Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach for Predicting Pipeline Response to Various Blast Scenarios: A Numerical Modeling Study

Recent industrial explosions globally have intensified the focus in mechanical engineering on designing infras-tructure systems and networks capable of withstanding blast loading.Initially centered on high-profile facilities such as embassies and petrochemical plants,this concern now extends to a wider array of infrastructures and facilities.Engineers and scholars increasingly prioritize structural safety against explosions,particularly to prevent disproportionate collapse and damage to nearby structures.Urbanization has further amplified the reliance on oil and gas pipelines,making them vital for urban life and prime targets for terrorist activities.Consequently,there is a growing imperative for computational engineering solutions to tackle blast loading on pipelines and mitigate associated risks to avert disasters.In this study,an empty pipe model was successfully validated under contact blast conditions using Abaqus software,a powerful tool in mechanical engineering for simulating blast effects on buried pipelines.Employing a Eulerian-Lagrangian computational fluid dynamics approach,the investigation extended to above-surface and below-surface blasts at standoff distances of 25 and 50 mm.Material descriptions in the numerical model relied on Abaqus’default mechanical models.Comparative analysis revealed varying pipe performance,with deformation decreasing as explosion-to-pipe distance increased.The explosion’s location relative to the pipe surface notably influenced deformation levels,a key finding highlighted in the study.Moreover,quantitative findings indicated varying ratios of plastic dissipation energy(PDE)for different blast scenarios compared to the contact blast(P0).Specifically,P1(25 mm subsurface blast)and P2(50 mm subsurface blast)showed approximately 24.07%and 14.77%of P0’s PDE,respectively,while P3(25 mm above-surface blast)and P4(50 mm above-surface blast)exhibited lower PDE values,accounting for about 18.08%and 9.67%of P0’s PDE,respectively.Utilising energy-absorbing materials such as thin coatings of ultra-high-strength concrete,metallic foams,carbon fiber-reinforced polymer wraps,and others on the pipeline to effectively mitigate blast damage is recommended.This research contributes to the advancement of mechanical engineering by providing insights and solutions crucial for enhancing the resilience and safety of underground pipelines in the face of blast events.

Applications of nanotechnology in medical field: a brief review

Nanotechnology has extensive application as nanomedicine in the medical field.Some nanoparticles have possible applications in novel diagnostic instruments,imagery and methodologies,targeted medicinal products,pharmaceutical products,biomedical implants,and tissue engineering.Today treatments of high toxicity can be administered with improved safety using nanotechnology,such as chemotherapeutic cancer drugs.Further,wearable gadgets can detect crucial changes in vital signs,cancer cell conditions,and infections that are genuinely happening in the body.We anticipate these technologies to provide doctors with considerably much better direct access to critical data on the reasons for changes in the signs of life or illness because of the technological presence at the source of the problem.Biomedicine can be utilised for therapies with predictive analytics and artificial intelligence.For carrying out this study,relevant papers on Nanotechnology in the medical field from Scopus,Google scholar,ResearchGate,and other research platforms are identified and studied.The study discusses different types of Nanoparticles used in the medical field.This paper discusses nanotechnology applications in the medical field.The class,features,and characteristics of Nanotechnology for medicine are also briefed.Scientists,governments,civil society organisations,and the general public will need to collaborate across sectors to assess the significance of nanotechnology and guide its advancement in various fields.The current research includes several possible Nanotechnology uses in the medical field.As a result,the study provides a brief and well-organised report on nanotechnology that should be valuable to researchers,engineers,and scientists for future research projects.

Quality 4.0 technologies to enhance traditional Chinese medicine for overcoming healthcare challenges during COVID-19

The Quality 4.0 concept is derived from the industrial fourth revolution,i.e.,Industry 4.0.Quality 4.0 is the future of quality,where new digital and disruptive technologies are used to maintain quality in organizations.It is also suitable for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to maintain quality.This quality revolution aims to improve industrial and service sectors’quality by incorporating emerging technologies to connect physical systems with the natural world.The proposed digital philosophy can update and enhance the entire TCM treatment methodology to become more effective and attractive in the current competitive structure of the pharmaceutical and clinical industries.Thus,in healthcare,this revolution empowers quality treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.There is a major requirement in healthcare to maintain the quality of medical tools,equipment,and treatment processes during a pandemic.Digital technologies can widely be used to provide innovative products and services with excellent quality for TCM.In this paper,we discuss the significant role of Quality 4.0 and how it can be used to maintain healthcare quality and fulfill challenges during the pandemic.Additionally,we discuss 10 significant applications of Quality 4.0 in healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic.These technologies will provide unique benefits to maintain the quality of TCM throughout the treatment process.With Quality 4.0,quality can be maintained using innovative and advanced digital technologies.

