Application Research of PETD Combined with MRI Nerve Root Water Imaging in the Minimally Invasive Treatment of LDH

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 62 patients with lumbar disc herniation from March 2019 to March 2021. The study included an experimental group of 30 patients and a control group of 32 patients. The experimental group underwent PETD combined with nerve root water imaging of MRI, while the control group received traditional PETD treatment. The visual analogue scoring method (VAS score), and JOA lumbar spine function score before and after surgery were compared between the two groups, and efficacy was assessed and compared using the MacNab score. Results: The mean operation time was significantly reduced in the experimental group (56.43 ±10.40 minutes) compared to the control group (65.69 ±14.12 minutes). The VAS score was compared between the two groups with preoperative (p = 0.624), one month after surgery (p = 0.325), three months after surgery (p = 0.676), one year after surgery (p = 0.341);The JOA score was compared between the two groups with preoperative (p = 0.961), one month after the surgery (p = 0.266), three months after surgery (p = 0.185), one year after surgery (p = 0.870), they were no significant statistical difference;The efficacy evaluation of the last follow-up Macnab showed that all the 30 patients in the experimental group were excellent, 31 of 32 patients in the control group were excellent, 1 case was good;There was no statistical difference in the comparison between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study concludes that the combined approach of PETD with nerve root water imaging of MRI is a safe, effective, and more efficient alternative to conventional PETD for treating lumbar disc herniation.

Preparation of Corncob-Like WO3 Nanomaterials and Their Photocatalytic Treatment of Toluene

Corn rod-like WO3 nanomaterials were successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. The morphology, structure and optical absorption properties of the prepared samples were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR and UV-Vis-DRS. The WO3 materials were corn rod-like morphology with about 800 nm for length and 150 nm for diameter, especially there were plenty of corn particles (about 20 nm) on the surface of corn rods. The X-ray diffraction peaks of the products corresponded with WO3 standard card, and the characteristic peak of W-O bond was found in the infrared spectrum. The absorption band edge of the products was about 480 nm, indicating their potential visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity. In situ FTIR technology research showed that the prepared WO3 nanomaterials had visible photocatalytic activity to gas-phase toluene. After a photocatalytic reaction for 8 hours toluene was effectively degraded, and carboxylic acid and aldehyde could be regarded as the intermediate products, and CO2 was produced as the final product during the reaction process.

“熵”不起——生命以负熵为生

以某大学社团几名学生观影“长安三万里”后对李白诗句的感慨为切入点,引出对熵及熵增原理的讨论。通过介绍熵的起源及意义了解热力学三大定律的内容及关联;再分别从熵增原理对生命和生活两个方面的启示进行阐述。揭示了整个人类的进化和生命的发展就是一部逆熵的历史,人活着就是对抗熵增的过程,若要不负此生,就要奋斗不止。

Andrias davidianus bone peptides alleviates hyperuricemia-induced kidney damage in vitro and in vivo

Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a vital risk factor for chronic kidney diseases(CKD)and development of functional foods capable of protecting CKD is of importance.This paper aimed to explore the amelioration effects and mechanism of Andrias davidianus bone peptides(ADBP)on HUA-induced kidney damage.In the present study,we generated the standard ADBP which contained high hydrophobic amino acid and low molecular peptide contents.In vitro results found that ADBP protected uric acid(UA)-induced HK-2 cells from damage by modulating urate transporters and antioxidant defense.In vivo results indicated that ADBP effectively ameliorated renal injury in HUA-induced CKD mice,evidenced by a remarkable decrease in serum UA,creatinine and blood urea nitrogen,improving kidney UA excretion,antioxidant defense and histological kidney deterioration.Metabolomic analysis highlighted 14 metabolites that could be selected as potential biomarkers and attributed to the amelioration effects of ADBP on CKD mice kidney dysfunction.Intriguingly,ADBP restored the gut microbiome homeostasis in CKD mice,especially with respect to the elevated helpful microbial abundance,and the decreased harmful bacterial abundance.This study demonstrated that ADBP displayed great nephroprotective effects,and has great promise as a food or functional food ingredient for the prevention and treatment of HUA-induced CKD.

