Background,aim,and scope The tectonic uplift of the Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau has produced a chain effect,which is an excellent location for Earth system science research,and its uplift process,mechanism and environmen...Background,aim,and scope The tectonic uplift of the Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau has produced a chain effect,which is an excellent location for Earth system science research,and its uplift process,mechanism and environmental effects are the hot spot and frontier of the current research.The“Tibetan Plateau uplift-weathering-CO_(2) concentration-global climate change”model was put forward by Raymo and Ruddiman to interpret the Late Cenozoic climate change.However,there are still some questions suspended,such as does the weathering of the Tibetan Plateau have the ability to control the global climate?How to explain the modern-like global CO_(2) concentration starting at about 24 Ma?Here,a short space was taken to present a brainstorm about the above questions on account of existing geological pieces of evidence.Materials and methods In this paper,we integrate the formation and evolution of the Yangtze River and Pearl River,the origin and development of the Asian inland aridification-monsoon system,the Cenozoic tectonic uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau,and the westerly winds to discuss and analyze the relationship between the Cenozoic CO_(2) concentration changes and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and why the CO_(2) concentration similar to the present was formed at about 24 Ma.Results Similar correspondence of the surface uplift history of Xizang,other global mountains,and the declining CO_(2) concentration could support the theory Tibetan Plateau weathering inf luences CO_(2) concentration.Starting from 24 Ma,the most important character was the uplift and erosion of Xizang and Himalaya,collaborating with Ocean Iron Fertilization(OIF)together as an entity to control the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration because the great Asian rivers,Asian monsoons,and westerlies connected Xizang and surrounded seas together through materials transportation.Discussion Paleogeographic reconstructions from 40 Ma to 20 Ma illustrate that the main topographic change occurred in the Andes,Cordillera orogenic belt,and Xizang.We comprise a comprehensive set of evidence from independent data,which correspond temporally with the tipping point(about 24 Ma)of the atmospheric CO_(2) and we noticed that modern-like Asia monsoon,inland aridity,Asian great rivers,and climate zone formed at about 24 Ma and also there are tectonic activities for the Andes and Rockies.We raised the possibility that the modern-like atmospheric CO_(2) concentration at about 24 Ma was caused by the above geological factors.Here the rivers,monsoon,and westerlies are termed as“connectors”.In addition,these Asian rivers originated from Xizang,the monsoon,and inner Asian aridification are strongly a function of the uplift and growth of Xizang,thus,Xizang here is named as“trigger”.The distinct character of“trigger-connectors”model is that this not only takes the monsoon,westerlies,and the global great rivers into consideration but also expands the range which inf luences atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,from local points to a vast area since about 24 Ma,such as from Tibetan Plateau to Asia,including surrounded seas,after about 24 Ma.However,because the opening of the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene Antarctic periphery straits is highly coincident with the onset of modern-like global atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,we are forced to consider that they also had a significant impact on the reduction of atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations at this time.Conclusions“Trigger-connectors”was put forward to explain the Cenozoic CO_(2) variation,especially modern-like global CO_(2) concentration since about 24 Ma.Recommendations and perspectives Here we use the“trigger-connectors”model to explain the formation of modern-like CO_(2) concentrations starting at about 24 Ma,but there are still some problems.The most important premise for the“trigger-connectors”model is the constructed Cenozoic CO_(2) concentration record is reliable,which is the foundation of our hypothesis.In the future,potential improvements should focus on topographic reconstructions of Xizang and the global mountains.Here we have concentrated on Xizang in the considered timeslices but still,pay less attention to other global orogenic belts.Collaborations with geologist experts in those regions could provide valuable feedback to evaluate their potential role of them in CO_(2) evolution.What is more,considerable progress may be achieved with the addition and consideration of more and new geological data.展开更多
