Glycyrrhizic acid inhibits apoptosis and fibrosis in carbontetrachloride-induced rat liver injury

AIM:To investigate anti-apoptotic effects of glycyrrhizic acid(GA) against fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced liver injury and its contributing factors.METHODS:Liver fibrosis was induced by administration of CCl4 for 8 wk.Pathological changes in the liver of rats were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Collagen fibers were detected by Sirius red staining.Hepatocyte apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay and the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3,Bax,α-SMA,connective tissue growth factor(CTGF),matrix metalloproteinase(MMP) 2 and MMP9 proteins were evaluated by western blot analysis,and α-SMA m RNA,collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ m RNA were estimated by real-time PCR.RESULTS:Treatment with GA significantly improved the pathological changes in the liver and markedly decreased the positive area of Sirius red compared with rats in the CCl4-treated group.TUNEL assay showed that GA significantly reduced the number of TUNEL-positive cells compared with the CCl4-treated group.The expression levels of cleaved caspase-3,Bax,α-SMA,CTGF,MMP2 and MMP9 proteins,and α-SMA m RNA,collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ m RNA were also significantly reduced by GA compared with the CCl4-treated group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:GA treatment can ameliorate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis and hepatic stellate cell activation.

Absence of BCS–BEC crossover in FeSe_(0.45)Te_(0.55) superconductor

In iron-based superconductor Fe(Se,Te), a flat band-like feature near the Fermi level was observed around the Brillouin zone center in the superconducting state. It is under debate whether this is the evidence on the presence of the BCS–BEC[Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer(BCS), Bose–Einstein condensation(BEC)] crossover in the superconductor. High-resolution laser-based angle-resolved photoemission measurements are carried out on high quality single crystals of FeSe_(0.45)Te_(0.55) superconductor to address the issue. By employing different polarization geometries, we have resolved and isolated the dyz band and the topological surface band, making it possible to study their superconducting behaviors separately. The dyz band alone does not form a flat band-like feature in the superconducting state and the measured dispersion can be well described by the BCS picture. We find that the flat band-like feature is formed from the combination of the dyz band and the topological surface state band in the superconducting state. These results reveal the origin of the flat band-like feature and rule out the presence of BCS-BEC crossover in Fe(Se,Te) superconductor.

Total ionizing dose effect modeling method for CMOS digital-integrated circuit

Simulating the total ionizing dose(TID)of an electrical system using transistor-level models can be difficult and expensive,particularly for digital-integrated circuits(ICs).In this study,a method for modeling TID effects in complementary metaloxide semiconductor(CMOS)digital ICs based on the input/output buffer information specification(IBIS)was proposed.The digital IC was first divided into three parts based on its internal structure:the input buffer,output buffer,and functional area.Each of these three parts was separately modeled.Using the IBIS model,the transistor V-I characteristic curves of the buffers were processed,and the physical parameters were extracted and modeled using VHDL-AMS.In the functional area,logic functions were modeled in VHDL according to the data sheet.A golden digital IC model was developed by combining the input buffer,output buffer,and functional area models.Furthermore,the golden ratio was reconstructed based on TID experimental data,enabling the assessment of TID effects on the threshold voltage,carrier mobility,and time series of the digital IC.TID experiments were conducted using a CMOS non-inverting multiplexer,NC7SZ157,and the results were compared with the simulation results,which showed that the relative errors were less than 2%at each dose point.This confirms the practicality and accuracy of the proposed modeling method.The TID effect model for digital ICs developed using this modeling technique includes both the logical function of the IC and changes in electrical properties and functional degradation impacted by TID,which has potential applications in the design of radiation-hardening tolerance in digital ICs.

Study on Quality Standards of Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste

[Objectives]Some Chinese medicinal materials of Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste were microscopically identified,and several active ingredients were studied by thin-layer identification,which provides reference for further improving the quality standards of hospital preparations.[Methods]The effective components of Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste were qualitatively identified by thin-layer chromatography(TLC).[Results]The microscopic identification of the three Chinese medicinal materials in Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste showed the microscopic characteristics of Radix Codonopsis,Radix Astragali and Radix Notoginseng.TLC identification showed that there were characteristic spots of Radix Codonopsis,Radix Astragali,Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and Radix Notoginseng in Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste.[Conclusions]This study established the quality standard research method of Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste,which further strengthens the safety standards of hospital preparations,and improves the clinical efficacy of drugs,as well as the quality standards of hospital preparations to a certain extent.

