业集群发展之路;突出开发特色,走差异化发展之路;突出龙头作用,走大项目开发之路等对策,将富水湖打造成为国家级风景名胜区,国家5A级旅游景区,从而实现打造通山生态旅游新亮点的目标。