Carbon-doped CuFe_(2)O_(4) with C-O-M channels for enhanced Fenton-like degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride: From construction to mechanism

Carbon-doped copper ferrite(C–CuFe_(2)O_(4))was synthesized by a simple two-step hydrothermal method,which showed enhanced tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)removal efficiency as compared to the pure CuFe_(2)O_(4) in Fenton-like reaction.A removal efficiency of 94%was achieved with 0.2 g L^(-1) catalyst and 20 mmol L^(-1) H_(2)O_(2) within 90 min.We demonstrated that 5%C–CuFe_(2)O_(4) catalyst in the presence of H_(2)O_(2) was significantly efficient for TCH degradation under the near-neutral pH(5–9)without buffer.Multiple techniques,including SEM,TEM,XRD,FTIR,Raman,XPS M€ossbauer and so on,were conducted to investigate the structures,morphologies and electronic properties of as-prepared samples.The introduction of carbon can effectively accelerate electron transfer by cooperating with Cu and Fe to activate H_(2)O_(2) to generate·OH and·O_(2)^(-).Particularly,theoretical calculations display that the p,p,d orbital hybridization of C,O,Cu and Fe can form C–O–Cu and C–O–Fe bonds,and the electrons on carbon can transfer to metal Cu and Fe along the C–O–Fe and C–O–Cu channels,thus forming electron-rich reactive centers around Fe and Cu.This work provides lightful reference for the modification of spinel ferrites in Fenton-like application.

基于不同耦合模型的县域滑坡易发性评价对比分析——以四川普格县为例

为有效预测县域滑坡发生的空间概率,探索不同统计学耦合模型滑坡易发性定量评价结果的合理性和精度,以四川省普格县为研究对象。选取坡度、坡向、高程、工程地质岩组、断层和斜坡结构等6项孕灾因子作为评价指标体系,基于信息量模型(I)、确定性系数模型(CF)、证据权模型(WF)、频率比模型(FR)分别与逻辑回归模型(LR)耦合开展滑坡易发性评价。结果表明:各耦合模型评价结果和易发程度区划均是合理的,极高易发区主要分布于则木河、黑水河河谷两侧斜坡带,面积介于129.04~183.43 km^(2)(占比6.77%~9.62%),各模型评价精度依次为WF-LR模型(AUC=0.869)>I-LR模型(AUC=0.868)>CF-LR模型(AUC=0.866)>NFR-LR模型(AUC=0.858)。研究成果可为川西南山区县域滑坡易发性定量评估提供重要参考。

Sugars promote graft union development in the heterograft of cucumber onto pumpkin

The use of heterografts is widely applied for the production of several important commercial crops,but the molecular mechanism of graft union formation remains poorly understood.Here,cucumber grafted onto pumpkin was used to study graft union development,and genome-wide tempo-spatial gene expression at the graft interface was comprehensively investigated.Histological analysis suggested that resumption of the rootstock growth occurred after both phloem and xylem reconnection,and the scion showed evident callus production compared with the rootstock 3 days after grafting.Consistently,transcriptome data revealed specific responses between the scion and rootstock in the expression of genes related to cambium development,the cell cycle,and sugar metabolism during both vascular reconnection and healing,indicating distinct mechanisms.Additionally,lower levels of sugars and significantly changed sugar enzyme activities at the graft junction were observed during vascular reconnection.Next,we found that the healing process of grafted etiolated seedlings was significantly delayed,and graft success,xylem reconnection,and the growth of grafted plants were enhanced by exogenous glucose.This demonstrates that graft union formation requires the correct sugar content.Furthermore,we also found that graft union formation was delayed with a lower energy charge by the target of rapamycin(TOR)inhibitor AZD-8055,and xylem reconnection and the growth of grafted plants were enhanced under AZD-8055 with exogenous glucose treatment.Taken together,our results reveal that sugars play a positive role in graft union formation by promoting the growth of cucumber/pumpkin and provide useful information for understanding graft union healing and the application of heterografting in the future.

Study on the Thermal Performances of a New Type of Fabricated Thermally Insulating Decorative Wall Material

This study proposes three possible keel-surface layer combinations to implement a new type of thermally insulating decorative wall system.A set of 8 samples has been studied.In particular,through theoretical calculations,simulations,and experimental verification,the influence of different types of connecting structures on the overall thermal performance of the wall system has been determined.It has been found that a proper combination of these elements can meet existing energy-saving standards and effectively reduce the energy loss caused by thermal bridges due to the installation of steel keels at the edges of integrated wall panels.

