Microarray Analysis of MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Newborn and Adult Rats Hippocampus

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a functional small non-coding RNA and play essential roles in gene regulation indevelopment, differentiation and proliferation. In order to investigate the miRNAs function in Lewis rat hippocampal development, in this study, newborn and adult hippocampi were deliberately selected to analyze the miRNA expression profiles by microarray. Microarray analyses identified 22 differentially expressed miRNAs (>1.5 fold, intersection of two sets). Of these, 12 were down-regulated and 10 were up-regulated during hippocampus development. DAVID Functional Annotation Cluster (FAC) analysis of the 317 predicted target genes of down-regulated miRNAs revealed confident enrichment scores for cell adhesion and neuron development etc., indicating the functional significance and importance of these miRNAs during hippocampal development. Bioinformatic analyses of the differentially expressed miRNAs have identified a number of miRNAs with putative involvement in the hippocampus developing process. This study lays a solid foundation for further studies to clarify the important regulation function of miRNAs in brain tissue.

Treatment of singultus following craniocerebral injury Intranasal cavity drip infusion versus intramuscular injection of aminazine

Craniocerebral injury always accompanies with singultus, while frequent singultus may cause increased intracranial pressure. Simultaneously, respiratory alkalosis and cerebral hypoxia induced by respiratory disorder may aggravate craniocerebral injury. OBJECTIVE： To observe the therapeutic effects of intranasal cavity drip infusion of aminazine and intramuscular injection on singultus following craniocerebral injury. DESIGN： Contrast observation. SETTING： Department ofNeurosurgery, Xi＇an Aerospace General Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 102 patients with singultus following craniocerebral injury were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Xi＇an Aerospace General Hospital from June 2001 to June 2006. Patients with craniocerebral injury were diagnosed with CT examination and randomly divided into nasal cavity medication group （n =62） and intramuscular injection group （n =40）. There were 44 males and 18 females in the nasal cavity medication group and their mean age was （33±4） years; while, there were 26 males and 14 females in the intramuscular injection group and their mean age was （29±4） years. All patients and their relatives provided the confirmed consent. METHODS： Patients in the nasal cavity medication group were slowly dripped aminazine solution into bilateral nasal cavity with the dosage of 12.5 mg （0.5 mL）. Patients who had no obvious effect or had mild improvement received the treatment once every 6 hours. The treatment was stopped if symptoms were also observed after the fifth medication. In addition, patients in the intramuscular injection group received intramuscular injection of 50 mg aminazine. Patients who had no obvious effect or had mild improvement received the treatment once every 6 hours. The treatment was changed if symptoms were also observed after the fifth medication. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Therapeutic effects of different medications in the two groups. RESULTS： All 102 patients were involved in the final analysis. Effective rate in the nasal cavity medication group was higher than that in the intramuscular injection group, and there was significant difference （ x^2= 11.882, P 〈 0.01 ）. At 6 hours after onset of singultus, effective rate in the nasal cavity medication group was higher than that in the intramuscular injection group, and there was significant difference （ x^2 =8.188, P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Therapeutic effects of intranasal cavity drip infusion of aminazine on singultus following craniocerebral injury are superior to those of intramuscular injection.

Influencing factor of sinter body strength and its effects on iron ore sintering indexes

Sinter body strength, which reflects the strength of sinter, plays an important role in the improvement of sinter. In this study, the sinter body strengths of iron ores were measured using a microsintering method. The relationship between the chemical composition and sinter body strength was discussed. Moreover, sinter-pot tests were performed. The effects of sinter body strength on the sintering indexes were then elucidated, and the bottom limit of sinter body strength of blending ores was confirmed. In the results, the compressive strengths（CSs） of iron ores are observed to decrease with the increasing of the contents of loss on ignition（LOI）, SiO 2, and Al2O3; however, LOI of less than 3wt% does not substantially influence the CSs of fine ores. In the case of similar mineral composition, the porosity, in particular, the ratio between the number of large pores and the total number of pores, strongly influences the sinter body strength. With an increase of the blending-ore CSs used in sinter-pot tests, the yield, productivity, and tumbler strength increase, and the solid fuel consumption decreases. The CSs of the blending ores only slightly affect the sintering time. The CS bottom limit of the blending ores is 310 N. When the CSs of the blending ores increase by 10%, the yield, productivity, and tumbler index increase by 1.9%, 2.8%, and 2.0%, respectively, and the solid fuel consumption decreases by 1.9%.