3D printing applications for healthcare research and development

There is a growing demand for customised,biocompatible,and sterilisable components in the medical busi-ness.3D Printing is a disruptive technology for healthcare and provides significant research and development avenues.Simple 3D printing service gives patients low-cost individualised prostheses,implants,and gadgets,en-abling surgeons to operate more effectively with customised equipment and models;and assisting medical device manufacturers in developing new and faster goods.3D printed tissue pieces can overcome various challenges and may eventually allow medication companies to streamline research and development.In the long run,it may also assist in lowering prices and making medicines more accessible and effective for everybody.There is a growing corpus of research on the advantages of employing 3D printed anatomic models in teaching and training.The capacity to 3D printing individual anatomical diseases for practical learning is one of the funda-mental contrasts between utilising 3D and regular anatomical models.3D printing is very appealing for producing patient-specific implants.This literature review-based paper explores the role of 3D printing and 3D bioprinting in healthcare.It briefs the need and progressive steps for implementing 3D printing in healthcare and presented various facilities and enablers of 3D printing for the healthcare sector.Finally,this paper identifies and discusses the significant applications of 3D printing for healthcare research and development.3D printing services can be deployed to easily construct complex geometries in plastic or metal with good precision.This results in improved prototypes,lower costs,and lower part processing times.They can now physically create with natural materials,previously unattainable with prior technologies.Every hospital should have 3D printers in the future,allowing new organs/parts to be developed in-house.

Impact of three dimensional printing in orthopedics

The primary objective of this article is to explore effects of latest development in the area of three dimensional(3D)printing&to assess its abilities,and further undertake helpful reporting.Here the focus is to assess ad vantages of 3D printing in orthopedics and analyze how 3D printed models help solve complex 3D orthopedics distortions.This study identified that 3D models manufactured by 3D printing models reduce medical parts de velopment cost and surgical planning time.Integrating 3D printing with orthopaedics helps in understanding the conditions of problems and achieving the operation succssfully.This technology can enable doctors/surgeons to design,produce,recreate and plan operations more accurately,carefully,and economicaly.3D models can assist specialists with a visual comprehension of the patient-particular pathology and life structures.Innovation in 3D printing initiated a scaffold for the virtual outline and execution of medical procedures.This research proposes the utilisation of 3D printers as an elective procedure for the fabrication of parts.It empowers surgeons/patients for better raining,education and research.In the future,there is a foreseeable expansion of additive manufacturing in orthopedics.

Blockchain technology applications for Industry 4.0:A literature-based review

Industry 4.0 involves innovations with upcoming digital technologies,and blockchain is one of them.Blockchain can be incorporated to improve security,privacy,and data transparency both for small and large enterprises.Industry 4.0 is a synthesis of the new production methods that allow manufacturers to achieve their target more rapidly.Research has been conducted on various Industry 4.0 technologies like Artificial Intelligence(AI),Internet of Things(IoT),Big data,and Blockchain,and how they could create significant interruptions in recent years.These technologies provide various possibilities in the world of manufacturing and supply chain.Blockchain is a technology that has gained much recognition and can enhance the manufacturing and supply chain environment.Various fields now have fascinating insights into the advantages of blockchain.Several research articles on“Blockchain”and“Industry 4.0”from Google Scholar,Scopus,and other relevant sources are identified and reviewed for this study.This paper discusses the major potential of Blockchain in Industry 4.0.Various drivers,enablers,and associated capabilities of Blockchain technology for Industry 4.0 are discussed for insights.Different Industry 4.0 spheres/sub-domains for Blockchain technology realisation are also discussed.Finally,we have identified and studied fourteen significant applications of Blockchain in Industry 4.0.It is a range of new developments and hope for immense opportunities that are changing Industry 4.0.This technology would work to achieve amplified outcomes and work individually to enhance the process.

Traceability implementation in food supply chain: A grey-DEMATEL approach

Numerous incidents of food adulteration,fraudulence and foodborne disease outbreaks have shaken the consumer confidence towards the food they consume.These incidents compel the Food Supply Chain(FSC)partners to implement an appropriate traceability system in their respective supply chains to sustain the consumer confidence.The objective of this research is to identify the drivers(major factors)which play a significant role in the successful implementation of the traceability system in FSC and evaluate the causal relationships developing therein.Twelve drivers are identified towards implementation of the traceability system in FSC through literature review and supported with expert’s opinion.The grey-based DEMATEL approach is identified to evaluate these relationships among the drivers according to their net effect.Further,these drivers ranked based on the prominence and effect score.The finding of this research shows that the drivers are clustered into two groups namely:influential(cause)and influenced(effect)group.Four drivers belong to the influential group,and remaining eight are from the influenced group.The most influential driver is the “food safety and quality”which provide a significant effect on the implementation of a traceability system.This research can be a building block to develop a framework to implement the traceability system within FSC and assist the policymakers,and practitioners to identify and evaluate drivers related to the implementation of traceability system in FSC.This paper also provides a useful insight&support to the practitioners and managers in decision making for traceability implementation related issues。