Construction of Multi-Specific Antibody by Genetic Engineering and Its Progress in Tumor Therapy

Targeted treatment of cancer with monoclonal antibodies increases the benefit for patients. In order to improve the anti-tumor activity of monoclonal antibodies, multi-specific antibodies have entered the research field. The emergence of various techniques to produce multi-specific recombinant antibody molecules has led to the selection of target combinations in various forms. To date, only a few multi-specific constructs have entered phase III clinical trials, in contrast to classical monoclonal antibodies. Some of the format options are outlined from a technical point of view. We focus on the achievements and prospects of the underlying technologies for generating biand multispecific antibodies.

Physical activity guidelines for Chinese children and adolescents:The next essential step

1.Introduction Because of the joint efforts of Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance,the results from the Global Matrix 2.0,involving 38countries,provide a timely insight into physical activity(PA)in children and adolescents worldwide.1All the 38 countries,including China,published a report card on 9 PA indicators.1,2Surprisingly,92%of the countries had average grades of C or

National football promotion in China: Opportunities and challenges in public health

Dear editor, In 2015, a national reform plan was implemented by the central government that covers not only professional clubs and leagues but also campus and grassroots football, to develop football （soccer） in China.r According to the plan of China＇s Ministry of Education （MOE）,2 football will be nationally pro- moted among school students and youth. Furthermore, MOE plans to select 20,000 primary or middle schools in which the sport would have been promoted by 2020. Then, this number would be increased to 50,000 by 2025.

Effects of cardiac rehabilitation qigong exercise in patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing phase Ⅲ rehabilitation: A randomized controlled trial (with video)

Objective:To explore the effectiveness and safety of cardiac rehabilitation qigong exercise in stable coronary artery disease(CAD)patients undergoing phaseⅢrehabilitation.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial.A total of 59 stable CAD patients undergoing phaseⅢrehabilitation treated in Sports Medicine Hospital from March 2017 to September 2017 were enrolled after meeting the inclusion criteria and then divided into cardiac rehabilitation qigong exercise group(n=30)receiving a 12-week intervention and control group(n=29).All participants were assessed at baseline and at 12-week intervention for the primary outcome,that was treadmill test parameter and the secondary outcomes including physical fitness,body composition,bone mineral density,and cardiac ultrasound B-mode imaging.Results:There were no significant differences in baseline demographics between the two groups.After a 12-week cardiac rehabilitation qigong exercise intervention,compared with the control group,ΔV02(initial 1352.63±340.95 vs 12 weeks 1594.57±467.14)vs(initial 1363.83±322.90 vs 12 weeks 1323.76±318.92)(P=.003),ΔVO2/kg(initial 21.23±3.56 vs 12 weeks 24.75±5.11)vs(initial 21.01±3.71 vs 12 weeks 20.35±3.66)(P=.002),ΔMETS(initial 6.19±1.12 vs 12 weeks 7.16±1.60)vs(initial 6.00±1.19 vs 12 weeks 5.86±1.23)(P=.001),ΔVO2/HR(P=.027),ΔSV(P=.014),ΔOUES(P=.012),Δhand-grip strength(P=.002),Δflexibility(P=.001),Δbalance(P=.002),ΔT-score(P=.042),ΔBQI(P=.018).However,Δresting systolic blood pressure(P=.004)andΔresting diastolic pressure(P=.012)decreased in the cardiac rehabilitation qigong exercise group.Conclusion:Cardiac rehabilitation qigong exercise can improve cardiopulmonary aerobic capacity,physical fitness,bone mineral density in patients with stable CAD,suggesting that certain effect and safety for stable CAD patients undergoing phaseⅢrehabilitation can be obtained.