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation is superior to hepatic resection in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND It is not known whether percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(PRFA)has the same treatment efficacy and fewer complications than laparoscopic resection in patients with small centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To compare the effectiveness of PRFA with classical laparoscopic resection in patients with small HCC and document the safety parameters.METHODS In this retrospective study,85 patients treated with hepatic resection(HR)and 90 PRFA-treated patients were enrolled in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2019.Treatment outcomes,including major complications and survival data,were evaluated.RESULTS The results showed that minor differences existed in the baseline characteristics between the patients in the two groups.PRFA significantly increased cumulative recurrence-free survival(hazard ratio 1.048,95%CI:0.265-3.268)and overall survival(hazard ratio 0.126,95%CI:0.025-0.973);PRFA had a lower rate of major complications than HR(7.78%vs 20.0%,P<0.05),and hospital stay was shorter in the PRFA group than in the HR group(7.8±0.2 d vs 9.5±0.3 d,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Based on the data obtained,we conclude that PRFA was superior to HR and may reduce complications and hospital stay in patients with small HCC.

The 3D nanoimaging beamline at SSRF

Full-field transmission X-ray microscopy(TXM)is a powerful non-destructive three-dimensional(3D)imaging method with a nanoscale spatial resolution that has been used in most synchrotron facilities worldwide.An in-house-designed TXM system was constructed at the BL18B 3D nanoimaging beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.The beamline operates from 5 to 14 keV and enables 20 nm spatial resolution imaging.The characterization details of the beamline are described in this paper.The performances in terms of spatial resolution,nano-CT,and nano-spectral imaging of the TXM beamline are also presented in this article.

Integrated system of traditional THz time-domain spectroscopy and asynchronous optical sampling

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS)system,as a new means of spectral analysis and detection,plays an increasingly pivotal role in basic scientific research.However,owing to the long scanning time of the traditional THz-TDS system and the complex control of the asynchronous optical scanning(ASOPS)system,which requires frequent calibration,we combine traditional THz-TDS and ASOPS systems to form a composite system and propose an all-fiber trigger signal generation method based on the time overlapping interference signal generated by the collinear motion of two laser pulses.Finally,the time-domain and frequency-domain spectra are obtained by using two independent systems in the integrated systems.It is found that the full width at half maximum(FWHM)of the time-domain spectra and the spectral width of the frequency-domain spectra are almost the same,but the sampling speed of the ASOPS system is significantly faster than that of the traditional THz-TDS system,which conduces to the study of the transient characteristics of substances.

Weld Defects in Laser-Welded 7A52 High-Strength Aluminum Alloy Plates with Varying Thicknesses

This study aims to explore a method suitable for welding 7A52 high-strength aluminum alloy plates with continuously varying thicknesses and the causes of microscopic defects in welds in order to improve welding quality.Comparative tests were conducted to analyze weld defects and deformation when welding the aluminum alloy plates with varying thicknesses at constant laser power.The laser power required for melting welds at varying-thickness positions was estimated.Weld defects and deformation when welding aluminum alloy plates with varying thicknesses at con-tinuous variable laser power were detected.The causes of microscopic weld defects during constant-power welding were analyzed.The welding defects and deformation and the welding quality were improved by welding aluminum alloy plates at continuous variable power.