经尿道棒状水囊前列腺扩开术治疗良性前列腺增生的临床疗效分析

目的探讨应用经尿道棒状水囊前列腺扩开术治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2016年10月—2017年7月遂宁市中心医院应用经尿道棒状水囊前列腺扩开治疗的12例BPH患者的临床资料。观察并记录患者的手术时间、尿管留置时间、术后住院时间及围手术期并发症情况,对患者手术前后失血量、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量指数(QOL)评分及最大尿流率(Q_(max))进行随访评估。结果所有患者手术均获成功。患者年龄62～94岁,平均76.5岁。手术时间15～32 min,平均22.6 min。术后尿管留置3～5 d,平均3.6 d。术后住院时间4～7 d,平均5.6 d。所有患者术后随访2～9个月,中位随访时间6个月,排尿困难症状较术前改善,无性逆行射精、无功能障碍、无尿道狭窄、无迟发性大出血及永久性尿失禁等症状发生。手术前后血红蛋白浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术前IPSS平均(19.4±4.6)分,术后平均(7.2±2.6)分,手术前后IPSS比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);术前QOL评分平均(4.8±1.2)分,术后平均(2.0±0.6)分,手术前后QOL评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Q_(max)术前(4.2±0.6)ml/s升至术后(14.2±2.6)ml/s,手术前后Qmax比较差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论经尿道棒状水囊前列腺扩开术是治疗BPH的一种安全有效可选择微创手术方式,其创伤小、术中出血量少、手术和术后住院时间短、恢复快及术后并发症发生率低。

多孔Nafion膜离子聚合物金属复合材料的制备及性能

离子聚合物金属复合材料(IPMC)是一种新型人工肌肉材料。传统IPMC的含水率较低,其电致动性能较差。文中采用微粒浸析法,利用纳米四氧化三铁粒子成功制备了多孔Nafion膜。多孔Nafion膜含水率是普通Nafion膜的2.5~4.3倍,并且随着纳米粒子含量的增加,含水率不断增大。多孔Nafion膜IPMC的输出位移、应变能密度(能量转换效率)和稳定工作时间分别是普通Nafion膜IPMC的1.6~2.5倍、2.8~4.8倍和1.7~2.1倍。总之,Nafion膜中多孔结构的存在提高了IPMC的电致动性能。

Glycyrrhizic acid attenuates CCl_4-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in rats via a p53-mediated pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatocyte apo-ptosis in rats via a p53-dependent mitochondrial path-way. METHODS: Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups, the control group, the CCl4 group, and the GA treatment group. To induce liver fibrosis in this model, rats were given a subcutaneous injection of a 40% solution of CCl4 in olive oil at a dose of 0.3 mL/100 g body weight biweekly for 8 wk, while controls received the same isovolumetric dose of olive oil by hypodermic injection, with an initial double-dose injection. In the GA group,rats were also treated with a 40% solution of CCl4 plus 0.2% GA solution in double distilled water by the intraperitoneal injection of 3 mL per rat three times a week from the first week following previously published methods, with modifications. Controls were given the same isovolumetric dose of double distilled water. Liver function parameters, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were de-termined. Pathologic changes in the liver were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Collagen fibers were evaluated by Sirius red staining. Hepatocyte apoptosis was investigated using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and the cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry assay. The expression levels of p53 and apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated by immunohistochemistry or Western blotting analysis. RESULTS: After 8 wk of treatment, GA significantly re-duced serum activity of ALT (from 526.7 ± 57.2 to 342 ± 44.8, P<0.05) and AST (from 640 ± 33.7 to 462.8 ± 30.6, P<0.05), attenuated the changes in liver his-topathology and reduced the staging score (from 3.53 ± 0.74 to 3.00 ± 0.76, P<0.05) in CCl4 -treated rats. GA markedly reduced the positive area of Sirius red and the ratio of the hepatic fibrotic region (from 7.87% ± 0.66% to 3.68% ± 0.32%, P<0.05) compared with the CCl4 group. GA also decreased the expression level of cleaved caspase-3 compared to the CCl4 group. TU-NEL assay indicated that GA significantly diminished the number of TUNEL-positive cells compared with the CCl4 group (P<0.05). GA treatment clearly decreased the level of p53 (P<0.05) detected by immunohis-tochemistry and Western blotting analysis. Compared with the CCl4 group, we also found that GA reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (P<0.05), the expression of cleaved caspase-3 (P<0.05), cleaved caspase-9 (P<0.05), and inhibited cytochrome C and second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac) release from mito-chondria to cytoplasm, i.e. , GA reduced the expressionlevel of Smac, which inhibited c-IAP1 activity (P<0.05), ultimately inhibiting the activity of caspase-3, according to Western blotting analysis. As a result, GA suppressed activation of the caspase cascades and prevented he-patocyte apoptosis.