目的探究急性缺血性脑卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)病人静脉溶栓治疗后出血转化与脑白质高信号(white matter hyperintensity,WMH)的相关性。方法回顾性分析137例AIS病例资料,均进行静脉溶栓治疗,根据是否发生出血转化分为出血组(53...目的探究急性缺血性脑卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)病人静脉溶栓治疗后出血转化与脑白质高信号(white matter hyperintensity,WMH)的相关性。方法回顾性分析137例AIS病例资料,均进行静脉溶栓治疗,根据是否发生出血转化分为出血组(53例)和未出血组(84例)。采用单因素与Logistic回归分析AIS病人治疗后出血转化的危险因素。结果两组病人年龄、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、高血压、发病到治疗时间、WMH程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示中重度WMH(OR=2.796,95%CI:1.450-5.391)是AIS病人治疗后出血转化的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论WMH是影响AIS病人溶栓治疗后出血转化的危险因素,中重度WMH病人发生出血转化的风险更高。展开更多
目的描述陕西地区大骨节病(Kashin-Beck disease,KBD)患者膝、踝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)和肌肉萎缩相关指标的分布特征,探究膝、踝ROM和肌肉萎缩指标的相关性,为KBD患者临床特征分析提供可参考依据。方法对来自陕西省KBD病区在...目的描述陕西地区大骨节病(Kashin-Beck disease,KBD)患者膝、踝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)和肌肉萎缩相关指标的分布特征,探究膝、踝ROM和肌肉萎缩指标的相关性,为KBD患者临床特征分析提供可参考依据。方法对来自陕西省KBD病区在册KBD患者进行抽样调查。采集KBD患者一般人口学资料,测量患者膝关节(屈曲、伸展),踝关节(背屈、跖屈)活动度以及患者上臂围、大腿围、小腿围和握力等肌肉萎缩相关指标。按照人群特征[性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)]和KBD分度分组,报告KBD患者ROM和肌肉萎缩指标的中位数和四分位数,分析不同组间各指标的差异。控制性别、年龄和BMI等变量后,采用偏相关分析探索各指标间的相关性。结果本研究共调查KBD患者480例,其中男性249(51.9%)例,女性231(48.1%)例,平均年龄(63.10±7.32)岁,平均BMI(23.49±8.90)kg/m^(2)。结果显示,KBD患者膝关节屈曲活动度[105.0(95.0,120.0)]°,膝关节伸展活动度[0.0(-15.0,0.0)]°,踝关节背屈活动度[5.0(0.0,15.0)]°,踝关节跖屈活动度[20.0(15.0,30.0)]°,左侧大腿围[43.0(40.0,47.0)]cm,右侧大腿围[43.0(39.0,47.0)]cm,左侧小腿围[29.0(27.0,32.0)]cm,右侧小腿围[29.5(27.0,32.0)]cm,左侧和右侧上臂围均为[27.0(25.0,30.0)]cm,左手握力[13.4(9.5,18.4)]kg,右手握力[13.9(9.8,18.2)]kg。随着年龄的增加,KBD患者两侧膝关节伸展活动度呈现降低趋势(H=31.499、31.847;P均<0.001)。BMI正常组两侧膝关节屈曲活动度高于超重或肥胖组,差异均有统计学意义(H=7.753、12.333;P=0.021、0.002)。不同KBD分度下,两侧膝关节屈曲、大腿围和小腿围均呈现降低趋势(H=14.345、17.256、8.000、8.462、8.558、9.633;P均<0.05)。相关性分析显示,KBD患者膝关节屈曲活动度与大腿围、小腿围和握力呈正相关关系(P均<0.05)。KBD患者膝关节伸展活动度与大腿围呈正相关关系(P均<0.01)。结论陕西省KBD患者ROM受损和肌肉萎缩较为严重,且ROM与肌肉萎缩存在相关关系。展开更多
文摘Background,aim,and scope The tectonic uplift of the Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau has produced a chain effect,which is an excellent location for Earth system science research,and its uplift process,mechanism and environmental effects are the hot spot and frontier of the current research.The“Tibetan Plateau uplift-weathering-CO_(2) concentration-global climate change”model was put forward by Raymo and Ruddiman to interpret the Late Cenozoic climate change.However,there are still some questions suspended,such as does the weathering of the Tibetan Plateau have the ability to control the global climate?How to explain the modern-like global CO_(2) concentration starting at about 24 Ma?Here,a short space was taken to present a brainstorm about the above questions on account of existing geological pieces of evidence.Materials and methods In this paper,we integrate the formation and evolution of the Yangtze River and Pearl River,the origin and development of the Asian inland aridification-monsoon system,the Cenozoic tectonic uplift process of the Tibetan Plateau,and the westerly winds to discuss and analyze the relationship between the Cenozoic CO_(2) concentration changes and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and why the CO_(2) concentration similar to the present was formed at about 24 Ma.Results Similar correspondence of the surface uplift history of Xizang,other global mountains,and the declining CO_(2) concentration could support the theory Tibetan Plateau weathering inf luences CO_(2) concentration.Starting from 24 Ma,the most important character was the uplift and erosion of Xizang and Himalaya,collaborating with Ocean Iron Fertilization(OIF)together as an entity to control the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration because the great Asian rivers,Asian monsoons,and westerlies connected