DOPO超分子作用阻尼硅材料的动态力学性能

以9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)接入多乙烯基硅油中制得具有超分子作用的硅橡胶阻尼材料(DOPO-PMVSPVMQ)。研究了材料基团之间的超分子作用及其对材料阻尼性能的影响,建立具有超分子修正项的分数阶导数Kelvin-SI模型。采用模型对材料的动态力学性能进行了表征,研究其在不同环境条件下的性能变化情况。模型可以准确有效地对材料在不同温度(240~420 K)、不同频率(1~100 Hz)下的存储模量及损失模量进行描述。材料的存储模量及损耗因子都随着温度的升高逐渐减小,随频率的增加逐渐增大。在研究的温度及频率范围内材料的模量在0.4~0.8 MPa之间,损耗因子在0.15~0.3之间。在宽温宽频范围内,模型修正项贡献率在30%~60%之间。随着温度的升高、频率的增加贡献率逐渐下降,但仍然在20%以上。

The Effect of Tension-Free Herniorrhaphy in the Preperitoneal Space on the Treatment of Hernia

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of tension-free herniorrhaphy in the preperitoneal space in patients with hernia.Methods:The study period was from January 2020 to December 2022.198 samples of hernia patients admitted to our hospital were selected and divided into a research group(n=99)and a control group(n=99).Patients in the control group underwent tension-free herniorrhaphy with plain films,and patients in the study group underwent tension-free herniorrhaphy in the preperitoneal space.The surgical and postoperative recovery-related indicators,incidence of complications,and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The intraoperative and postoperative recovery indexes of the study group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Tension-free herniorrhaphy in the preperitoneal space shortens the operation and postoperative recovery time of hernia patients and reduces the incidence of postoperative complications,so it should be popularized.

二烯丙基二硫在RORα抑制人胃癌细胞上皮间质转化中的作用

目的探讨二烯丙基二硫(DADS)是否上调维甲酸相关孤核受体α(RORα)抑制人胃癌细胞株MGC803细胞上皮-间质转化(EMT)。方法相差显微镜观察MGC803细胞形态的改变。逆转录PCR(RTPCR)、蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)、免疫荧光与免疫组织化学检测EMT的相关分子表达。裸鼠实验检测DADS与沉默RORα对移植瘤生长的影响。结果相差显微镜显示,沉默RORα细胞较MGC803细胞大小与形状差异更明显。DADS作用后,细胞大小较一致,呈圆形或椭圆形,梭形细胞减少,异型性下降。RT-PCR与Western blot显示,DADS处理后较处理前各组RORαm RNA与蛋白表达上调(P<0.05)。DADS作用对照组与空载体组较沉默组效果更为明显(P<0.05)。RORα沉默较对照组和空载体组细胞锌指转录因子(Snail)和波形蛋白(Vimentin)m RNA与蛋白表达上调,而E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)m RNA与蛋白下调(P<0.05)。DADS处理后,各组Snail蛋白下调、Vimentin m RNA与蛋白下调和E-cadherin m RNA与蛋白上调(P<0.05)。免疫荧光显示,沉默组细胞Snail与Vimentin阳性表达较对照组增强,而E-cadherin阳性表达减弱。DADS作用后,结果相反。裸鼠移植瘤实验显示,RORα沉默组移植瘤较对照组生长加快和体重增加(P<0.05),增殖细胞核抗原(Ki-67)、Snail、CD34及Vimentin阳性表达较对照组增加,而E-cadherin阳性降低。DADS处理各组移植瘤生长与体积减慢与减小,Ki-67、Snail、CD34与Vimentin阳性表达较对照组减弱,而E-cadherin阳性表达增强。结论 DADS通过上调RORα可体内外抑制人胃癌MGC803细胞EMT。

MiRNA-181d Is Involved in CREB1 Expression in PC12 Cells

MicroRNAs are involved in regulation of the central nervous system (CNS) development, and miR-181d highly expressed in mature neurons. CREB is many signal pathways converged point in hippocampal neurons, and it plays a crucial role in learning and memory. In this study, we detected the negative relationship between CREB1 protein and miR-181d expression in lewis rat hippocampus development. And the bioinformatic analysis showed that, CREB1 mRNA contains complementary sequence to the miR-181d seed region. Then we further demonstrated that miR-181d controls the expression level of CREB1 gene in PC12 cells by luciferase assay and western blot. Taken together, our data demonstrated that CREB1 mRNA is the target gene of miR-181d, and conformed CREB1 protein expression was regulated by miR-181d in PC12 cells.