Distributed hydrological models for addressing effects of spatial variability of roughness on overland flow

In this study, we investigated the origin of the overland flow roughness problem and divided the current overland flow roughness research into three types, as follows: the first type of research takes into account the effects of roughness on the volume and velocity of surface runoff, flood peaks, and the scouring capability of flows, but has not addressed the spatial variability of roughness in detail; the second type of research considers that surface roughness varies spatially with different land usage types, land-cover conditions, and different tillage forms, but lacks a quantitative study of the spatial variability; and the third type of research simply deals with the spatial variability of roughness in each grid cell or land type. We present three shortcomings of the current overland flow roughness research, including(1) the neglect of roughness in distributed hydrological models when simulating the overland flow direction and distribution,(2) the lack of consideration of spatial variability of roughness in hydrological models, and(3) the failure to distinguish the roughness formulas in different overland flow regimes. To solve these problems,distributed hydrological model research should focus on four aspects in regard to overland flow: velocity field observations, flow regime mechanisms, a basic roughness theory, and scale problems.

Red Electroluminescence and Photoluminescence from Novel Binuclear Europium Complex with Squaric Acid Ligand

A novel binuclear europium P-diketone complex with squaric acid ligand was synthesized for the first time. Its structure was elucidated by IR, UV, and Elemental Analysis. Red light emitting diode (LED) was fabricated by using the novel europium complex as an emitting layer, tris(8-quinolinolate) aluminum (III) (Alq(3)) as an electron-transporting layer, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-(3-methylphenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (TPD) as a hole-transporting layer. A cell structure of indium-tin-oxide/TPD/Eu-complex/Alq(3)/Mg: Ag was employed. Red electroluminescence was observed at room temperature with dc bias voltage of 2 V in this cell. 2 Red emission peaks at about 613 nm with maximum luminance of over 106 cd/m(2). Compared with the EL luminance from those europium complexes reported before, one from the Eu-complex is best in the same cells.

Comprehensive analysis of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related mechanisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND The endoplasmic reticulum(ER)is closely related to a wide range of cellular functions and is a key component to maintain and restore metabolic health.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a serious threat to human health,but the ER stress(ERS)-related mechanisms in T2DM have not been fully elucidated.AIM To identify potential ERS-related mechanisms and crucial biomarkers in T2DM.METHODS We conducted gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)and gene set variation analysis(GSVA)in myoblast and myotube form GSE166502,and obtained the differentially expressed genes(DEGs).After intersecting with ERS-related genes,we obtained ERS-related DEGs.Finally,functional analyses,immune infiltration,and several networks were established.RESULTS Through GSEA and GSVA,we identified several metabolic and immune-related pathways.We obtained 227 ERS-related DEGs and constructed several important networks that help to understand the mechanisms and treatment of T2DM.Finally,memory CD4^(+)T cells accounted for the largest proportion of immune cells.CONCLUSION This study revealed ERS-related mechanisms in T2DM,which might contribute to new ideas and insights into the mechanisms and treatment of T2DM.