Novel PIKfyve/Tubulin Dual-target Inhibitor as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Objective:In B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL),current intensive chemotherapies for adult patients fail to achieve durable responses in more than 50%of cases,underscoring the urgent need for new therapeutic regimens for this patient population.The present study aimed to determine whether HZX-02-059,a novel dual-target inhibitor targeting both phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase(PIKfyve)and tubulin,is lethal to B-ALL cells and is a potential therapeutic for B-ALL patients.Methods:Cell proliferation,vacuolization,apoptosis,cell cycle,and in-vivo tumor growth were evaluated.In addition,Genome-wide RNA-sequencing studies were conducted to elucidate the mechanisms of action underlying the anti-leukemia activity of HZX-02-059 in B-ALL.Results:HZX-02-059 was found to inhibit cell proliferation,induce vacuolization,promote apoptosis,block the cell cycle,and reduce in-vivo tumor growth.Downregulation of the p53 pathway and suppression of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway and the downstream transcription factors c-Myc and NF-κB were responsible for these observations.Conclusion:Overall,these findings suggest that HZX-02-059 is a promising agent for the treatment of B-ALL patients resistant to conventional therapies.

Bionic lightweight design of limb leg units for hydraulic quadruped robots by additive manufacturing and topology optimization

Galloping cheetahs,climbing mountain goats,and load hauling horses all show desirable locomotion capability,which motivates the development of quadruped robots.Among various quadruped robots,hydraulically driven quadruped robots show great potential in unstructured environments due to their discrete landing positions and large payloads.As the most critical movement unit of a quadruped robot,the limb leg unit(LLU)directly affects movement speed and reliability,and requires a compact and lightweight design.Inspired by the dexterous skeleton–muscle systems of cheetahs and humans,this paper proposes a highly integrated bionic actuator system for a better dynamic performance of an LLU.We propose that a cylinder barrel with multiple element interfaces and internal smooth channels is realized using metal additive manufacturing,and hybrid lattice structures are introduced into the lightweight design of the piston rod.In addition,additive manufacturing and topology optimization are incorporated to reduce the redundant material of the structural parts of the LLU.The mechanical properties of the actuator system are verified by numerical simulation and experiments,and the power density of the actuators is far greater than that of cheetah muscle.The mass of the optimized LLU is reduced by 24.5%,and the optimized LLU shows better response time performance when given a step signal,and presents a good trajectory tracking ability with the increase in motion frequency.

Asian Food Image Classification Based on Deep Learning

To improve Asian food image classification accuracy, a method that combined Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) with the Mobile NetV2, VGG16, and ResNet50 was proposed for Asian food image classification. Additionally, we proposed to use a mixed data enhancement algorithm (Mixup) to have a smoother discrimination ability. The effects of introducing the attention mechanism (CBAM) and using the mixed data enhancement algorithm (Mixup) were shown respectively through experimental comparison. The combination of these two and the final test set Top-1 accuracy rate reached 87.33%. Moreover, the information emphasized by CBAM was reflected through the visualization of the heat map. The results confirmed the classification method’s effectiveness and provided new ideas that improved Asian food image classification accuracy.

渤中A油田易漏井段提速关键技术研究与应用

渤中A油田中深层井由于其复杂的地质条件,在钻井过程中钻遇断层、破裂带及多次发生失返性漏失。为了既保证地层不漏失,又保证钻速不受影响,引入了马达旋导一体化技术、防漏堵漏技术以及循环当量密度(ECD)精细控制技术,通过在渤中A油田的5口井中的应用,控制井底ECD波动范围小于0.056g/cm^(3),降低了钻井液漏失的严重程度并缩短了漏失处理时间,机械钻速提效44.8%,为渤海易漏失井提速防漏技术提供了参考和借鉴。

A Two-Party Password-Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol with Verifier

To tackle with the security lack in the password-authenticated key exchange protocol, this paper proposes a two-party password-authenticated key exchange protocol based on a verifier. In the proposed protocol, a user stores his password in plaintext, and the server stores a verifier for the user’s password, using DL difficult problem and DH difficult problem, through the session between user and server to establish a session key. The security discussion result shows that the proposed protocol provides forward secrecy, and can effectively defend against server compromising fake attacks, dictionary attacks and middleman attacks. Protocol efficiency comparisons reveal our protocol is more reasonable.