Analysis of workload of tank crew under the conditions of informatization

A consensus has been reached that the tanks need to be integrated into the informatization battlefield. With the development of technology,the tank crew has being gradually decreased, so the research on two-soldier crew tank has become a hotspot. The workload of tank crew under the conditions of informatization is analyzed based on the combat mission of tank and the typical combat scenarios, and the impact of new technologies on workload is evaluated. The crew members in tank can be reduced from three to two, but it is necessary to substantially improve the automation of target search and the reliability of each subsystem and component.

Ischemia/hypoxia inhibits cardiomyocyte autophagy and promotes apoptosis via the Egr-1/Bim/Beclin-1 pathway

Background Myocardial injury caused by microvascular obstruction(MVO)is characterized by persistent ischemia/hypoxia(IH)of cardiomyocytes after microembolization.Autophagy and Egr-1 were closely associated with various cardiovascular diseases,including MVO.Bim and Beclin-1 are the important genes for autophagy and apoptosis.We aimed to explore whether the Egr-1/Bim/Beclin-1 pathway is involved in regulating autophagy and apoptosis in IH-exposed cardiomyocytes.Methods Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes exposed to the IH environment in vitro were transfected with lentivirus expressing Egr-1 or Egr-1 sh RNA,or further treated with 3-methyladenine(3-MA).The expressions of autophagy and apoptosis-associated genes were evaluated using RT-q PCR and Western blots assays.Autophagic vacuoles and autophagic flux were detected by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and confocal microscope,respectively.Cell injury was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)leakage,and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry.Results IH exposure elevated Egr-1 and Bim expressions,and decreased Beclin-1 expression in rat cardiomyocytes.Egr-1 overexpression in IH-exposed cardiomyocytes significantly up-regulated the levels of Egr-1 and Bim,and down-regulated the level of Beclin-1.Egr-1 knockdown resulted in down-regulated expressions of Egr-1 and Bim,as well as up-regulated expression of Beclin-1.In addition,Egr-1 knockdown induced autophagy was suppressed by 3-MA treatments.TEM and autophagic flux experiments also confirmed that Egr-1 inhibited autophagy progression in IH-exposed cardiomyocytes.Egr-1 suppression protected cardiomyocytes from IH-induced injury,as evidenced by the positive correlations between Egr-1 expression and LDH leakage or apoptosis index in IH-exposed cardiomyocytes.Conclusions IH-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis are regulated by the Egr-1/Bim/Beclin-1 pathway,which is a potential target for treating cardiomyocyte injury caused by MVO in the IH environment.

Influence of gangue existing states in iron ores on the formation and flow of liquid phase during sintering

Gangue existing states largely affect the high-temperature characteristics of iron ores. Using a micro-sintering method and scan- ning electron microscopy, the effects of gangue content, gangue type, and gangue size on the assimilation characteristics and fluidity of liquid phase of five different iron ores were analyzed in this study. Next, the mechanism based on the reaction between gangues and sintering mate- dais was unraveled. The results show that, as the SiO2 levels increase in the iron ores, the lowest assimilation temperature （LAT） decreases, whereas the index of fluidity of liquid phase （IFL） increases. Below 1.5wt%, Al2O3 benefits the assimilation reaction, but higher concentra- tions proved detrimental. Larger quartz particles increase the SiO2 levels at the local reaction interface between the iron ore and CaO, thereby reducing the LAT. Quartz-gibbsite is more conductive to assimilation than kaolin. Quartz-gibbsite and kaolin gangues encourage the forma- tion of liquid-phase low-Al2O3-SFCA with high IFL and high-Al2O3-SFCA with low IFL, respectively.