Xizang and surrounded seas together through materials transportation.Discussion Paleogeographic reconstructions from 40 Ma to 20 Ma illustrate that the main topographic change occurred in the Andes,Cordillera orogenic belt,and Xizang.We comprise a comprehensive set of evidence from independent data,which correspond temporally with the tipping point(about 24 Ma)of the atmospheric CO_(2) and we noticed that modern-like Asia monsoon,inland aridity,Asian great rivers,and climate zone formed at about 24 Ma and also there are tectonic activities for the Andes and Rockies.We raised the possibility that the modern-like atmospheric CO_(2) concentration at about 24 Ma was caused by the above geological factors.Here the rivers,monsoon,and westerlies are termed as“connectors”.In addition,these Asian rivers originated from Xizang,the monsoon,and inner Asian aridification are strongly a function of the uplift and growth of Xizang,thus,Xizang here is named as“trigger”.The distinct character of“trigger-connectors”model is that this not only takes the monsoon,westerlies,and the global great rivers into consideration but also expands the range which inf luences atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,from local points to a vast area since about 24 Ma,such as from Tibetan Plateau to Asia,including surrounded seas,after about 24 Ma.However,because the opening of the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene Antarctic periphery straits is highly coincident with the onset of modern-like global atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,we are forced to consider that they also had a significant impact on the reduction of atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations at this time.Conclusions“Trigger-connectors”was put forward to explain the Cenozoic CO_(2) variation,especially modern-like global CO_(2) concentration since about 24 Ma.Recommendations and perspectives Here we use the“trigger-connectors”model to explain the formation of modern-like CO_(2) concentrations starting at about 24 Ma,but there are still some problems.The most important premise for the“trigger-connectors”model is the constructed Cenozoic CO_(2) concentration record is reliable,which is the foundation of our hypothesis.In the future,potential improvements should focus on topographic reconstructions of Xizang and the global mountains.Here we have concentrated on Xizang in the considered timeslices but still,pay less attention to other global orogenic belts.Collaborations with geologist experts in those regions could provide valuable feedback to evaluate their potential role of them in CO_(2) evolution.What is more,considerable progress may be achieved with the addition and consideration of more and new geological data.
文摘目的探究急性缺血性脑卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)病人静脉溶栓治疗后出血转化与脑白质高信号(white matter hyperintensity,WMH)的相关性。方法回顾性分析137例AIS病例资料,均进行静脉溶栓治疗,根据是否发生出血转化分为出血组(53例)和未出血组(84例)。采用单因素与Logistic回归分析AIS病人治疗后出血转化的危险因素。结果两组病人年龄、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、高血压、发病到治疗时间、WMH程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示中重度WMH(OR=2.796,95%CI:1.450-5.391)是AIS病人治疗后出血转化的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论WMH是影响AIS病人溶栓治疗后出血转化的危险因素,中重度WMH病人发生出血转化的风险更高。
文摘目的描述陕西地区大骨节病(Kashin-Beck disease,KBD)患者膝、踝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)和肌肉萎缩相关指标的分布特征,探究膝、踝ROM和肌肉萎缩指标的相关性,为KBD患者临床特征分析提供可参考依据。方法对来自陕西省KBD病区在册KBD患者进行抽样调查。采集KBD患者一般人口学资料,测量患者膝关节(屈曲、伸展),踝关节(背屈、跖屈)活动度以及患者上臂围、大腿围、小腿围和握力等肌肉萎缩相关指标。按照人群特征[性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)]和KBD分度分组,报告KBD患者ROM和肌肉萎缩指标的中位数和四分位数,分析不同组间各指标的差异。控制性别、年龄和BMI等变量后,采用偏相关分析探索各指标间的相关性。结果本研究共调查KBD患者480例,其中男性249(51.9%)例,女性231(48.1%)例,平均年龄(63.10±7.32)岁,平均BMI(23.49±8.90)kg/m^(2)。结果显示,KBD患者膝关节屈曲活动度[105.0(95.0,120.0)]°,膝关节伸展活动度[0.0(-15.0,0.0)]°,踝关节背屈活动度[5.0(0.0,15.0)]°,踝关节跖屈活动度[20.0(15.0,30.0)]°,左侧大腿围[43.0(40.0,47.0)]cm,右侧大腿围[43.0(39.0,47.0)]cm,左侧小腿围[29.0(27.0,32.0)]cm,右侧小腿围[29.5(27.0,32.0)]cm,左侧和右侧上臂围均为[27.0(25.0,30.0)]cm,左手握力[13.4(9.5,18.4)]kg,右手握力[13.9(9.8,18.2)]kg。随着年龄的增加,KBD患者两侧膝关节伸展活动度呈现降低趋势(H=31.499、31.847;P均<0.001)。BMI正常组两侧膝关节屈曲活动度高于超重或肥胖组,差异均有统计学意义(H=7.753、12.333;P=0.021、0.002)。不同KBD分度下,两侧膝关节屈曲、大腿围和小腿围均呈现降低趋势(H=14.345、17.256、8.000、8.462、8.558、9.633;P均<0.05)。相关性分析显示,KBD患者膝关节屈曲活动度与大腿围、小腿围和握力呈正相关关系(P均<0.05)。KBD患者膝关节伸展活动度与大腿围呈正相关关系(P均<0.01)。结论陕西省KBD患者ROM受损和肌肉萎缩较为严重,且ROM与肌肉萎缩存在相关关系。
