Design,synthesis,and insecticidal activity of novel terpenoid ester compounds containing bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane against Aphis gossypii Glover

To discover novel and efficient compounds against Aphis gossypii Glover,a series of novel terpene ester derivatives containing the structure of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane were designed and synthesized using tschimganin as the lead compound.Bioactivity assays showed that most tschimganin analogs exhibited moderate to outstanding insecticidal activity against A.gossypii.In particular,compound 56(LC_(50)=0.28μg mL^(-1)),identified as(1S,2S,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl nicotinate,exhibited the best activity,which was significantly superior to that of imidacloprid(LC_(50)=0.54μg mL^(-1))and sulfoxaflor(LC_(50)=0.70μg mL^(-1)).The precise and dependable 3D-QSAR model suggests a promising direction for further design of more active tschimganin-based insecticides.Metabolomics showed that compound 56 disrupted detoxification,amino acid biosynthesis,and energy metabolism and may affect the central nervous system of A.gossypii.The results of this study indicated that tschimganin analogs are a potential new class of green insecticides that can be used for the integrated management of A.gossypii.

3D image system improves the learning curve and contributes to medical education of rhinoplasty

Background: Rhinoplasty is a complex surgical procedure that requires critical analysis and precise design before surgery, making it a challenging operation for both the surgical team and medical educators. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of 3D design involvement on learning curves and to establish a more effective method for rhinoplasty education.Methods: Surgeons who participated in an educational program were divided into two groups. The experimental group was involved in the 3D design before the operation, and the control group was asked to review the rhinoplasty atlas. A self-assessment questionnaire was used to evaluate the learning curve of the eight rhinoplasty procedures for each surgeon, and the overall satisfaction rate data were also collected.Results: The self-assessment scores in both groups showed an increasing trend from the first to the eighth operation. The mean scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the fifth operation(P=0.01). The satisfaction rate of the experimental group(91.7%) was higher than that of the control group(54.5%).Conclusion: The 3D imaging system can improve the learning curve and satisfaction rate of rhinoplasty education,proving that it is an easy and effective tool for medical education.

Prefabricated Anterolateral Thigh Flaps for Phalloplasty in Female-to-Male Transsexuals

Background Phalloplasty is still a challenging operation because of the high urethral complication rate.Several options regarding different flaps can be chosen,but there is still no perfect solution for phalloplasty in female-to-male(FTM)transgender patients.Our group tried to use prefabricated anterolateral thigh(ALT)flaps for phalloplasty to overcome the urethral complications.Methods A total of 21 transgender patients were included from 2010 to 2019.A twostage operation was performed to reconstruct the phallus.The vaginal mucosa was prefabricated as neourethra at the first stage,and the shaft of the phallus was reconstructed at the second stage.Results All reconstructed phallus survived completely in our study,and the satisfaction rate was 76.2%.The total complication rate was 57.1%.The occurrence of fistula and strictures after the operation was 52.4%and 5.8%,respectively Conclusion Prefabricated ALT flaps with vaginal mucosa have a lower stricture rate.This technique provides a simple,effective surgical option in FTM transsexuals.