Understanding the deterrence effect of punishment for marine information security policies non-compliance

In the organizational setting of marine engineering,a significant number of information security incidents have been arised from the employees’failure to comply with the information security policies(ISPs).This may be treated as a principal-agent problem with moral hazard between the employer and the employee for the practical compliance effort of an employee is not observable without high cost-.On the other hand,according to the deterrence theory,the employer and the employee are inherently self-interested beings.It is worth examining to what extent the employee is self-interested in the marine ISPs compliance context.Moreover,it is important to clarify the proper degree of severity of punishment in terms of the deterrent effect.In this study,a marine ISPs compliance game model has been proposed to evaluate the deterrence effect of punishment on the non-compliance behavior of employee individuals.It is found that in a non-punishment contract,the employee will decline to comply with the marine ISPs;but in a punishment contract,appropriate punishment will lead her to select the marine ISPs compliance effort level expected by the employer,and cause no potential backfire effect.

Digital Earth 2020:towards the vision for the next decade

This position paper is the outcome of a brainstorming workshop organised by the International Society for Digital Earth(ISDE)in Beijing in March 2011.It argues that the vision of Digital Earth(DE)put forward by Vice-President Al Gore 13 years ago needs to be re-evaluated in the light of the many developments in the fields of information technology,data infrastructures and earth observation that have taken place since.The paper identifies the main policy,scientific and societal drivers for the development of DE and illustrates the multi-faceted nature of a new vision of DE grounding it with a few examples of potential applications.Because no single organisation can on its own develop all the aspects of DE,it is essential to develop a series of collaborations at the global level to turn the vision outlined in this paper into reality.

Big Earth Data:a new challenge and opportunity for Digital Earth’s development

Digital Earth has seen great progress during the last 19 years.When it entered into the era of big data,Digital Earth developed into a new stage,namely one characterized by‘Big Earth Data’,confronting new challenges and opportunities.In this paper we give an overview of the development of Digital Earth by summarizing research achievements and marking the milestones of Digital Earth’s development.Then,the opportunities and challenges that Big Earth Data faces are discussed.As a data-intensive scientific research approach,Big Earth Data provides a new vision and methodology to Earth sciences,and the paper identifies the advantages of Big Earth Data to scientific research,especially in knowledge discovery and global change research.We believe that Big Earth Data will advance and promote the development of Digital Earth.

Coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus antagonizes the antiviral effect of the microRNA miR-27b via the IRE1 pathway

Although the functional parameters of micro RNAs(mi RNAs)have been explored to some extent,the roles of these molecules in coronavirus infection and the regulatory mechanism of mi RNAs in virus infection are still unclear.Transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV)is an enteropathgenic coronavirus and causes high morbidity and mortality in suckling piglets.Here,we demonstrated that microRNA-27b-3p(miR-27b-3p)suppressed TGEV replication by directly targeting porcine suppressor of cytokine signaling 6(SOCS6),while TGEV infection downregulated miR-27b-3p expression in swine testicular(ST)cells and in piglets.Mechanistically,the decrease of miR-27b-3p expression during TGEV infection was mediated by the activated inositolrequiring enzyme 1(IRE1)pathway of the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.Further studies showed that when ER stress was induced by TGEV,IRE1 acted as an RNase activated by autophosphorylation and unconventionally spliced m RNA encoding a potent transcription factor,X-box-binding protein 1(Xbp1s).Xbp1s inhibited the transcription of miR-27 and ultimately reduced the production of miR-27b-3p.Therefore,our findings indicate that TGEV inhibits the expression of an anti-coronavirus micro RNA through the IRE1 pathway and suggest a novel way in which coronavirus regulates the host cell response to infection.

Standard:Human intestinal organoids

Organoids have attracted great interest for disease modelling,drug discovery and development,and tissue growth and homeostasis investigations.However,lack of standards for quality control has become a prominent obstacle to limit their translation into clinic and other applications.“Human intestinal organoids”is the first guideline on human intestinal organoids in China,jointly drafted and agreed by the experts from the Chinese Society for Cell Biology and its branch society:the Chinese Society for Stem Cell Research.This standard specifies terms and definitions,technical requirements,test methods,inspection rules for human intestinal organoids,which is applicable to quality control during the process of manufacturing and testing of human intestinal organoids.It was originally released by the Chinese Society for Cell Biology on 24 September 2022.We hope that the publication of this standard will guide institutional establishment,acceptance and execution of proper practical protocols and accelerate the international standardization of human intestinal organoids for applications.