Research of Trap and Electron Density Distributions in the Interface of Polyimide/Al2O3 Nanocomposite Films Based on IDC and SAXS

The distributions of traps and electron density in the interfaces between polyimide （PI） matrix and Al2O3 nanoparticles are researched using the isothermal decay current and the small-angle x-ray scattering （SAXS） tests. According to the electron density distribution for quasi two-phase mixture doped by spherical nanoparticles, the electron densities in the interfaces of PI/Al2O3 nanocomposite films are evaluated. The trap level density and carrier mobility in the interface are studied. The experimental results show that the distribution and the change rate of the electron density in the three layers of interface are different, indicating different trap distributions in the interface layers. There is a maximum trap level density in the second layer, where the maximum trap level density for the nanocomposite film doped by 25 wt% is 1.054 × 10^22 eV·m^-3 at 1.324eV, resulting in the carrier mobility reducing. In addition, both the thickness and the electron density of the nanocomposite film interface increase with the addition of the doped Al2O3 contents. Through the study on the trap level distribution in the interface, it is possible to further analyze the insulation mechanism and to improve the performance of nano-dielectric materials.

Lynch syndrome pre-screening and comprehensive characterization in a multi-center large cohort of Chinese patients with colorectal cancer

Objective:Lynch syndrome(LS)pre-screening methods remain under-investigated in colorectal cancers(CRCs)in Asia.Here,we aimed to systematically investigate LS pre-screening and comprehensively characterize LS CRCs.Methods:Microsatellite instability(MSI)and germline variants of DNA mismatch repair(MMR)genes were examined in 406 deficient MMR(dMMR)and 250 proficient MMR CRCs.The genetic differences between LS and sporadic CRCs were studied with whole exome sequencing analysis.Results:The incidence of dMMR in Chinese patients with CRCs was 13.8%.Consistency analysis between MMR immunohistochemistry(IHC)and MSI testing showed the kappa value was 0.758.With next-generation sequencing(NGS),germline variants were detected in 154 CRCs.Finally,88 patients with CRC were identified as having LS by Sanger sequencing.Among them,we discovered 21 previously unreported pathogenic germline variants of MMR genes.Chinese patients with LS,compared with sporadic CRCs,tended to be early-onset,right-sided,early-stage and mucinous.Overall,the performance of MMR IHC and MSI testing for LS pre-screening was comparable:the area under the ROC curve for dMMR,MSI-H,and MSI-H/L was 0.725,0.750,and 0.745,respectively.dMMR_MSI-H LS and sporadic CRCs showed substantial differences in somatic genetic characteristics,including different variant frequencies of APC,CREBBP,and KRAS,as well as different enriched pathways of VEGF,Notch,TGFβR,mTOR,ErbB,and Rac protein signal transduction.Conclusions:MMR IHC and MSI testing were effective methods for LS pre-screening.The revealed clinical and somatic genetic characteristics in LS CRCs may have the potential to improve the performance of LS pre-screening in combination with dMMR/MSI.

Effect of external electric field on the terahertz transmission characteristics of electrolyte solutions

We fabricated a microfluidic chip with simple structure and good sealing performance,and studied the influence of the electric field on THz absorption intensity of liquid samples treated at different times by using THz time domain spectroscopy system.The tested liquids were deionised water and CuSO_(4),CuC_(l2),NaHCO_(3),Na_(2)CO_(3) and NaCl solutions.The transmission intensity of the THz wave increases as the standing time of the electrolyte solution in the electric field increases.The applied electric field alters the dipole moment of water molecules in the electrolyte solution,which affects the vibration and rotation of the whole water molecules,breaks the hydrogen bonds in the water,increases the number of single water molecules and leads to the enhancement of the THz transmission spectrum.

