YIKI is an antimalarial phytomedicine used by a traditional healer to treat malaria in Bobo-Dioulasso. However, there is no scientific evidence to support its use by local populations. The aim of this study was to ide...YIKI is an antimalarial phytomedicine used by a traditional healer to treat malaria in Bobo-Dioulasso. However, there is no scientific evidence to support its use by local populations. The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal practices of the healer holder of YIKI and assess the clinical evidence of its phytomedicine in the uncomplicated malaria treatment. Ethnomedical survey based on a semi-structured and open questionnaire was conducted from October to December 2019 with the healer. Malaria knowledge and diagnosis methods, patient treatment and monitoring, and recipe formulation steps were surveyed. Moreover, thick and thin blood smears were taken, haemoglobin levels and temperature of consenting patients were measured before treatment, mid-treatment and at the end of treatment. The survey revealed that the healer has a good knowledge of malaria symptoms and his diagnosis is based on observation and physical examination of patients. The healer’s malaria diagnosis was rudimentary and had accuracy problems, with only 62.79% of malaria cases confirmed by microscopy. The formulation of YIKI and its use to treat malaria follow a standard process for plant harvesting, powder quantities and posology, but do not use any reproducible parameters for dose adjustment. Forty-three patients diagnosed and treated by the healer participated in the study. Laboratory results revealed 27 Plasmodium falciparum infection cases, including 2 with parasitaemia ≥ 200,000 p/µl blood. 25 patients were selected for therapeutic evidence assessment. There was a 48% elimination of parasites, a 28% parasitaemia decrease without complete cure, with gametocytogenesis in some patients, and a 24% parasitaemia increase. Haemoglobin and temperature results suggested that YIKI was not cytotoxic and reduced fever. Encouraging preliminary results have been obtained, but in view of the low number of patients, further YIKI efficacy and toxicity studies will be necessary for patient safety.展开更多
Bovine tuberculosis is one of the zoonoses which has a very significant socio-economic importance due to the losses in agribusiness and hampers commercial exchange of animals and products. The present study highlights...Bovine tuberculosis is one of the zoonoses which has a very significant socio-economic importance due to the losses in agribusiness and hampers commercial exchange of animals and products. The present study highlights the risk of considerable potential economic and health impacts of this major zoonosis. It was carried out at the Bobo-Dioulasso slaughterhouse, in Burkina Faso over 3 years. A retrospective study was conducted based on bovine tuberculosis suspected carcass seizures during primary meat production between January 1st, 2020 and December 31st, 2022. The diagnosis and the criteria for suspecting bovine tuberculosis were addressed by post-mortem inspection. All carcasses were examined for tuberculosis lesions detection. All cattle slaughtered in the abattoir for primary meat production during the study period were included. Economic losses were determined from recorded seizure data and we included all the cattle slaughtered during the study period. Three thousand two hundred ten (3210) bovine carcasses were seized on a total of 180,827 cattle slaughteredwith a prevalence of 19.48%. Economic loss was estimated to be 53,505,000 F CFA, while the average quantity of animal protein lost was 4746 kg, 435 kg, and 13,445 kg for the carcass, livers, and lungs, respectively. The various results show a real health issue linked to exposure to M. bovis for agents and stakeholders in the primary meat production chain, processors and consumers. In addition, the survey conducted over the study period, reveals important material seized and destroyed. This leads to significant loss in rural agriculture and also in the primary meat production industry for the population. The figures are enormous and impact both the nutritional intake linked to animal protein consumption and the livelihood of the beef industry. The Burkinabe administration should invest in biosecurity and biosafety measures to minimize the risks of the disease and also provide compensation for losses recorded among breeders and butchers.展开更多
文摘YIKI is an antimalarial phytomedicine used by a traditional healer to treat malaria in Bobo-Dioulasso. However, there is no scientific evidence to support its use by local populations. The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal practices of the healer holder of YIKI and assess the clinical evidence of its phytomedicine in the uncomplicated malaria treatment. Ethnomedical survey based on a semi-structured and open questionnaire was conducted from October to December 2019 with the healer. Malaria knowledge and diagnosis methods, patient treatment and monitoring, and recipe formulation steps were surveyed. Moreover, thick and thin blood smears were taken, haemoglobin levels and temperature of consenting patients were measured before treatment, mid-treatment and at the end of treatment. The survey revealed that the healer has a good knowledge of malaria symptoms and his diagnosis is based on observation and physical examination of patients. The healer’s malaria diagnosis was rudimentary and had accuracy problems, with only 62.79% of malaria cases confirmed by microscopy. The formulation of YIKI and its use to treat malaria follow a standard process for plant harvesting, powder quantities and posology, but do not use any reproducible parameters for dose adjustment. Forty-three patients diagnosed and treated by the healer participated in the study. Laboratory results revealed 27 Plasmodium falciparum infection cases, including 2 with parasitaemia ≥ 200,000 p/µl blood. 25 patients were selected for therapeutic evidence assessment. There was a 48% elimination of parasites, a 28% parasitaemia decrease without complete cure, with gametocytogenesis in some patients, and a 24% parasitaemia increase. Haemoglobin and temperature results suggested that YIKI was not cytotoxic and reduced fever. Encouraging preliminary results have been obtained, but in view of the low number of patients, further YIKI efficacy and toxicity studies will be necessary for patient safety.
文摘Bovine tuberculosis is one of the zoonoses which has a very significant socio-economic importance due to the losses in agribusiness and hampers commercial exchange of animals and products. The present study highlights the risk of considerable potential economic and health impacts of this major zoonosis. It was carried out at the Bobo-Dioulasso slaughterhouse, in Burkina Faso over 3 years. A retrospective study was conducted based on bovine tuberculosis suspected carcass seizures during primary meat production between January 1st, 2020 and December 31st, 2022. The diagnosis and the criteria for suspecting bovine tuberculosis were addressed by post-mortem inspection. All carcasses were examined for tuberculosis lesions detection. All cattle slaughtered in the abattoir for primary meat production during the study period were included. Economic losses were determined from recorded seizure data and we included all the cattle slaughtered during the study period. Three thousand two hundred ten (3210) bovine carcasses were seized on a total of 180,827 cattle slaughteredwith a prevalence of 19.48%. Economic loss was estimated to be 53,505,000 F CFA, while the average quantity of animal protein lost was 4746 kg, 435 kg, and 13,445 kg for the carcass, livers, and lungs, respectively. The various results show a real health issue linked to exposure to M. bovis for agents and stakeholders in the primary meat production chain, processors and consumers. In addition, the survey conducted over the study period, reveals important material seized and destroyed. This leads to significant loss in rural agriculture and also in the primary meat production industry for the population. The figures are enormous and impact both the nutritional intake linked to animal protein consumption and the livelihood of the beef industry. The Burkinabe administration should invest in biosecurity and biosafety measures to minimize the risks of the disease and also provide compensation for losses recorded among breeders and butchers.
