New Duplex Microstructure of Grain Boundary Allotriomorphic Ferrite/Granular Bainite

This was a feasibility study for a modified 304 steel resistant to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in aqueous environment containing chloride. SCC tests were conducted potentiostaticaly with spot welded specimens, which had both crevice and residual stress, mainly in 3 % NaCl solution at various temperatures to determine the critical temperature for SCC at and below which the steel would not suffer from SCC. The effects of individual alloying element of silicon, manganese and copper on SCC of 18Cr 14Ni steels which phosphor content is 0.002 % and molybdenum content is 0.01 % were examined. Addition of 1 or 2 % of copper has beneficial effect on resistance to SCC, while increasing silicon or manganese content has no significant effect. Critical temperature of the steel with 0.002 % of phosphor and 2 % of copper is 150 ℃, which is markedly higher than 50 ℃ of 304L steel. However, the beneficial effect of copper is reduced with increasing phosphor content. From practical viewpoint, the modified steel with good SCC resistance should have 0.01 %-0.015 % of phosphor and 0.3 % or more of molybdenum, because it is very difficult to reduce phosphor content below 0 008 % industrially and such molybdenum content is inevitably introduced through cost saving melting process using return steel. Aluminium is to be added as another alloying element and 3 % of aluminium combined with 2 % of copper has been found to negate the deleterious effects of increased phosphor and molybdenum content. As a candidate steel at this stage, 14Cr 16Ni 0.013P 2Cu 1Al (0.3 1)Mo steel has critical temperature of 110 ℃.

Effect of Tempering Temperature on Strength and Toughness of Novel Carbide-Free Bainite/Martensite Duplex Phase Steel

The microstructure in the weld metals for HQ130+QJ63 high strength steels, which are welded by Ar CO 2 gas shielded metal arc welding, was analyzed by means of microscope and scan electron microscope (SEM). The relative content of different microstructure was evaluated with XQF 2000 micro image analyzer. The effect of acicular ferrite content on the impact toughness was also studied. The test results indicated that the main microstructure in the weld metals of HQ130+QJ63 high strength steels is acicular ferrite and a few pro eutectic ferrite on the boundary of original austenite grain. Near the fusion zone there are columnar grains whose direction coefficient (X) is 3 22, but the microstructure in the center of the weld metal is isometric grain, whose direction coefficient X=1 In order to avoid welding crack and improve welding technology the weld heat input should be strictly controlled in 10-16 kJ/cm. Thus, the main microstructure in the weld metals is fine acicular ferrite and the content of pro eutectic ferrite is limited. The impact toughness in the weld metals of HQ130+QJ63 steels can be ensured and can meet the requirements for application in engineering and machinery.

Effect of Chromium on CCT Diagrams of Novel Air-Cooled Bainite Steels Analyzed by Neural Network

The quantitative effects of chromium content on continuous cooling transformation （CCT） diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels were analyzed using artificial neural network models. The results showed that the chromium may retard the high and medium-temperature martensite transformation.

Effect of Morphology for Novel Bainite/Martensite Dual-Phase High Strength Steel on Its Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility

With TEM、SEM, various high temperature deformed structures in W9Mo3Cr4V steel were investigated. The sub structures,recrystallized nuclei, as well as the dynamic precipitation were also studied and analyzed. The relationship between recrystallized structures and dynamic precipitation was discussed. The results showed that the deformed structures in W9Mo3Cr4V steel are more complicated than those in low alloy steels. Because W9Mo3Cr4V steel is a high speed steel, there are a large number of residual carbides on the matrix. Also, much dynamic precipitating carbides will precipitate during deformation at high temperature.

Vertical Short Crack Initiation in Medium Carbon Bainitic Steel Under Mild Tractive Rolling Contact

To improve the current grinding procedure of the back-up roll of CVC hot rolling mills so that the back-up roll service life can be extended, the crack initiation and propagation behavior of medium carbon bainitic back-up roll steel was investigated, a kind of asperity-scale, surface originated vertical short cracks occurred at 5 × 10^2 -1 × 10^4 cycles. Theoretical analysis indicated that the maximum tensile stress occurring at the back edge of the contact of asperities keeps at above 1 347. 97 MPa, and ratcheting and cyclic plastic deformation take place at such sites within 1 × 10^4 cycles. The early initiation of the vertical short cracks is caused by the asperity contact. According to the crack initiation mechanism, short crack behavior and preventive grinding strategy, steel consumption can be reduced considerably by decreasing the surface roughness and removing the asperity influenced surface thin layer at about 70%-80% of the surface distress life.

RBF-Type Artificial Neural Network Model Applied in Alloy Design of Steels

RBF model,a new type of artificial neural network model was developed to design the content of carbon in low-alloy engineering steels.The errors of the ANN model are：MSE 0.052 1,MSRE 17.85%,and VOF 1.932 9.The results obtained are satisfactory.The method is a powerful aid for designing new steels.

Effect of Thermomechanical Treatment Temperature on Structure and Properties of CFB/M Ultra-High Strength Steel

Modified CCT diagram of carbide-flee bainite-martensite （CFB/M） ultra-high strength steel was established by applying controlled cooling of small samples. In addition, the influence of thermomechanical treatment tem- perature on the structure and properties was discussed. The experimental results showed that when deformed at 860℃ and below, ferrite transformation occurred due to strain. With the decrease of ausforming temperature, the quantity of ferrite increased and strength and toughness were deteriorated. Therefore, certain information was provided for optimizing technical parameter of ausforming process., firstly, the thermomechanical treatment temperature should not be lower than 860 ℃ in order to avoid ferrite formation induced by deformation; secondly, rapid cooling rate is also significant after deformation in order to avoid ferrite precipitation during subsequent cooling stage.