苦参碱注射液对小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨苦参碱注射液预处理对急性酒精性肝损伤小鼠模型的保护作用。方法将30只昆明小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组(联苯双酯滴丸125 mg/kg)、苦参碱注射液高剂量组(2.8 mg/kg)、苦参碱注射液低剂量组(1.4 mg/kg),每组6只。各给药组按照10 ml/(kg·d)进行尾静脉注射,连续治疗14 d。第15天除空白组外,其余各组按照12 ml/kg一次性给予50%乙醇复制急性酒精性肝损伤模型,小鼠禁食不禁水,16 h后摘眼球取血并处死。采用HE染色观察小鼠肝脏病理变化,油红O染色检测肝脂肪沉积,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(T-BIL)和肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、甘油三酯(TG)水平。结果模型组肝指数较空白组增加(P<0.05),苦参碱高剂量组、苦参碱低剂量组、阳性对照组较模型组降低(P<0.05)。模型组血清AST、ALT、T-BIL较空白组升高(P<0.05),阳性对照组、苦参碱高剂量组、苦参碱低剂量组较模型组降低(P<0.05)。模型组SOD、GSH、CAT较空白组降低(P<0.05),MDA、TG较空白组升高(P<0.05)。阳性对照组、苦参碱高剂量组的GSH、CAT、SOD较模型组升高(P<0.05),MDA、TG较模型组降低(P<0.05)。模型组肝脏脂滴数量较空白组增加(P<0.05),阳性对照组、苦参碱高剂量组、苦参碱低剂量组较模型组减少(P<0.05)。结论苦参碱注射液可以调节血清转氨酶,改善肝功能,提高抗氧化酶,改善氧化应激,对急性酒精性肝损伤有预防、治疗作用。

聚丙烯酸酯弹性体/聚乳酸共混物的结晶性能

通过种子乳液聚合合成了以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为核、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)共聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为壳的聚丙烯酸酯冲击改性剂(Poly(BA)/poly(MMA-co-GMA),PBMG),以此改性聚乳酸,并对共混物的非等温结晶性能进行了研究。结果表明,质量分数10%的PBMG的加入能改善聚乳酸共混物的力学性能,冲击强度由2.6kJ/m^(2)增加到10.45kJ/m^(2)。同时采用差示扫描量热仪及偏光显微镜对共混物的结晶性能进行了研究,并利用Jeziorny修订的Avrami方程和莫志深方程探究了共混物的非等温结晶动力学。PBMG作为成核剂,在共混物中提供了更多的成核位点,从而提高了结晶度并加快了共混物的结晶速率。

In vitro differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells into neuronal-like cells

Adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells were co-cultured with untreated or Aβ1-40-treated PC12 cells, or grown in supernatant derived from untreated or Aβ1-40-treated PC12 cells. Analysis by western blot and quantitative real-time PCR showed that protein levels of Nanog, Oct4, and Sox2, and mRNA levels of miR/125a/3p were decreased, while expression of insulin-like growth factor-2 and neuron specific enolase was increased. In comparison the generation of neuron specific enolase-positive cells was most successful when adipose-derived stem cells were co-cultured with Aβ1-40-treated PC12 cells. Our results demonstrate that adipose-derived stem cells and bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells exhibit trends of neuronal-like cell differentiation after co-culture with Aβ1-40-treated PC12 cells. This process may relate to a downregulation of miR-125a-3p mRNA expression and increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-2 expression.

Noise Reduction of an Axial Piston Pump by Valve Plate Optimization

Current researches mainly focus on the investigations of the valve plate utilizing pressure relief grooves. However,air?release and cavitation can occur near the grooves. The valve plate utilizing damping holes show excellent perfor?mance in avoiding air?release and cavitation. This study aims to reduce the noise emitted from an axial piston pump using a novel valve plate utilizing damping holes. A dynamic pump model is developed,in which the fluid properties are carefully modeled to capture the phenomena of air release and cavitation. The causes of di erent noise sources are investigated using the model. A comprehensive parametric analysis is conducted to enhance the understanding of the e ects of the valve plate parameters on the noise sources. A multi?objective genetic algorithm optimization method is proposed to optimize the parameters of valve plate. The amplitudes of the swash plate moment and flow rates in the inlet and outlet ports are defined as the objective functions. The pressure overshoot and undershoot in the piston chamber are limited by properly constraining the highest and lowest pressure values. A comparison of the various noise sources between the original and optimized designs over a wide range of pressure levels shows that the noise sources are reduced at high pressures. The results of the sound pressure level measurements show that the optimized valve plate reduces the noise level by 1.6 d B(A) at the rated working condition. The proposed method is e ective in reducing the noise of axial piston pumps and contributes to the development of quieter axial piston machines.