经B超引导腹腔穿刺置管及接管方式对循环热灌注流速及腹水控制率的临床观察

目的:分析采用彩色超声(B超)引导的腹腔置管及接管方式对腹腔循环热灌注流速及腹水控制率的影响。方法:选取2017年2月至2019年12月就诊烟台市中医医院行腹腔循环热灌注化疗的36例患者,按不同的置管及接管方式分为试验组和对照组,分析比较两组的循环热灌注流速及腹水控制率。结果:36例患者中试验组18例,对照组18例。试验组采用B超引导的腹腔置管及接管方式,第1次和第3次循环热灌注高灌注流速时间及有效流速时长均优于对照组。试验组患者腹水完全控制率明显优于对照组(66.67%vs.44.44%,P<0.05)。结论:采用B超引导的腹腔置管及接管方式增加了循环热灌注流速及其稳定性,提高了腹水的完全控制率,扩大了循环热灌注化疗的临床应用范围。

Simultaneous Detection of Flare-related Decaying and Decayless Kink Oscillations Using Jerk-aware Motion Magnification

Kink oscillations of coronal loops are often influenced by external events and this results in various changes of the oscillations.Studying the changes can provide valuable information for understanding kink oscillations.Our observation focuses on a flare region acquired by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on the Solar Dynamics Observatory spacecraft on 2016 March 23.There are a bunch of arched loops and an open loop near the region.However,their oscillations show very low amplitudes.So we used the jerk-aware motion method to magnify the weak oscillations.We found that before the flare onset at 02:59 UT,there were some large loops above the arched loops being raised rapidly.The properties of the weak oscillations show clear changes.On the one hand,the oscillations in the arched loops were decayless initially,but both their amplitude and period increased after 02:30 UT and before the flare onset.Once enhanced,the oscillations decayed with time.On the other hand,the oscillations in the open loop were nearly constant before and after 02:30 UT,but their period increased.This means that the changes in periods and amplitudes of oscillations are likely associated with the loops raised before the flare.

Retroperitoneal tumor finally diagnosed as a bronchogenic cyst:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst(RBC)is an extremely rare developmental abnormality.Most are benign tumors but malignant transformation is possible.Because of their anatomical position,RBCs are easily misdiagnosed as adrenal or pancreatic solid tumors on radiological evaluation.Here,we report a case of RBC,review the literature,and summarize some important features.CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old woman was incidentally found to have a retroperitoneal tumor during a physical examination.Enhanced computed tomography and laboratory evaluations,including routine blood examination,blood biochemistry,24-h urine 17 ketones,17 hydroxyls,adrenocortical hormone,serum potassium concentration,serum amylase,lipase,and epithelial tumor markers,revealed a moderate density,54 mm×40 mm mass with a clear boundary near the left adrenal gland.The were no abnormalities in the blood and urine values.Because the patient had a history of hypertension and the location of the mass was adjacent to the adrenal gland,it was initially diagnosed as a left adrenal tumor and was resected by retroperitoneal laparoscopy.However,the pathological examination after surgery confirmed it to be a bronchogenic cyst.CONCLUSION Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery can be prioritized for symptomatic RBC patients.Conservative treatment is feasible for selected patients.

Research on the Dynamic Response of Submerged Floating Tunnels to Wave Currents and Traffic Load

Submerged floating tunnel(SFTs)are typically subjected to complex external environmental and internal loads such as wave currents and traffic load.In this study,this problem is investigated through a finite element method able to account for fluid-structure interaction.The obtained results show that increasing the number of vehicles per unit length enhances the transverse vibrational displacements of the SFT cross sections.Under ultimate traffic load condition,one-way and two-way syntropic distributions can promote the dynamic responses of SFTs whereas two-way reverse distributions have the opposite effect.

Changes in the proliferative activity of hippocampal neural stem cells from manganismus mice

