Experimental study on the size effect on the equation of state of concretes under shock loading

Adopting the classical theory of hydrocodes,the constitutive relations of concretes are separated into an equation of state(EoS)which describes the volumetric behavior of concrete material and a strength model which depicts the shear properties of concrete.The experiments on the EoS of concrete is always challenging due to the technical difficulties and equipment limitations,especially for the specimen size effect on the EoS.Although some researchers investigate the shock properties of concretes by fly-plate impact tests,the specimens used in their tests are usually in one size.In this paper,the fly-plate impact tests on concrete specimens with different sizes are performed to investigate the size effect on the shock properties of concrete materials.The mechanical background of the size effect on the shock properties are revealed,which is related to the lateral rarefaction effect and the deviatoric stress produced in the specimen.According to the tests results,the modified EoS considering the size effect on the shock properties of concrete are proposed,which the bulk modulus of concrete is unpredicted by up to 20% if size effects are not accounted for.

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维束低速拉伸下的应变率效应及其统计损伤本构关系

基于轴向拉伸实验研究超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维束低速下(包含准静态)应变率效应对其力学性能及破坏模式的影响,阐述了其弹-黏塑性特性和分子链断裂在纤维束变形过程中的贡献。在10^(-5)~3.3×10^(-2)s^(-1)应变率范围内,对UHMWPE纤维束进行5种不同应变率工况的拉伸实验,得到了各工况下的力学性能参数及应力-应变曲线。结果表明,UHMWPE纤维束的拉伸强度和失效应变与应变率之间分别存在指数增长和指数衰减关系,随着应变率的提升,二者的应变率效应逐渐削弱。室温下,UHMWPE纤维束具有较为复杂的力学行为,呈现2种不同的损伤特性,分别为黏弹性主导的宏观整体性脆性断裂和黏塑性主导极具韧性且包含蠕变的塑性变形。基于实验结果并结合现有文献结论,推断UHMPWE纤维束发生脆-韧转变的临界应变率在10-5量级。最后,根据实验数据拟合了计及应变率且包含修正项的纤维束低速统计损伤本构方程,通过与实测值对比,验证了该方程的准确性。