Research and Development of Electro‑hydraulic Control Valves Oriented to Industry 4.0:A Review

Electro-hydraulic control valves are key hydraulic components for industrial applications and aerospace,which controls electro-hydraulic motion.With the development of automation,digital technology,and communication technology,electro-hydraulic control valves are becoming more digital,integrated,and intelligent in order to meet the requirements of Industry 4.0.This paper reviews the state of the art development for electro-hydraulic control valves and their related technologies.This review paper considers three aspects of state acquisition through sensors or indirect acquisition technologies,control strategies along with digital controllers and novel valves,and online maintenance through data interaction and fault diagnosis.The main features and development trends of electro-hydraulic control valves oriented to Industry 4.0 are discussed.

Insight into the microstructural evolution of anthracite during carbonization-graphitization process from the perspective of materialization

Materialization of coal is one of effective and clean pathways for its utilization. The microstructures of coal-based carbon materials have an important influence on their functional applications. Herein, the microstructural evolution of anthracite in the temperature range of 1000–2800 ℃ was systematically investigated to provide a guidance for the microstructural regulation of coal-based carbon materials.The results indicate that the microstructure of anthracite undergoes an important change during carbonization-graphitization process. As the temperature increases, aromatic layers in anthracite gradually transform into disordered graphite microcrystals and further grow into ordered graphite microcrystals, and then ordered graphite microcrystals are laterally linked to form pseudo-graphite phase and eventually transformed into highly ordered graphite-like sheets. In particular, 2000–2200 ℃ is a critical temperature region for the qualitative change of ordered graphite crystallites to pseudo-graphite phase,in which the relevant structural parameters including stacking height, crystallite lateral size and graphitization degree show a rapid increase. Moreover, both aromaticity and graphitization degree have a linear positive correlation with carbonization-graphitization temperature in a specific temperature range.Besides, after initial carbonization, some defect structures in anthracite such as aliphatic carbon and oxygen-containing functional groups are released in the form of gaseous low-molecular volatiles along with an increased pore structure, and the intermediates derived from minerals could facilitate the conversion of sp^(3) amorphous carbon to sp^(2) graphitic carbon. This work provides a valuable reference for the rational design of microstructure of coal-based carbon materials.

Ages and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons from the Permian strata in the engbatu area(Inner Mongolia) and tectonic implications

The Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB) was built up through protracted accretion and collision of a variety of terranes/micro-continents during Neoproterozoice Mesozoic time. To understand potential links among Paleozoic subduction and accretionary processes that were operative during the development of the southeastern CAOB, we conducted a combined U-Pb and Hf-isotope analysis of detrital zircons from previously defined Devonian, Carboniferous and Early Permian strata in the Bengbatu area,Inner Mongolia. Detrital zircons from(meta-) sandstones in these strata commonly yield major Paleozoic age populations at ca. 300-261 Ma, 351-300 Ma and 517-419 Ma, and also give several Precambrian ages that range from 2687 Ma to 544 Ma. The youngest ages redefine the deposition of all these strata to be in the Middle Permian(Wordiane Capitanian) or later, much younger than previously considered.These ages, coupled with regional magmatic records, support an interpretation of most surrounding areas as possible detritus sources, including the Mongolian arcs to the north, the Northern Accretionary Orogen to the south, and the intervening Erenhote Hegenshan Ophiolite Belt. Zircons with magmatic ages of ca. 500-350 Ma and ca. 300-261 Ma display a large range of εHf(t) values(-13.97 to +15.31),whereas ca. 350-300 Ma zircons are dominated by positive εHf(t) values(+0.14 to +16.00). These results support the occurrence of two significant shifts of the zircon εHf(t) values, which has tectonic implications for the understanding of the Carboniferouse Permian evolution of the southeastern CAOB. A marked shift from mixed to positive zircon εHf(t) values at 350 -330 Ma likely manifests the incipient opening of the Hegenshan Ocean, due to the slab rollback of the subducting Paleo-Asian Oceanic lithosphere. Another shift from positive to mixed zircon εHf(t) values at ca. 300 Ma likely corresponds to a tectonic switch from syn-orogenic subduction-related to post-orogenic extensional setting, genetically related to the tectonic collapse of a formerly overthickened crust.