BACKGROUND： Manganese neurotoxicity presents in the form of not only extracorticospinal tract injury of central nervous system （CNS）, but also learning and memory ability damage. So, the mechanism of manganese neurotoxicity will be further studied from the angle of hippocampus.OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of manganlsm on learning and memory ability and the proliferation of neural stem cells （NSCs） in hippocampus of mouse brains, and analyze whether this effect has dose-dependence. DESIGN： Randomized controlled experiment. SETTING： Department of Human Anatomy, and Department of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, Guangxi Medical University. MATERIALS： Twenty-eight male Kunming mice, aged 2 weeks, were involved in this experiment. The involved mice were randomized into 4 groups, with 7 in each： control group, low-dose manganism group, middle-dose manganism group and high-dose manganism group. Manganese chloride was purchased from Shantou Chemicals Factory. METHODS： This experiment was carried out in the Experimental Center for Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University from November 2005 to August 2006. Mice in the low-, middle- and high-dose manganism groups were intraperitoneally injected with 5, 20 and 50 mg/kg per day manganese chloride, once a day, for 2 weeks successively. Mice in the control group were injected with the same amount of stroke-physiological saline solution. Neurobehavioral detection of all the animals was performed in Morris water maze constantly from the 7^th day afler the first injection of manganese chloride solution. Learning ability was detected in the place navigation test. Mice were trained for 5 consecutive days with four trials per day. The time to find the platform was latency. Memory ability was detected in spatial probe test. Platform was withdrawn on the following day of place navigation. The mice were placed in the water from a random start in the edge of the pool. The number of times they traversed the plateform＇s region was recorded as the performance of spatial memory. At the final two days of the water maze tests, all the animals were daily intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg BrdU three times successively, once every 4 hours. At 24 hours after the final BrdU injection, all the animals were sacrificed and perfused, and their brains were harvested, fixed and successively sliced at coronary plane on a freezing mierotome. Distribution and number of BrdU-positive cells in the subgranular zone of hippocampus of brains of experimental animas were detected respectively by immunohistochemistry for reflecting the proliferation of NSCs. Single-factor analysis of variance was used for comparing the difference of measurement data. Linear correlation analysis was used among the performance record in Morris water maze test, the number of BrdU-immunopositive cells and the dose of manganism. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Learning and memory ability and the number of hippoeampal NSCs of mice in each group. RESULTS： ①Performance of mice in Morris water maze： In the place navigation test, there was a significant retarded learning in mice of high-dose manganlsm group from the 3^rd day as compared with control group （P 〈 0.01）. Till the 5^th day, escape latency of mice in each manganism group was prolonged, and lcarning performance was significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05）, while swimming speed did not affect above results. In the spatial probe test, the average frequency of middle- and high-dose manganism groups was 1.17±1.60 and 0.80±1.10, respectively, and decreased remarkably than that of control group which was 4.86 ± 1.35 （P 〈 0.01）, indicating memory ability was decreased; while the average frequency of low-dose manganlsm group did not differ obviously from that of control group （P =0.066） although it was 2.67 ± 3.27. The difference of swimming speed in each group was still of no statistic significance （P 〉 0.05）. ②Effect of manganism on the number of NSCs： After counting, the average number of BrdU- immunopositive cells of one side in the control group, low-, middle- and high-dose manganism groups was 69.20 ±4.48, 36.63 ± 4.50, 31.00±6.87, 26.76 ±4.83, individually （P 〈 0.01）. ③Results of linear correlation analysis： The ability of spatial memory was significantly in positive correlation with the number of BrdU-labeled cells （ r =0.734, P 〈 0.01）, and in negative correlation with the intensity of manganese poisoning （r = - 0.598, P 〈 0.01 ）.Meanwhile, there was a significant negative correlation between the number of BrdU-labeled cells and the intensity of manganese poisoning（r = - 0.666, P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： Manganese exposure in mice can affect the ability of learning and memory, which is probably caused by the inhibition of manganese to the neurogenesis of NSCs in hippocampus in dose-dependent manner.

Focal intramural hematoma as a potential pitfall for iatrogenic aortic dissection during subclavian artery stenting: A case report

BACKGROUND Iatrogenic aortic dissection(IAD)is a rare but fatal complication of interventional treatment for the proximal supra-aortic large vessels.Several cases of IAD after endovascular treatment of subclavian artery have been reported.Nevertheless,the pathogenesis of IAD is still unclear.Here we report a patient with IAD following a balloon expandable stent implanted into the left subclavian artery(LSA).CASE SUMMARY An 84-year-old man with a history of hypertension was admitted to the Neurology Department of our hospital complaining of dizziness and gait disturbance for more than 1 mo.Computed tomography angiography of the head and neck showed severe stenosis at the proximal LSA and the origin of the left vertebral artery.Magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging of the brain revealed subacute infarctions in cerebellum,occipital lobe and medulla oblongata.He suffered a Stanford type B aortic dissection after the proximal LSA angioplasty with a balloon expandable stent.Thoracic endovascular aortic repair was performed immediately with the chimney technique and he was discharged 20 d later.After exploring the pathogenesis with multimodal imaging analysis,an easily neglected focal intramural hematoma(IMH)in the aorta near the junction of the LSA was found to be the main cause of the IAD.The risk of IAD should be sufficiently evaluated according to the characteristics of aortic arch lesions before the proximal LSA angioplasty.CONCLUSION Focal aortic IMH is a potential risk factor for IAD during a seemingly simple stenting of the proximal LSA.