一株耐盐日本曲霉的筛选及其溶磷促生作用

【目的】从内蒙古种植葵花的盐碱地中筛选高效溶磷真菌,为盐碱地增产节肥开发生物肥料提供溶磷菌种资源。【方法】利用ITS r DNA序列鉴定菌株、固体培养基测定耐盐性,液体摇床培养与盆栽试验结合分析菌株溶磷能力,盆栽和田间试验明确菌株M1促进作物生长和增产作用;LC-MS技术测定菌株M1在液体培养基中分泌有机酸和植物激素含量,明确菌株M1的溶磷和促生机理。【结果】溶磷菌株M1鉴定为日本曲霉(Aspergillus japonicus)。液体培养基接种菌株M1培养6 d,以Ca_3(PO_4)_2为磷源时上清液有效磷达1020.89 mg/L,溶解率为63.30%;以AlPO_4为磷源时有效磷达995.69 mg/L,溶解率为48.59%;以贵州开阳磷矿粉、江苏锦屏磷矿粉、云南晋宁磷矿粉、河北钒山磷矿粉和云南昆阳磷矿粉为磷源接种菌株M1,从晋宁磷矿粉释放的有效磷浓度最高,达到363.64 mg/L。菌株M1可耐受10%NaCl。将M1制备的菌剂分别接种于施用Ca_3(PO_4)_2、AlPO_4和开阳磷矿粉3种磷源的4种盆栽试验土壤包括北京石灰性潮土、安徽黏性潮土、安徽水稻土和山东沿海盐潮土。结果显示,菌株M1对玉米植株促生效果显著,玉米植株鲜重比对照提高2.14%–90.91%、干重增加22.15%–268.28%;土壤有效磷提高21.81–24.27 mg/kg。菌株M1与4种土壤的适配性均高于对照菌株DSM 821。田间小区花生产量结果显示,接种溶磷菌剂M1增产效果最好,花生果实产量达4.46 t/hm^2,比不接种菌剂的对照处理增加0.81 t/hm^2,增产22.19%。菌株M1在含有磷酸三钙、磷酸铝和开阳磷矿粉3种难溶磷培养液中经过6 d培养,均产生7种有机酸,其中草酸和柠檬酸含量最高,分别为616.16 mg/L和413.69 mg/L;培养液均能检测到吲哚乙酸(IAA)和玉米素,IAA含量为15.45–77.58 mg/L,玉米素浓度为0.06–0.11 mg/L。【结论】获得了一株高效溶解多种难溶磷的日本曲霉菌M1,它能显著增加土壤有效磷、促进玉米生长和花生增产,与4种典型土壤适配性好,具有良好的农业应用前景。

一株高效拮抗向日葵菌核菌的细菌菌株YC16的筛选及其作用效果研究

[目的]筛选高效拮抗向日葵菌核菌的细菌菌株,为开发防治菌核菌病害、提高向日葵产量的生物菌剂提供菌种资源。[方法]以羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、小麦秸秆纤维素为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基,分离高效降解纤维素的细菌菌株;采用纤维素降解菌与菌核菌的平板对峙方法,进一步筛选拮抗菌核菌的菌株;利用16S rDNA序列鉴定菌株、PDYA平板对峙实验检验上述所选拮抗菌株的抑菌谱;采用离体向日葵新鲜叶片、草炭土基质盆栽实验,观察拮抗菌菌株抑制菌核菌生长的能力;温室盆栽和田间试验条件下,研究其防治向日葵菌核菌病害、促进生长和提高产量的效果。[结果]筛选了一株高效抑制菌核菌的细菌YC16,经过16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌。YC16菌株能够抑制8种病原真菌生长,包括齐整小核菌、腐皮镰孢菌、尖孢镰刀菌、稻梨孢、辣椒疫霉、镰刀菌、尖镰孢黄瓜专化型和向日葵菌核菌;抑制菌核菌感染叶片,抑制率达到了80.42%;抑制盆栽基质中菌核菌的菌丝生长,基质表面菌丝密度比对照减少了50%以上。盆栽接种YC16的向日葵生物量比对照提高54.9%,田间向日葵接种YC16菌剂对菌核菌引发的盘腐病防治效果达39%-100%,产量提高24.4%-30.2%。[结论]YC16生物菌剂施用于土壤,能够有效防治向日葵的茎腐病和盘腐病,展现了防治向日葵菌核病和提高产量的双重效果,是一株具有良好应用前景的高效菌种资源。

A case of scalp avulsion with prolonged ischemic time:indocyanine green angiography can aid in predicting replant survival

Background:Microsurgical replantation has become the most favorable treatment option for scalp avulsion.However,the accurate prediction of postoperative replant viability remains challenging.Case presentation:In this article,we showed that(indocyanine green angiography,ICGA)can provide a much more precise prediction of replant necrosis than conventional clinical assessment in a rare case of complete scalp avulsion with prolonged ischemia time.Conclusion:Clinical assessment of replant survival may be misleading in cases of complex tissue injuries and prolonged ischemic stress.This case provides insight into the promising utility of ICGA as an important adjuvant tool to better assess tissue perfusion and viability in scalp avulsion and possibly other types of replantation.