China has a large population,a large middle-income group,and a wide consumer market coverage.In the context of economic globalization,the connection between the Chinese economy and the world industrial chain has been ...China has a large population,a large middle-income group,and a wide consumer market coverage.In the context of economic globalization,the connection between the Chinese economy and the world industrial chain has been further strengthened,contributing to the development of the global economy.Under the background of the Hainan Free Trade Port,building an economic service trade system will help to create a new highland for economic service trade,promote the development of China’s service trade,and facilitate the rational allocation of resources on a global scale.Because of this,the article will analyze the opportunities for building an economic service trade system and the challenges of building an economic service trade system under the background of Hainan Free Trade Port,and focus on analyzing the path strategies for building an economic service trade system to create a high-level new highland of service trade and actively face the challenges of era development and economic upgrading[1].展开更多
目的探讨缝线网状套扎法固定治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折的生物力学性能。方法取新鲜猪膝关节标本16个,制备胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折模型,按不同固定方式随机分为缝线网状套扎固定(A组)和空心螺钉固定(B组),每组8例。生物力学测试:200次循环载荷...目的探讨缝线网状套扎法固定治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折的生物力学性能。方法取新鲜猪膝关节标本16个,制备胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折模型,按不同固定方式随机分为缝线网状套扎固定(A组)和空心螺钉固定(B组),每组8例。生物力学测试:200次循环载荷后行拔出试验,直至拔出失败;记录最大失败载荷、失效载荷、拔出刚度及循环位移。结果失败模式:A组位移超限8例;B组螺钉拔出6例、骨块碎裂2例。生物力学结果显示,A组最大失败载荷(517.798 N vs 278.769 N,P=0.000)及失效载荷(247.841 N vs 149.063 N,P=0.001)高于B组;循环位移A组小于B组(2.316 mm vs 4.522 mm,P=0.000);拔出刚度A组(40.062 N)高于B组(38.253 N),但组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.780)。结论力学实验显示缝线网状套扎固定胫骨髁间嵴骨折的生物力学性能优于空心螺钉固定法,尤其适合髁间嵴粉碎性骨折或骨质疏松病例。展开更多
Ankylosing spondylitis(AS)is chronic inflammatory arthritis with a progressive fusion of axial joints.Anti-inflammatory treatments such as anti-TNF-αantibody therapy suppress inflammation but do not effectively halt ...Ankylosing spondylitis(AS)is chronic inflammatory arthritis with a progressive fusion of axial joints.Anti-inflammatory treatments such as anti-TNF-αantibody therapy suppress inflammation but do not effectively halt the progression of spine fusion in AS patients.Here we report that the autoimmune inflammation of AS generates a microenvironment that promotes chondrogenesis in spine ligaments as the process of spine fusion.Chondrocyte differentiation was observed in the ligaments of patients with earlystage AS,and cartilage formation was followed by calcification.Moreover,a large number of giant osteoclasts were found in the inflammatory environment of ligaments and on bony surfaces of calcified cartilage.Resorption activity by these giant osteoclasts generated marrow with high levels of active TGF-β,which induced new bone formation in the ligaments.Notably,no Osterix+osteoprogenitors were found in osteoclast resorption areas,indicating uncoupled bone resorption and formation.Even at the late and maturation stages,the uncoupled osteoclast resorption in bony interspinous ligament activates TGF-βto induce the progression of ossification in AS patients.Osteoclast resorption of calcified cartilage-initiated ossification in the progression of AS is a similar pathologic process of acquired heterotopic ossification(HO).Our finding of cartilage formation in the ligaments of AS patients revealed that the pathogenesis of spinal fusion is a process of HO and explained why anti-inflammatory treatments do not slow ankylosing once there is new bone formation in spinal soft tissues.Thus,inhibition of HO formation,such as osteoclast activity,cartilage formation,or TGF-βactivity could be a potential therapy for AS.展开更多
Hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infections are the most common causes of chronic liver diseases and hepatocelluar carcinomas. Over the past few years, the liver-enriched micro RNA-122(mi R-122) has b...Hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infections are the most common causes of chronic liver diseases and hepatocelluar carcinomas. Over the past few years, the liver-enriched micro RNA-122(mi R-122) has been shown to differentially regulate viral replication of HBV and HCV. It is notable that thelevel of mi R-122 is positively and negatively regulated by HCV and HBV, respectively. Consistent with the welldocumented phenomenon that mi R-122 promotes HCV accumulation, inhibition of mi R-122 has been shown as an effective therapy for the treatment of HCV infection in both chimpanzees and humans. On the other hand, mi R-122 is also known to block HBV replication, and HBV has recently been shown to inhibit mi R-122 expression; such a reciprocal inhibition between mi R-122 and HBV suggests an intriguing possibility that mi R-122 replacement may represent a potential therapy for treatment of HBV infection. As HBV and HCV have shared transmission routes, dual infection is not an uncommon scenario, which is associated with more advanced liver disease than either HBV or HCV mono-infection. Thus, there is a clear need to further understand the interaction between HBV and HCV and to delineate the role of mi R-122 in HBV/HCV dual infection in order to devise effective therapy. This review summarizes the current understanding of HBV/HCV dual infection, focusing on the pathobiological role and therapeutic potential of mi R-122.展开更多
A new method designated cDNA array was developed by hybridization of quantitatively arrayed DNA samples isolated randomly from a cDNA library with probes reverse-transcribed from mRNAs of different sources or treatmen...A new method designated cDNA array was developed by hybridization of quantitatively arrayed DNA samples isolated randomly from a cDNA library with probes reverse-transcribed from mRNAs of different sources or treatments. The gene expression patterns of 1 000 randomly chosen clones from an Arabidopsis library were analyzed with green seedlings versus suspension cells and seedlings irradiated under UV light. Northern blot and sequence analysis of some differentially expressed clones confirmed the results revealed by cDNA array, indicating that this method is efficient and reliable to monitor gene expression.展开更多
Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative disease of articular cartilage whose main clinical manifestation is joint pain.The database from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study showed that the morbidity of symp...Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative disease of articular cartilage whose main clinical manifestation is joint pain.The database from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study showed that the morbidity of symptomatic OA(knee Kellgren and Lawrence score≥2,with knee pain)was 8.1%in China.With the development of aging in China,the incidence of OA is rising.As there are no blood vessels,nerves,or lymph in articular cartilage,its self-healing ability is poor.There are many types of nonsurgical treatments,such as medications including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,glucocorticoid,or opioids,[1,2]as well as physiotherapy treatments including injecting hyaluronic acid(HA)or platelet-rich plasma(PRP),[3,4]to prevent pain and improve joint function.All of these methods can prevent pain temporarily but are unable to interrupt the degeneration of articular cartilage.展开更多
文摘China has a large population,a large middle-income group,and a wide consumer market coverage.In the context of economic globalization,the connection between the Chinese economy and the world industrial chain has been further strengthened,contributing to the development of the global economy.Under the background of the Hainan Free Trade Port,building an economic service trade system will help to create a new highland for economic service trade,promote the development of China’s service trade,and facilitate the rational allocation of resources on a global scale.Because of this,the article will analyze the opportunities for building an economic service trade system and the challenges of building an economic service trade system under the background of Hainan Free Trade Port,and focus on analyzing the path strategies for building an economic service trade system to create a high-level new highland of service trade and actively face the challenges of era development and economic upgrading[1].