Underwater image enhancement based on red channel weighted compensation and gamma correction model

Due to the special characteristics of light in water,the information of the red channel is seriously attenuated in collected image.This causes other colors to dominate the image.This paper proposes an underwater image enhancement algorithm based on red channel weighted compensation and gamma correction model.Firstly,by analyzing the attenuation characteristics of RGB channels,the intensity and the edge information of red channel are compensated by weighting the attenuation coefficient ratio between different channels to correct the chromaticity.Then the gamma correction model is employed to stretch the intensity range to enhance the contrast which makes the image look clearer.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can correct the color cast effect and improve the contrast by nearly 2 times for the underwater images with too much red component attenuation.

Convolutional Multi-Head Self-Attention on Memory for Aspect Sentiment Classification

This paper presents a method for aspect based sentiment classification tasks, named convolutional multi-head self-attention memory network(CMA-Mem Net). This is an improved model based on memory networks, and makes it possible to extract more rich and complex semantic information from sequences and aspects. In order to fix the memory network’s inability to capture context-related information on a word-level,we propose utilizing convolution to capture n-gram grammatical information. We use multi-head self-attention to make up for the problem where the memory network ignores the semantic information of the sequence itself. Meanwhile, unlike most recurrent neural network(RNN) long short term memory(LSTM), gated recurrent unit(GRU) models, we retain the parallelism of the network. We experiment on the open datasets Sem Eval-2014 Task 4 and Sem Eval-2016 Task 6. Compared with some popular baseline methods, our model performs excellently.

Neural cell injury microenvironment induces neural differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

This study aimed to investigate the neural differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells （hUCMSCs） under the induction of injured neural cells. After in vitro isolation and culture, passage 5 hUCMSCs were used for experimentation, hUCMSCs were co-cultured with normal or AI31.4o-injured PC12 cells, PC12 cell supernatant or PC12 cell lysate in a Transwell co-culture system. Western blot analysis and flow cytometry results showed that choline acetyltransferase and microtubule-associated protein 2, a specific marker for neural cells, were expressed in hUCMSCs under various culture conditions, and highest expression was observed in the hUCMSCs co-cultured with injured PC12 cells. Choline acetyltransferase and microtubule-associated protein 2 were not expressed in hUCMSCs cultured alone （no treatment）. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay results showed that hUCMSCs under co-culture conditions promoted the proliferation of injured PC12 cells. These findings suggest that the microenvironment during neural tissue injury can effectively induce neural cell differentiation of hUCMSCs. These differentiated hUCMSCs likely accelerate the repair of injured neural ceils.

Neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for cerebral ischemia

OBJECTIVE： To review published data on the biological characteristics, differentiation and applications of adipose-derived stem cells in ischemic diseases. DATA RETRIEVAL： A computer-based online search of reports published from January 2005 to June 2012 related to the development of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for treatment of cerebral ischemia was performed in Web of Science using the key words ＂adipose-derived stem cells＂, ＂neural-like cells＂, ＂transplantation＂, ＂stroke＂, and ＂cerebral ischemia＂. SELECTION CRITERIA： The documents associated with the development of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for treatment of cerebral ischemia were selected, and those published in the last 3-5 years or in authoritative journals were preferred in the same field. Totally 89 articles were obtained in the initial retrieval, of which 53 were chosen based on the inclusion criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Biological characteristics and induced differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and cell transplantation for disease treatment as well as the underlying mechanism of clinical application. RESULTS： The advantages of adipose-derived stem cells include their ease of procurement, wide availability, rapid expansion, low tumorigenesis, low immunogenicity, and absence of ethical constraints. Preclinical experiments have demonstrated that transplanted adipose-derived stem cells can improve neurological functions, reduce small regions of cerebral infarction, promote angiogenesis, and express neuron-specific markers. The improvement of neurological functions was demonstrated in experiments using different methods and time courses of adipose-derived stem cell transplantation, but the mechanisms remain unclear. CONCLUSION： Further research into the treatment of ischemic disease by adipose-derived stem cell transplantation is needed to determine their mechanism of action.