目的揭示2000—2019年中国早发型癌症疾病负担及危险因素的变化趋势。方法数据来自2019年全球疾病负担研究。采用发病、死亡和伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life year,DALY)指标,分析中国15~49岁人群早发型癌症疾病负担情况;通...目的揭示2000—2019年中国早发型癌症疾病负担及危险因素的变化趋势。方法数据来自2019年全球疾病负担研究。采用发病、死亡和伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life year,DALY)指标,分析中国15~49岁人群早发型癌症疾病负担情况;通过人群归因分值(population attributable fraction,PAF)估计早发型癌症DALY归因于可改变危险因素的比例。以年估计百分比(estimated annual percentage change,EAPC)及其95%CI估计2000—2019年疾病负担变化趋势。结果2019年中国早发型癌症发病率、死亡率和DALY率分别为109.0/10万、35.8/10万和1763.7/10万。新发病例数在所有早发型癌症中占比最高的癌种为乳腺癌、结直肠癌和胃癌;死亡例数占比最高的癌种为肺癌、肝癌和胃癌。35.8%的早发型癌症DALY可归因于可改变危险因素。烟草使用(PAF=16.0%)为我国早发型癌症首要危险因素,其次为膳食危险因素(6.1%)和酒精使用(5.9%)。2000—2019年,我国早发型癌症的发病率呈上升趋势(EAPC=2.0%,95%CI:1.6%~2.3%);死亡率(EAPC=-1.1%,95%CI:-1.4%~-0.7%)及DALY率(EAPC=-1.2%,95%CI:-1.5%~-0.8%)均呈下降趋势。早发型肝癌新发例数占所有早发型癌症新发病例的比例由2000年首位降至2019年第8位;早发型结直肠癌发病占比由2000年第6位升至2019年第2位。与2000年(32.0%)比较,2019年我国全人群早发型癌症DALY危险因素PAF增长11.9%。结论我国早发型癌症发病增加,死亡和伤残得到有效控制,不同癌种疾病负担构成的变化存在异质性。应加强对可改变危险因素的干预,降低早发型癌症负担。展开更多
随着新时代乡村振兴战略的提出,发展乡村教育成为实施乡村振兴战略的内在要求。为了揭示农村中学的生物学教学的研究现状组成及前沿分析,尽可能地促进农村地区生物学教学的发展,本文运用文献计量学方法,对中国知网(CNKI)数据库491篇文...随着新时代乡村振兴战略的提出,发展乡村教育成为实施乡村振兴战略的内在要求。为了揭示农村中学的生物学教学的研究现状组成及前沿分析,尽可能地促进农村地区生物学教学的发展,本文运用文献计量学方法,对中国知网(CNKI)数据库491篇文献使用Bicomb 2.0与SPSS 26.0可视化分析软件进行关键词共词分析,结果显示,近十年农村中学生物学教学研究由以下几个领域组成:1) 农村中学生物学实验教学研究与教学策略的应用研究;2) 新课改背景下农村地区生物学教学研究;3) 农村中学的生物学课堂教学现状及问题研究;4) 农村学生的生物学学习兴趣的研究;5) 探究式教学在生物学教学中的应用研究,其中农村中学的生物学课堂教学现状及问题研究对推动该领域的发展具有重要意义。With the proposal of the rural revitalization strategy in the new era, the development of rural education has become an inherent requirement for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. In order to reveal the research status quo composition and frontier analysis of biology teaching in rural middle schools and promote the development of biology teaching in rural areas, this paper applies the bibliometric method to analyze the keyword co-occurrence analysis of 491 articles in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database by using Bicomb 2.0 and SPSS 26.0 visual analysis software. The results show that the research on biology teaching in rural middle schools in the past ten years is composed of the following areas: 1) research on biology experimental teaching and application of teaching strategies in rural middle schools;2) research on biology teaching in rural areas under the background of the new curriculum reform;3) research on the status quo and problems of biology classroom teaching in rural middle schools;4) research on the interest of rural students in learning biology;and 5) research on the application of inquiry teaching in biology teaching, among which, the research on the status quo and problems of biology classroom teaching in rural middle schools is of great significance to promote the development of this field.展开更多
文摘随着新时代乡村振兴战略的提出,发展乡村教育成为实施乡村振兴战略的内在要求。为了揭示农村中学的生物学教学的研究现状组成及前沿分析,尽可能地促进农村地区生物学教学的发展,本文运用文献计量学方法,对中国知网(CNKI)数据库491篇文献使用Bicomb 2.0与SPSS 26.0可视化分析软件进行关键词共词分析,结果显示,近十年农村中学生物学教学研究由以下几个领域组成:1) 农村中学生物学实验教学研究与教学策略的应用研究;2) 新课改背景下农村地区生物学教学研究;3) 农村中学的生物学课堂教学现状及问题研究;4) 农村学生的生物学学习兴趣的研究;5) 探究式教学在生物学教学中的应用研究,其中农村中学的生物学课堂教学现状及问题研究对推动该领域的发展具有重要意义。With the proposal of the rural revitalization strategy in the new era, the development of rural education has become an inherent requirement for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. In order to reveal the research status quo composition and frontier analysis of biology teaching in rural middle schools and promote the development of biology teaching in rural areas, this paper applies the bibliometric method to analyze the keyword co-occurrence analysis of 491 articles in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database by using Bicomb 2.0 and SPSS 26.0 visual analysis software. The results show that the research on biology teaching in rural middle schools in the past ten years is composed of the following areas: 1) research on biology experimental teaching and application of teaching strategies in rural middle schools;2) research on biology teaching in rural areas under the background of the new curriculum reform;3) research on the status quo and problems of biology classroom teaching in rural middle schools;4) research on the interest of rural students in learning biology;and 5) research on the application of inquiry teaching in biology teaching, among which, the research on the status quo and problems of biology classroom teaching in rural middle schools is of great significance to promote the development of this field.