Terahertz generation and detection of LT-GaAs thin film photoconductive antennas excited by lasers of different wavelengths

A new method of generating and detecting terahertz waves is proposed.Low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide(LT-Ga As)thin films are prepared by etching a sacrificial layer(Al As)in a four-layer epitaxial structure constituted with LT-Ga As,Al As,Ga As,and semi-insulating gallium arsenide(SI-Ga As).The thin films are then transferred to clean silicon for fabricating the LT-Ga As thin film antennas.The quality and transmission characteristics of the films are analyzed by an800-nm asynchronous ultrafast time domain spectroscopy system,and the degree of bonding between the film and silicon wafer is determined.Two LT-Ga As thin film antennas for generating and detecting the terahertz waves are tested with a1550-nm femtosecond laser.The terahertz signal is successfully detected,proving the feasibility of this home-made LTGa As photoconductive antennas.This work lays a foundation for studying the mechanism of terahertz wave generation in Ga As photoconductive antennas below the semiconductor band gap.

Plant carbon substrate supply regulated soil nitrogen dynamics in a tallgrass prairie in the Great Plains, USA: results of a clipping and shading experiment

Land use management affects plant carbon(C)supply and soil environments and hence alters soil nitrogen(N)dynamics,with consequent feedbacks to terrestrial ecosystem productivity.The objective of this study was to better identify mechanisms by which land-use management(clipping and shading)regulates soil N in a tallgrass prairie,OK,USA.Methods We conducted 1-year clipping and shading experiment to investigate the effects of changes in land-use management(soil microclimates,plant C substrate supply and microbial activity)on soil inorganic N(NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N),net N mineralization and nitrification in a tallgrass prairie.Important Findings Land-use management through clipping and/or shading significantly increased annual mean inorganic N,possibly due to lowered plant N uptake and decreased microbial N immobilization into biomass growth.Shading significantly increased annual mean mineralization rates(P<0.05).Clipping slightly decreased annual mean N nitrification rates whereas shading significantly increased annual mean N nitrification rates.Soil microclimate significantly explained 36%of the variation in NO_(3)^(-)-N concentrations(P=0.004).However,soil respiration,a predictor of plant C substrate supply and microbial activity,was negatively correlated with NH_(4)^(+)-N concentrations(P=0.0009),net N mineralization(P=0.0037)and nitrification rates(P=0.0028)across treatments.Our results suggest that change in C substrate supply andmicrobial activity under clipping and/or shading is a critical control on NH_(4)^(+)-N,net N mineralization and nitrification rates,whereas clipping and shading-induced soil microclimate change can be important for NO_(3)^(-)-N variation in the tallgrass prairie.

Additive manufacturing of multi-morphology graded titanium scaffolds for bone implant applications

Porous Titanium scaffolds have attracted widespread attention as bone implants for avoiding the stress shielding effect and promoting bone-in-growth.In this study,multi-morphology graded scaffolds hy-bridized by Primitive and Gyroid structures with porosity of 50,60,and 70%were designed(denoted as PG50,PG60,and PG70,respectively)and fabricated by selective laser melting.The simulation results showed that the maximum von-Mises stress of hybridized scaffolds increased from 504.22 to 884.24 MPa with porosity.The permeability and average pore size of multi-morphology PG50,PG60,and PG70 were in the range of 3.58×10^(-9)-5.50×10^(-9) m^(2) and 568.1-758.4μm,respectively.The microstructure of multi-morphology graded scaffolds consisted of a fully martensiticα′phase.Tested permeabilities of PG50 and PG60 were 3.27×10^(-9) and 4.35×10^(-9) m^(2),respectively,which were within the range of human bone(0.01-12.1×10^(-9) m^(2)).Elastic modulus and compressive yield strength of PG50 and PG60 ranged within 5.93^(-9).86 and 180.06-257.08 MPa,respectively.Therein,the PG50 not only exhibited a similar elastic modulus compared to human cortical bone(10.1 GPa)but also had higher strength(257.08 vs 131 MPa).The results of in vitro biocompatibility assay showed that PG50 and PG60 have better cyto-compatibility than mono-morphology scaffolds with the same porosity.Taken together,PG50 is promising to be used for the restoration of bone defects due to its excellent mechanical properties,appropriate per-meability,and good cytocompatibility.