Remote sensing detection and verification of disappeared reservoirs along the Grand Canal of China

Digital Earth is an information-rich expression of the real Earth and is a new way of understanding the Earth in the twenty-first century.Archeology has found great potentialities in Digital Earth,strongly increasing its development and its interdisciplinary experimentations.With the rapid development of remote sensing,the importance of applying Earth observation technology to archeological research has caught a great amount of attention worldwide.The objective of this study is to apply Radarsat-1 and Landsat imagery,historical maps,and aerial photographs in the detection and verification of disappeared reservoirs built 500 years ago as part of the Grand Canal of China.The results of the study show that the potential sites present distinct variations in soil moisture,biomass,and biological vigor,characterized by weak backscattering in Radarsat imagery;high vegetation indices in Landsat imagery;and distinct anomalies in a Landsat principle components image.Historical maps and aerial photographs also verified the existence of the sites of disappeared reservoirs.Since the sites have so far not been extensively explored,the results should represent a significant contribution to the understanding of the Grand Canal of China and its auxiliary facilities.

Standard:Human intestinal cancer organoids

Intestinal cancer is one of the most frequent and lethal types of cancer.Modeling intestinal cancer using organoids has emerged in the last decade.Human intestinal cancer organoids are physiologically relevant in vitro models,which provides an unprecedented opportunity for fundamental and applied research in colorectal cancer.“Human intestinal cancer organoids”is the first set of guidelines on human intestinal organoids in China,jointly drafted and agreed by the experts from the Chinese Society for Cell Biology and its branch society:the Chinese Society for Stem Cell Research.This standard specifies terms and definitions,technical requirements,test methods for human intestinal cancer organoids,which apply to the production and quality control during the process of manufacturing and testing of human intestinal cancer organoids.It was released by the Chinese Society for Cell Biology on 24 September 2022.We hope that the publication of this standard will guide institutional establishment,acceptance and execution of proper practocal protocols,and accelerate the international standardization of human intestinal cancer organoids for clinical development and therapeutic applications.

Building segmentation and modeling from airborne LiDAR data

Due to the high accuracy and fast acquisition speed offered by airborne Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)technology,airborne LiDAR point clouds have been widely used in three-dimensional building model reconstruction.This paper presents a novel approach to segment building roofs from point clouds using a Gaussian mixture model in which buildings are represented by a mixture of Gaussians(MoG).The Expectation-Maximization(EM)algorithm with the minimum description length(MDL)principle is employed to obtain the optimal parameters of the MoG model for separating building roofs.To separate complete planar building roofs,coplanar Gaussian components are merged according to their distances to the corresponding planes.In addition,shape analysis is utilized to remove nonplanar objects caused by trees and irregular artifacts.Building models are obtained by combining segmented planar roofs,topological relationships,and regularized building boundaries.Roof intersection segments and points are derived by the segmentation results,and a rasterbased regularization method is employed to obtain geometrically correct and regular building models.Experimental results suggest that the segmentation method is able to separate building roofs with high accuracy while maintaining correct topological relationships among roofs.

Review of the development of digital earth research during 1998–2015 based on a bibliometric analysis

Since Al Gore created the vision for Digital Earth in 1998,a wide range of research in this field has been published in journals.However,little attention has been paid to bibliometric analysis of the literature on Digital Earth.This study uses a bibliometric analysis methodology to study the publications related to Digital Earth in the Science Citation Index database and Social Science Citation Index database(via the Web of Science online services)during the period from 1998 to 2015.In this paper,we developed a novel keyword set for‘Digital Earth’.Using this keyword set,11,061 scientific articles from 23 subject categories were retrieved.Based on the searched articles,we analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of publication outputs,the subject categories and the major journals.Then,authors’performance,affiliations,cooperation,and funding institutes were evaluated.Finally,keywords were examined.Through keyword clustering,research hotspots in the field of Digital Earth were detected.We assume that the results coincide well with the position of Digital Earth research in the context of big data.

An optimal coupling incentive mechanism concerning insider’s compliance behavior towards marine information security policy

It is widely agreed that the insider’s noncompliance to the marine information security policies has brought about a major security problem in the organizational context.Previous research has stressed the potential of remunerative control,i.e.,reward,to better understand this problem.Few studies have been devoted to the exploration of the coupling incentive mechanism of tangible and intangible rewards that would induce insider’s compliance behavior towards the marine information security policy.In the present study,we address this research gap by proposing a theoretical model that explains the optimal coupling incentive mechanism of these two different types of remunerative control.Our findings have delivered insightful implications for practice and research on how to improve the marine information security policy compliance in a more subtle way.

Book review for remote sensing image fusion:a practical guide

This is a very up to date book on remote sensing image fusion.The authors’iconic paper on this subject,published back in 1998(Pohl and van Genderen 1988),has already become a standard reference work for researchers(it has more than one thousand citations according to Google Scholar),and this new book treats the many new developments that have taken place since then.Some of these new developments were treated by the two authors in a paper in our journal in 2015(Pohl and van Genderen 2015).