文摘目的探讨缝线网状套扎法固定治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折的生物力学性能。方法取新鲜猪膝关节标本16个,制备胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折模型,按不同固定方式随机分为缝线网状套扎固定(A组)和空心螺钉固定(B组),每组8例。生物力学测试:200次循环载荷后行拔出试验,直至拔出失败;记录最大失败载荷、失效载荷、拔出刚度及循环位移。结果失败模式:A组位移超限8例;B组螺钉拔出6例、骨块碎裂2例。生物力学结果显示,A组最大失败载荷(517.798 N vs 278.769 N,P=0.000)及失效载荷(247.841 N vs 149.063 N,P=0.001)高于B组;循环位移A组小于B组(2.316 mm vs 4.522 mm,P=0.000);拔出刚度A组(40.062 N)高于B组(38.253 N),但组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.780)。结论力学实验显示缝线网状套扎固定胫骨髁间嵴骨折的生物力学性能优于空心螺钉固定法,尤其适合髁间嵴粉碎性骨折或骨质疏松病例。
文摘Ankylosing spondylitis(AS)is chronic inflammatory arthritis with a progressive fusion of axial joints.Anti-inflammatory treatments such as anti-TNF-αantibody therapy suppress inflammation but do not effectively halt the progression of spine fusion in AS patients.Here we report that the autoimmune inflammation of AS generates a microenvironment that promotes chondrogenesis in spine ligaments as the process of spine fusion.Chondrocyte differentiation was observed in the ligaments of patients with earlystage AS,and cartilage formation was followed by calcification.Moreover,a large number of giant osteoclasts were found in the inflammatory environment of ligaments and on bony surfaces of calcified cartilage.Resorption activity by these giant osteoclasts generated marrow with high levels of active TGF-β,which induced new bone formation in the ligaments.Notably,no Osterix+osteoprogenitors were found in osteoclast resorption areas,indicating uncoupled bone resorption and formation.Even at the late and maturation stages,the uncoupled osteoclast resorption in bony interspinous ligament activates TGF-βto induce the progression of ossification in AS patients.Osteoclast resorption of calcified cartilage-initiated ossification in the progression of AS is a similar pathologic process of acquired heterotopic ossification(HO).Our finding of cartilage formation in the ligaments of AS patients revealed that the pathogenesis of spinal fusion is a process of HO and explained why anti-inflammatory treatments do not slow ankylosing once there is new bone formation in spinal soft tissues.Thus,inhibition of HO formation,such as osteoclast activity,cartilage formation,or TGF-βactivity could be a potential therapy for AS.
文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infections are the most common causes of chronic liver diseases and hepatocelluar carcinomas. Over the past few years, the liver-enriched micro RNA-122(mi R-122) has been shown to differentially regulate viral replication of HBV and HCV. It is notable that thelevel of mi R-122 is positively and negatively regulated by HCV and HBV, respectively. Consistent with the welldocumented phenomenon that mi R-122 promotes HCV accumulation, inhibition of mi R-122 has been shown as an effective therapy for the treatment of HCV infection in both chimpanzees and humans. On the other hand, mi R-122 is also known to block HBV replication, and HBV has recently been shown to inhibit mi R-122 expression; such a reciprocal inhibition between mi R-122 and HBV suggests an intriguing possibility that mi R-122 replacement may represent a potential therapy for treatment of HBV infection. As HBV and HCV have shared transmission routes, dual infection is not an uncommon scenario, which is associated with more advanced liver disease than either HBV or HCV mono-infection. Thus, there is a clear need to further understand the interaction between HBV and HCV and to delineate the role of mi R-122 in HBV/HCV dual infection in order to devise effective therapy. This review summarizes the current understanding of HBV/HCV dual infection, focusing on the pathobiological role and therapeutic potential of mi R-122.
文摘A new method designated cDNA array was developed by hybridization of quantitatively arrayed DNA samples isolated randomly from a cDNA library with probes reverse-transcribed from mRNAs of different sources or treatments. The gene expression patterns of 1 000 randomly chosen clones from an Arabidopsis library were analyzed with green seedlings versus suspension cells and seedlings irradiated under UV light. Northern blot and sequence analysis of some differentially expressed clones confirmed the results revealed by cDNA array, indicating that this method is efficient and reliable to monitor gene expression.
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is a degenerative disease of articular cartilage whose main clinical manifestation is joint pain.The database from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study showed that the morbidity of symptomatic OA(knee Kellgren and Lawrence score≥2,with knee pain)was 8.1%in China.With the development of aging in China,the incidence of OA is rising.As there are no blood vessels,nerves,or lymph in articular cartilage,its self-healing ability is poor.There are many types of nonsurgical treatments,such as medications including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,glucocorticoid,or opioids,[1,2]as well as physiotherapy treatments including injecting hyaluronic acid(HA)or platelet-rich plasma(PRP),[3,4]to prevent pain and improve joint function.All of these methods can prevent pain temporarily but are unable to interrupt the degeneration of articular cartilage.