PM_(2.5):A barrier to fitness and health promotion in China

1.Introduction Physical inactivity has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality.~1Globally,it accounts for about6%of deaths,21%–25%of breast and colon cancers,27%of diabetes,and 30%of ischemic heart disease.~1In China,the economic costs of health diseases due to physical inactivity had reached 6.7 billion US dollars in 2007,which accounted

附生结晶调控有机高分子半导体材料聚集态结构与性能

高质量共轭高分子半导体晶体材料的制备对于其基础物性的研究和高性能有机光电器件的构筑具有至关重要的意义.但是高分子材料存在本征分子量大、呈分散性、链间易于缠结等特征,导致其高度有序共轭高分子聚集体的制备面临巨大挑战.本文立足于有机高分子半导体材料聚集态结构与性能调控,在传统溶液组装策略的基础上,介绍了新型取向结晶策略,重点探讨了附生结晶的影响因素以及附生结晶在调控有机高分子半导体材料聚集态结构与性能方面的优势,并对目前附生结晶存在的问题进行了总结与展望.

DNA的导电性浅析

DNA是构成生命基础的最重要分子,DNA是否导电以及怎样导电,关系到我们对生命信号的传递、和对生命和生命现象的深入理解和揭示,以及可编程DNA分子电子学的发展,国际科技界一直高度关注,近二十年来也一直是研究的热点和难点.然而,DNA是一个复杂的体系,其导电性问题仍然不清楚,备受争议.本综述中,我们简述了DNA导电性问题的研究历史,分析了DNA导电性问题争议的主要原因,总结了DNA导电性研究中存在的主要问题,其主要归因于测量方法的多样性和DNA分子的复杂性.最后,对DNA导电性研究的未来发展方向进行了展望,DNA导电性在生命信号传递、生物传感器、分子电子学等领域具有巨大的应用潜力,其研究也将为生物科学和电子学的融合提供新思路.

Highly emissive white single-molecular material towards organic light-emitting transistors

Organic light-emitting transistors(OLETs)are miniaturized electroluminescent devices,and they simultaneously integrate the dual functionality of switching in organicfield-effect transistors and emission in organic light-emitting diodes,which have recently aroused interest from scientists for the next-generation of display applications[1–3].Notably,white organic light-emitting transistors(WOLETs)have gained much attention for their potential applications in sensors,switches,and light sources,including indoor lighting,street lighting andflood lighting[4].Moreover,the Commission Internationale de l’Elcairage(CIE)standard coordinates are precisely defined as(0.33,0.33)of pure white emission,providing a universal reference for evaluating white light accuracy and consistency across lighting and display technologies[5].To meet the requirements of high color-purity,most of the reported white emissive materials and WOLETs have been achieved by rational combination of red,green,blue for three primary colors or blue and orange for two complementary colors emitters[6],such as doping an emitter into an appropriate host and employing the multi-component active layers with a stacked configuration[7].Although a minority of doped electroluminescent devices have the capability of good exciton utilization to realize the white emission,the multi-component active layer is inherently prone to phase separation,which is harmful for the optoelectronic devices[4].Therefore.

Bipolar Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter with Balanced Carrier Transport for High-Efficiency Nondoped Green Electroluminescent Devices

High-efficiency electroluminescent devices featuring simplified architecture have received considerable attention due to significant advantages in construction procedures and commercialized applications.However,there still remains a critical challenge with regard to the lack of organic semiconductors that simultaneously possess high luminescent efficiency and balanced carrier-transporting abilities.Herein,we design a thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitter 4-(9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine)-4′-triphenylphosphineoxide-benzophenone(DMAC-BPTPO)by incorporating triphenylphosphine oxide into the donor–acceptor skeleton.The accessional electrontransporting moiety,rod-like dimer,and horizontally packing model synergistically enable DMAC-BP-TPO which possesses an excellent photoluminescence quantum yield of nearly 90%with a reverse intersystem crossing rate constant of 2.0×106 s−1,horizontal dipole ratio of 89%,and a balanced electron and hole mobilities with a small constrast ratio of 1.08.Eventually,simplified electroluminescent devices including organic lightemitting diodes(OLEDs)and organic light-emitting transistors(OLETs)incorporating DMAC-BP-TPO-based nondoped film are demonstrated due to their superior integrated optoelectronic properties along with preferable horizontal dipole orientation.A record-high external quantum efficiency value of 21.7%and 4.4%are finally achieved in the simplified nondoped OLED and OLET devices,which are among the highest values in the related research fields.This work provides a new avenue to develop a high-efficiency bipolar TADF emitter to advance the simplified electroluminescent devices.

