Salinity is a major abiotic stress factor that seriously affects plant growth. Many genes are involved in the response to salt stress with various metabolism pathways. A number of plant transcription factor family gen...Salinity is a major abiotic stress factor that seriously affects plant growth. Many genes are involved in the response to salt stress with various metabolism pathways. A number of plant transcription factor family genes have been found to be involved in the salt stress response, and NAM, ATAF and CUC(NAC) transcription factors are thought to act as active regulators during abiotic stress, especially salt stress. In this study, we detected a rice NAC transcription factor coding gene, OsNAC041, and confirmed that it influenced the germination of seeds under salt stress and salt tolerance of plants. OsNAC041 was primarily expressed in the leaves and located in the nucleus. Furthermore, the CRISPR/Cas9 method was used to obtain a targeted osnac041 mutant, of which the plant height was higher than that of the wild-type, showing increased salt sensitivity. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis revealed a number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) involved in several important signaling pathways in the osnac041 mutant. Subsequently, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotation also revealed differential expression of DEGs associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, peroxisome, eukaryotictype ABC transporters, photosynthesis and plant hormones, which are involved in stress-related signaling pathways. Overall, our study suggested that OsNAC041 was involved in the salt stress response in rice. These findings not only provide empirical evidence of OsNAC041 function, but also provide new insight into its potential application in rice resistance breeding.展开更多
该研究旨在检测与中国荷斯坦牛体型性状(肢蹄结构和乳房形态)相关的显著位点和候选基因。在300头中国荷斯坦牛群体中,利用GeneSeek Genomic Profiler Bovine 50 K SNP chip芯片进行基于混合线性模型全基因组关联分析。分析结果经过Bonfe...该研究旨在检测与中国荷斯坦牛体型性状(肢蹄结构和乳房形态)相关的显著位点和候选基因。在300头中国荷斯坦牛群体中,利用GeneSeek Genomic Profiler Bovine 50 K SNP chip芯片进行基于混合线性模型全基因组关联分析。分析结果经过Bonferroni校正后,共检测到25个显著SNPs(P<1/40501)位点,其中8个与肢蹄结构相关,17个与乳房形态相关。基于显著SNP位点寻找候选基因,鉴定到与乳腺癌相关候选基因ZMYND8、PTK2及与调节多种代谢通路相关的基因LEP、OSTF1等基因。该研究为解析中国荷斯坦牛肢蹄结构和乳房形态性状提供可能的候选基因,同时为奶牛的分子育种提供重要理论支持。展开更多
Telomeres are composed of TTAGGG repeats and located at the ends of chromosomes. Telomeres protect chromosomes from instability in mammals, including mice and humans. Repetitive TTAGGG sequences are also found at intr...Telomeres are composed of TTAGGG repeats and located at the ends of chromosomes. Telomeres protect chromosomes from instability in mammals, including mice and humans. Repetitive TTAGGG sequences are also found at intrachromosomal sites, where they are named as interstitial telomeric sequences （ITSs）. Aberrant ITSs are implicated in chromosomal instability and found in cancer cells. Interestingly, in pigs, vertebrate telomere sequences TTAGGG （vlTSs） are also localized at the centro- meric region of chromosome 6, in addition to the end of all chromosomes. Surprisingly, we found that botanic telomere se- quences, TTTAGGG （bITSs）, also localize with vITSs at the centromeric regions of pig chromosome 6 using telomere fluo- rescence in situ hybridization （FISH） and by comparisons between several species. Furthermore, the average lengths of vITSs are highly correlated with those of the terminal telomeres （TTS）. Also, pig ITSs show a high incidence of telomere doublets, suggesting that pig ITSs might be unstable and dynamic. Together, our results show that pig cells maintain the conserved te- lomere sequences that are found at the ITSs from of plants and other vertebrates. Further understanding of the function and regulation of pig ITSs may provide new clues for evolution and chromosomal instability.展开更多
The karyotype analysis and physical locations of 45S rDNA were carried out by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization in three species,and two forms of Sophora,two species of Robina,and one species of Amorpha.S.ja...The karyotype analysis and physical locations of 45S rDNA were carried out by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization in three species,and two forms of Sophora,two species of Robina,and one species of Amorpha.S.japonica L.,S.japonica L.f.oligophylla Franch.,S.japonica L.f.pendula Loud.,and S.xanthantha C.Y.Ma.are all tetraploids with 2n=28.There were four 45S rDNA sites in pericentromeric regions of two pairs of chromosomes in each of them.S.rubriflora Tsoong.is a triploid with 2n=21,and three sites were located in each satellite of group 5 chromosomes.In R.pseudoacacia L.(2n=2x=22),we examined four intensive signals in te-lomeric regions of two pairs of satellite chromosomes.In R.hispida L.(2n=2x=30),there were four other signals in centromeric regions besides those like in R.pseudoacacia.Amorpha fruticosa L.has most chromosomes(2n=40)among the eight materials,however,there were only six 45S rDNA loci and they laid in centromeric regions,and satellites of three pairs of chromosomes.45S rDNA is a valuable chromosomal landmark in karyotype analysis.The distribution and genomic organization of rDNA in the three genera were also discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31771486)the Sichuan Youth Science and Technology Foundation (Grant No. 2017JQ0005)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFD01005050102)the National Transgenic Major Project (Grant No. SQ2018ZD08019-001-003)
