Rice is a well-recognized accumulator of arsenic(As),which poses a threat to food security and human health.Different rice varieties vary widely in their As accumulation and tolerance,yet the underlying genetic basis ...Rice is a well-recognized accumulator of arsenic(As),which poses a threat to food security and human health.Different rice varieties vary widely in their As accumulation and tolerance,yet the underlying genetic basis remains unknown.In this study,we isolated a rice mutant hag1,which displayed high accumulation of As in rice grains and increased sensitivity to As toxicity.Using genetic investigation,we identified the ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporter OsABCC1,involved in sequestering As in vacuoles,as the causal gene responsible for As allocation and tolerance in rice.Detailed physiological analysis revealed that As stress caused more severe oxidative damage in hag1 compared with the wild type(WT).The hag1 mutant displayed different accumulation patterns depending on the levels of As stress.We discovered that under low As concentration,hag1 synthesized more thiol compounds and exhibited lower As translocation than the WT;however,at high As levels,hag1 produced fewer thiol compounds and increased As transfer factor.Transcriptome analysis of the node nearest to the panicles revealed that OsABCC1 was down-regulated in hag1,resulting in increased As translocation and accumulation in rice grains.Additionally,natural variations in the promoter of OsABCC1 may confer differential gene expression and distinct As accumulations in grains between japonica and indica rice varieties,providing insights for breeding low-As rice varieties.展开更多
Ustilaginoidea virens is a common rice pathogen that can easily lead to a decline in rice quality and the production of toxins pose potential risks to human health.In this review,we present a comprehensive literature ...Ustilaginoidea virens is a common rice pathogen that can easily lead to a decline in rice quality and the production of toxins pose potential risks to human health.In this review,we present a comprehensive literature review of research since the discovery of rice false smut.We provide a comprehensive and,at times,critical overview of the main results and findings from related research,and propose future research directions.Firstly,we delve into the interaction between U.virens and rice,including the regulation of transcription factors,the process of U.virens infecting rice panicles,and the plant immune response caused by rice infection.Following that,we discuss the identification and characterization of mycotoxins produced by the pathogenic fungus,as well as strategies for disease management.We emphasize the importance of comprehensive agricultural prevention and control methods for the sustainable management of U.virens.This knowledge will update our understanding of the interaction between U.virens and rice plants,offering a valuable perspective for those interested in U.virens.展开更多
基金supported by the earmarked fund for‘Pioneer’and‘Leading Goose’R&D Program of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.2023C02014)the Central Public Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for the China National Rice Research Institute(Grant No.CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202407).
文摘Rice is a well-recognized accumulator of arsenic(As),which poses a threat to food security and human health.Different rice varieties vary widely in their As accumulation and tolerance,yet the underlying genetic basis remains unknown.In this study,we isolated a rice mutant hag1,which displayed high accumulation of As in rice grains and increased sensitivity to As toxicity.Using genetic investigation,we identified the ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporter OsABCC1,involved in sequestering As in vacuoles,as the causal gene responsible for As allocation and tolerance in rice.Detailed physiological analysis revealed that As stress caused more severe oxidative damage in hag1 compared with the wild type(WT).The hag1 mutant displayed different accumulation patterns depending on the levels of As stress.We discovered that under low As concentration,hag1 synthesized more thiol compounds and exhibited lower As translocation than the WT;however,at high As levels,hag1 produced fewer thiol compounds and increased As transfer factor.Transcriptome analysis of the node nearest to the panicles revealed that OsABCC1 was down-regulated in hag1,resulting in increased As translocation and accumulation in rice grains.Additionally,natural variations in the promoter of OsABCC1 may confer differential gene expression and distinct As accumulations in grains between japonica and indica rice varieties,providing insights for breeding low-As rice varieties.
基金supported by‘Pioneer’and‘Leading Goose’R&D Program of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.2023C02014)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LY24C030002)+2 种基金Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for China National Rice Research Institute(Grant No.CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202303)the China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-01)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(Grant No.ASTIP)。
文摘Ustilaginoidea virens is a common rice pathogen that can easily lead to a decline in rice quality and the production of toxins pose potential risks to human health.In this review,we present a comprehensive literature review of research since the discovery of rice false smut.We provide a comprehensive and,at times,critical overview of the main results and findings from related research,and propose future research directions.Firstly,we delve into the interaction between U.virens and rice,including the regulation of transcription factors,the process of U.virens infecting rice panicles,and the plant immune response caused by rice infection.Following that,we discuss the identification and characterization of mycotoxins produced by the pathogenic fungus,as well as strategies for disease management.We emphasize the importance of comprehensive agricultural prevention and control methods for the sustainable management of U.virens.This knowledge will update our understanding of the interaction between U.virens and rice plants,offering a valuable perspective for those interested in U.virens.