Regioregular Asymmetric Diketopyrrolopyrrole Copolymers with Good Molecular Ordered Assembly Ability for High-performance Polymer Transistors

Introduction of asymmetric units into conjugated polymers is an important strategy to regulate the photophysical and electronic properties of polymers,as asymmetric units can not only regulate solubility and energy levels,but also molecular stacking and orientation,thus giving much higher optoelectronic properties.However,very few studies have been reported in this field.The semiconducting properties of conjugated polymers could be regulated through regioregularity adjustment.Here,we took the asymmetric thiophene/pyridine side group DPP as core and developed the regioregular monomer T-Py-DPP through three steps:alkyl chain introduction,tin monomer coupling and NBS double bromination.The T-Py-DPP monomer was polymerized into reg-PPy TDPP-2FBT with a head-to-head structure.The regioregularity of T-Py-DPP unit endowed reg-PPy TDPP-2FBT with backbone planarity,self-assembly orientation,network-like morphology and high crystallinity in films,thus the superior bipolar transport properties.The highest hole and electron mobilities of reg-PPy TDPP-2FBT were 0.93 and 0.57 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1),respectively,with 40%improvement relative to the regiorandom polymer.

Projections from the Prefrontal Cortex to Zona Incerta Mediate Fear Generalization

Dear Editor,Depending on the perceived threat in the environment,organisms can express a broad spectrum of behaviors,ranging from exploration to defensive behaviors[1,2],such as fear response and avoidance.Generalization of fear memory can generate anxiety-related disorders that afflict 10%-30%of individuals worldwide,especially during the epidemic situation[3,4].

Highly Fluorescent Semiconducting Two-Dimensional Conjugated Polymer Films Achieved by Side-Chain Engineering Showing Large Exciton Diffusion Length

Semiconducting two-dimensional conjugated polymers(2DCPs)with strong fluorescence emission have great potential for various optoelectronic applications.However,it is enormously challenging to achieve this goal due to the significant compact interlayerπ-πstacking-induced quenching effect in these systems.In this work,we found that highly fluorescent semiconducting 2DCPs can be prepared through an effective side-chain engineering approach in which interlayer spacers are introduced to reduce the fluorescence quenching effect.The obtained two truxene-based 2DCP films that,along with-C6H13 and-C_(12)H_(25)alkyl side chains as interlayer spacers both demonstrate superior fluorescence properties with a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 5.6%and 14.6%,respectively.These are among the highest values currently reported for 2DCP films.Moreover,an ultralong isotropic quasi-twodimensional exciton diffusion length constrained in the plane with its highest value approaching 110 nm was revealed by the transient photoluminescence microscopy technique,suggesting that theπ-conjugated structure in these truxene-based 2DCP films has effectively been extended.This work can enable a broad exploration of highly fluorescent semiconducting 2DCP films for more deeply fundamental properties and optoelectronic device applications.

Sex and Death:Identification of Feedback Neuromodulation Balancing Reproduction and Survival

Some semelparous organisms in nature mate as many times as they can in a single reproductive episode before death,while most iteroparous species including humans avoid such suicidal reproductive behavior.Animals naturally pursue more sex and the possible fatal consequence of excessive sex must be orchestrated by negative feedback signals in iteroparous species,yet very little is known about the regulatory mechanisms.Here we used Drosophila male sexual behavior as a model system to study how excessive sex may kill males and how the nervous system reacts to prevent death by sex.We found that continuous sexual activity by activating the fruitlessexpressing neurons induced a fixed multi-step behavioral pattern ending with male death.We further found negative feedback in the fly brain to prevent suicidal sexual behavior by expression changes of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid,and neuropeptide F.These findings are crucial to understand the molecular underpinnings of how different organisms choose reproductive strategies and balance reproduction and survival.