文摘Salinity is a major abiotic stress factor that seriously affects plant growth. Many genes are involved in the response to salt stress with various metabolism pathways. A number of plant transcription factor family genes have been found to be involved in the salt stress response, and NAM, ATAF and CUC(NAC) transcription factors are thought to act as active regulators during abiotic stress, especially salt stress. In this study, we detected a rice NAC transcription factor coding gene, OsNAC041, and confirmed that it influenced the germination of seeds under salt stress and salt tolerance of plants. OsNAC041 was primarily expressed in the leaves and located in the nucleus. Furthermore, the CRISPR/Cas9 method was used to obtain a targeted osnac041 mutant, of which the plant height was higher than that of the wild-type, showing increased salt sensitivity. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis revealed a number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) involved in several important signaling pathways in the osnac041 mutant. Subsequently, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotation also revealed differential expression of DEGs associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, peroxisome, eukaryotictype ABC transporters, photosynthesis and plant hormones, which are involved in stress-related signaling pathways. Overall, our study suggested that OsNAC041 was involved in the salt stress response in rice. These findings not only provide empirical evidence of OsNAC041 function, but also provide new insight into its potential application in rice resistance breeding.
文摘该研究旨在检测与中国荷斯坦牛体型性状(肢蹄结构和乳房形态)相关的显著位点和候选基因。在300头中国荷斯坦牛群体中,利用GeneSeek Genomic Profiler Bovine 50 K SNP chip芯片进行基于混合线性模型全基因组关联分析。分析结果经过Bonferroni校正后,共检测到25个显著SNPs(P<1/40501)位点,其中8个与肢蹄结构相关,17个与乳房形态相关。基于显著SNP位点寻找候选基因,鉴定到与乳腺癌相关候选基因ZMYND8、PTK2及与调节多种代谢通路相关的基因LEP、OSTF1等基因。该研究为解析中国荷斯坦牛肢蹄结构和乳房形态性状提供可能的候选基因,同时为奶牛的分子育种提供重要理论支持。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos. 2009CB941000 and 2011CBA01002)
文摘Telomeres are composed of TTAGGG repeats and located at the ends of chromosomes. Telomeres protect chromosomes from instability in mammals, including mice and humans. Repetitive TTAGGG sequences are also found at intrachromosomal sites, where they are named as interstitial telomeric sequences （ITSs）. Aberrant ITSs are implicated in chromosomal instability and found in cancer cells. Interestingly, in pigs, vertebrate telomere sequences TTAGGG （vlTSs） are also localized at the centro- meric region of chromosome 6, in addition to the end of all chromosomes. Surprisingly, we found that botanic telomere se- quences, TTTAGGG （bITSs）, also localize with vITSs at the centromeric regions of pig chromosome 6 using telomere fluo- rescence in situ hybridization （FISH） and by comparisons between several species. Furthermore, the average lengths of vITSs are highly correlated with those of the terminal telomeres （TTS）. Also, pig ITSs show a high incidence of telomere doublets, suggesting that pig ITSs might be unstable and dynamic. Together, our results show that pig cells maintain the conserved te- lomere sequences that are found at the ITSs from of plants and other vertebrates. Further understanding of the function and regulation of pig ITSs may provide new clues for evolution and chromosomal instability.
文摘The karyotype analysis and physical locations of 45S rDNA were carried out by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization in three species,and two forms of Sophora,two species of Robina,and one species of Amorpha.S.japonica L.,S.japonica L.f.oligophylla Franch.,S.japonica L.f.pendula Loud.,and S.xanthantha C.Y.Ma.are all tetraploids with 2n=28.There were four 45S rDNA sites in pericentromeric regions of two pairs of chromosomes in each of them.S.rubriflora Tsoong.is a triploid with 2n=21,and three sites were located in each satellite of group 5 chromosomes.In R.pseudoacacia L.(2n=2x=22),we examined four intensive signals in te-lomeric regions of two pairs of satellite chromosomes.In R.hispida L.(2n=2x=30),there were four other signals in centromeric regions besides those like in R.pseudoacacia.Amorpha fruticosa L.has most chromosomes(2n=40)among the eight materials,however,there were only six 45S rDNA loci and they laid in centromeric regions,and satellites of three pairs of chromosomes.45S rDNA is a valuable chromosomal landmark in karyotype analysis.The distribution and genomic organization of rDNA in the three genera were also discussed.