Desertification and Blown Sand Disaster in China

Approximately 331 million ha, one-third of China＇s total land, is prone to desertification processes, leading to natural disasters and economic losses. In this study, the situation, tendency, their influences and their risk governance of desertification and blown sand disaster in China were examined using satellite images, field photographs, field data and a literature review. The desiccated areas in Lop Nor and the lower Heihe River fluvial plain covered about 50,000 km2 and 40,000 km2, respectively. In Ejina, about 100 species of vegetation became extinct. The rate of wind erosion in China was between 1,000 tons/km2/year and 2,000 tons/km2/year. There were 12 sand deserts and sandy lands, occupying a total of 710,000 km2. Salinized soils occurred across 99.1 million ha. The two main sand and dust storm-prone areas in China were the Tarim Basin and its surroundings, and the Alxa Plateau and its surroundings. From 1981 to 2007, the annual average frequency of sand and dust storms varied from 1 d to 37 d with a general increase from southeast to northwest. Since 1978, China has implemented a number of ecological construction projects that have reduced desertification from 1999 to 2004 and from 2005 to 2009, and the number of dust and sand storm days from 9.3 d between 1954 and 1959 to 4.4 d between 2000 and 2007. The results could improve understanding of desertification and blown sand disasters in China and provide valuable experiences for global desertification control.

Efficacy and safety of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction on sick sinus syndrome： Ameta – analysis

Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction on sick sinus syndrome andprovide evidence for clinical practice. Methods： Randomized controlled trials of all the languages of MahuangFuzi Xixin Decoction on sick sinus syndrome were collected by computer search and manual retrieval. Theretrieval time was from January 2000 to January 2017. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2reviewers independently selected and extracted data, then evaluated the quality, cross-checked the information andevaluated the quality of menthodology. Through discussion or third reviewer to help solve the divergence, RevMan5.3 software was used to perform meta analysis. Results： A total of 7 documents （n = 612） were finally enrolled,with 358 in Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction group （treatment group） and 254 in control group. Meta analysisshowed that the treatment （86.9%） was more effective than the control （70.1%）, the difference was statisticallysignificant （RR = 1.25, 95% CI：（1.15-1.37）, P 〈 0.001）; the treatment （17.0%） was safer than the control （49.8%）,the difference was statistically significant （RR=0.23,95% CI：（0.06-0.93）, P =0.04）. Conclusion： The existingclinical studies suggest that Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction on sick sinus syndrome is effective and safe; due to thelimited quality of the enrolled documents, the above conclusions need more high-quality randomized controlledtrials to be verified.

Research Progress of Sodium Channel and Its Anti-arrhythmic Drugs

With the acceleration of population aging,heart disease has been a high priority,and cardiac ion channel research has been one of the hot spots in the field,Sodium ion channels,as the most important class,have been widely concerned.Therefore,this paper briefly introduces and discusses three aspects of the structure and function of sodium ion channels and the development of drug research.

重组人角质细胞生长因子-2工程菌的发酵条件研究

人角质细胞生长因子-2对烧伤、割伤等造成的皮肤损伤具有良好的促进修复和愈合功能,在临床、化妆品等方面具有极大的应用潜力。为此,人角质细胞生长因子-2的规模化生产和制备成为开发应用的一项重要前提。本文利用正交实验设计,在摇瓶条件下优化了培养基组分和pH等培养条件对大肠杆菌工程菌细胞生长和重组人角质细胞生长因子-2重组表达的影响。结果表明工程菌生长及表达的最优培养基组分和条件确定为葡萄糖10g/L、蛋白胨20g/L、酵母提取物10g/L、pH7.5及IPTG诱导时间5~6h。最后,在100升的BLBIO-15SIA发酵罐中以优化的发酵条件进行了3个独立批次的发酵实验,工程菌的生物量达到100g/L(DCW)、重组人角质细胞生长因子-2表达量占全细胞总蛋白约为30%。这些结果为进一步中试开发奠定了基础。