Previous studies have shown that there is an obvious coupling relationship between the installation location of the external cathode and the magnetic separatrix in the plume region of a Hall thruster.In this paper,the...Previous studies have shown that there is an obvious coupling relationship between the installation location of the external cathode and the magnetic separatrix in the plume region of a Hall thruster.In this paper,the particle-in-cell simulation method is used to compare the thruster discharge process under the conditions of different position relationships between the cathode and the magnetic separatrix.By comparing the distribution of electron conduction,potential,plasma density and other microscopic parameters,we try to explain the formation mechanism of the discharge difference.The simulation results show that the cathode inside and outside the magnetic separatrix has a significant effect on the distribution of potential and plasma density.When the cathode is located on the outer side of the magnetic separatrix,the potential above the plume region is relatively low,and there is a strong potential gradient above the plume region.This potential gradient is more conducive to the radial diffusion of ions above the plume,which is the main reason for the strong divergence of the plume.The distribution of ion density is also consistent with the distribution of potential.When the cathode is located on the outer side of the magnetic separatrix,the radial diffusion of ions in the plume region is enhanced.Meanwhile,by comparing the results of electron conduction,it is found that the traiectories of electrons emitted from the cathode are significantly different between the inner and outer sides of the magnetic separatrix.This is mainly because the electrons are affected by the magnetic mirror effect of the magnetic tip,which makes it difficult for the electrons to move across the magnetic separatrix.This is the main reason for the difference in potential distribution.In this paper,the simulation results of macroscopic parameters under several conditions are also compared,and they are consistent with the experimental results.The cathode is located on the inner side of the magnetic separatrix,which can effectively reduce the plume divergence angle and improve the thrust.In this paper,the cathode moves from R=50 mm to R=35 mm along the radial direction,the thrust increases by 3.6 mN and the plume divergence angle decreases by 23.77%.Combined with the comparison of the ionization region and the peak ion density,it is found that the main reason for the change in thrust is the change in the radial diffusion of ions in the plume region.展开更多
相较于水、乙二醇等常规流体,纳米流体出色的传热效果使其成为近十年来研究的热点之一。利用一种反扰动非平衡分子动力学方法对纳米流体的导热增强机理进行了模拟研究。在基液Ar 中加入 Cu 纳米颗粒后,纳米流体的热通量和热导率均发生...相较于水、乙二醇等常规流体,纳米流体出色的传热效果使其成为近十年来研究的热点之一。利用一种反扰动非平衡分子动力学方法对纳米流体的导热增强机理进行了模拟研究。在基液Ar 中加入 Cu 纳米颗粒后,纳米流体的热通量和热导率均发生了不同程度的改变,纳米颗粒体积分数的变化,在一定程度上改变了纳米流体内部的能量传递过程。进一步分析了纳米流体热导率强化的微观作用机理,发现纳米颗粒的加入,使得纳米流体的微观结构具有了类似晶体的微观结构特性,在颗粒尺寸较小的情况下,流体内部受温度梯度作用效应明显。展开更多
基金supported by the Shanghai 2022 Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(No.22YF1446800)。
文摘Previous studies have shown that there is an obvious coupling relationship between the installation location of the external cathode and the magnetic separatrix in the plume region of a Hall thruster.In this paper,the particle-in-cell simulation method is used to compare the thruster discharge process under the conditions of different position relationships between the cathode and the magnetic separatrix.By comparing the distribution of electron conduction,potential,plasma density and other microscopic parameters,we try to explain the formation mechanism of the discharge difference.The simulation results show that the cathode inside and outside the magnetic separatrix has a significant effect on the distribution of potential and plasma density.When the cathode is located on the outer side of the magnetic separatrix,the potential above the plume region is relatively low,and there is a strong potential gradient above the plume region.This potential gradient is more conducive to the radial diffusion of ions above the plume,which is the main reason for the strong divergence of the plume.The distribution of ion density is also consistent with the distribution of potential.When the cathode is located on the outer side of the magnetic separatrix,the radial diffusion of ions in the plume region is enhanced.Meanwhile,by comparing the results of electron conduction,it is found that the traiectories of electrons emitted from the cathode are significantly different between the inner and outer sides of the magnetic separatrix.This is mainly because the electrons are affected by the magnetic mirror effect of the magnetic tip,which makes it difficult for the electrons to move across the magnetic separatrix.This is the main reason for the difference in potential distribution.In this paper,the simulation results of macroscopic parameters under several conditions are also compared,and they are consistent with the experimental results.The cathode is located on the inner side of the magnetic separatrix,which can effectively reduce the plume divergence angle and improve the thrust.In this paper,the cathode moves from R=50 mm to R=35 mm along the radial direction,the thrust increases by 3.6 mN and the plume divergence angle decreases by 23.77%.Combined with the comparison of the ionization region and the peak ion density,it is found that the main reason for the change in thrust is the change in the radial diffusion of ions in the plume region.
文摘相较于水、乙二醇等常规流体,纳米流体出色的传热效果使其成为近十年来研究的热点之一。利用一种反扰动非平衡分子动力学方法对纳米流体的导热增强机理进行了模拟研究。在基液Ar 中加入 Cu 纳米颗粒后,纳米流体的热通量和热导率均发生了不同程度的改变,纳米颗粒体积分数的变化,在一定程度上改变了纳米流体内部的能量传递过程。进一步分析了纳米流体热导率强化的微观作用机理,发现纳米颗粒的加入,使得纳米流体的微观结构具有了类似晶体的微观结构特性,在颗粒尺寸较小的情况下,流体内部受温度梯度作用效应明显。
文摘聚光太阳能发电技术提供了一种可再生能源转换系统,其中接收器是聚光太阳能发电系统的关键部分.文中利用DDPM-DEM模型对双腔式流化床接收器内的稠密颗粒流动和传热过程进行数值模拟,模型中考虑了颗粒的流动、碰撞和传热作用.基于欧拉-拉格朗日方法对太阳能流化床颗粒接收器中的气固两相流动进行建模,辐射源相和接收器内辐射场的相互作用通过DO模型描述.得出稠密颗粒内循环流动可以增强接收器内颗粒与气体之间的热传递效果,同时接收器内的温度分布也更加的均匀,颗粒温度和气体温度都得到很大提高,分别达到1 400 K和1 200 K.
