Objective To study the relationship between contraceptive knowledge, cognition and behaviors among vocational high school students. Methods A cross-sectional survey was anonymously self-administrated by way of compute...Objective To study the relationship between contraceptive knowledge, cognition and behaviors among vocational high school students. Methods A cross-sectional survey was anonymously self-administrated by way of computer to all the 1st graders＇ among three vocational high schools in a district of Shanghai. Four cognition indicators, including perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived risks and self eJficacy were applied according to Health Belief Model. Results The percentage of respondents who reported ever sexual practices and contraceptives use at first sex was 7.01% and 56.64% respectively. Condom （58. 70%） and oral contraceptive pills （27.78%） were used by the majority. Main reasons for non-use were ＂shy to buy it＂ （26.53%） and ＂partner don＇t want to use any＂ （18.37%）. Proportion of respondents who ever had sex regarded withdrawal and rhythm as effective were 68.35% and 68.42% respectively. Proportion of respondents having sex knew ＂If a person was infected with STDs, he/she might not have noticeable symptoms＂ were 22.86%. Proportion of respondents who reported non-use of contraceptives at first sex considered that ＂infrequent intercourse could not cause a girl pregnant even she had experienced her menstruation＂ were 40.63%. Proportion of respondents who had ever used condom got full score of knowledge on ＂how to correctly use condom＂ were 23,26%. Perceived risks were poorest among four cognition indicators. High level of contraceptive knowledge was connected with high rate of contraceptives use at first sex, whereas high level contraceptive cognition was connected with high rate of contraceptive use both at first and recent sex. Conclusions It is important to provide youth-friendly services as well as message on contraceptives among vocational school students.展开更多
Objective To get a general picture of the attitudes of middle school educators on sex and reproductive health education. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 144 middle school educators in three dist...Objective To get a general picture of the attitudes of middle school educators on sex and reproductive health education. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 144 middle school educators in three districts of Shanghai from September to October 2005 using anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results The majority of the educators thought that it was necessary to launch the sex and reproductive health education in all of the middle schools in Shanghai （97. 02%）. They were aware that the age of the students＇puberty were earlier now than before （94.41%）, but the reproductive health knowledge of students was neither sufficient nor correct （78.34%）. The sex and reproductive health education had been involved in the curriculum of many middle schools （66.11%）. Lacking of qualified education staffs contributed most （90. 71%） in the schools which had not launched the sex and reproductive health education. Lacking of qualified education staffs （90.91%） challenged most in the schools which had carried the education. Conclusion The middle school educators thought it was necessary to carry the sex and reproductive health education in all of the middle schools in Shanghai while the major challenges were lacking of qualified education staffs and sufficient teaching time.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the impact of sex and reproductive health education using lifeplanning skills training among senior high school students in a rural county. Methods The study was conducted in three senior high sc...Objective To evaluate the impact of sex and reproductive health education using lifeplanning skills training among senior high school students in a rural county. Methods The study was conducted in three senior high schools of Shangcai County with comparable socio-cultural, economic, and demographic characteristics, two as intervention sites and one as the control. A three-month life-planning skills training course was conducted among all grade one students in the intervention schools. The baseline survey was conducted prior to the intervention, once again three months after the intervention was initiated. Data were collected through questionnaires, FGDs and 1Dis to evaluate the effect of the intervention program. Results After the intervention, the median score of reproductive health knowledge was higher in the intervention group （55.66） than that in control group （38.68）. Students from the intervention group were also more comfortable with their developmental changes which were going through, In the end line survey, 92.70% of the students in the intervention group suggested that reproductive health education should be carried out among all middle school students in Shangcai County. Multivariate analysis also indicated that peers and family had a significant effect on students＇ sex-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. Conclusion Sex and reproductive health education via provision of life-planning skills training can significantly increase students＇ sex and reproductive health knowl- edge and was welcomed by students, teachers and parents.展开更多
Objective To understand the situations of childhood sexual abuse （CSA） and to examine associations of CSA with demographic factors and with later risk behaviors among university students in Shanghai, China. Methods ...Objective To understand the situations of childhood sexual abuse （CSA） and to examine associations of CSA with demographic factors and with later risk behaviors among university students in Shanghai, China. Methods A two-stage random sampling method was adopted to conduct the survey anomalously using electronic questionnaire and computer-assisted-structured-interview method. Results About 15.1% （10.2% among male, 18.2% among female） university students reported having had experienced CSA before age 14, 1.2% university students reported having had experienced abuse of attempted vaginal or anal intercourse and 0.8% university students experienced abuse of forced vaginal or anal intercourse. The perpetrators were mainly strangers （accounting for 40.3%） and classmates or friends of the victims （23.9%）. Family members or relatives accounted for 11.3% of the perpetrators. Female students who came from cities （21.9%） reported more CSA experiences than those who came from townships （10.1%） or rural areas （8.2%）. Association between CSA experiences of victims and their parents education levels was not found. Those respondents who had ever experienced CSA before age 14 had reported more later risk behaviors than those who had not experienced CSA： males with CSA reported more experiences of ever fighting and more often involved in forced sexual intercourse than those without CSA, while females with CSA reported more experiences of smoking, running away from home, ever fighting, watching pornography and more unmarried sexual intercourse than those without CSA. Conclusion CSA is not rare among university students and associated with later risk sexual behaviors. It is important and urgent to pay attention to the issue of CSA and take prevention measures to protect children.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the association of sex behavior with sexual related psychological suppression and coping modes among students in three vocational schools in Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conduct...Objective To evaluate the association of sex behavior with sexual related psychological suppression and coping modes among students in three vocational schools in Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1 368 grade one students from three vocational schools in a district of Shanghai, with Computer Assisted Self- Interview （CASI）. The field work began in the April 2003 for a baseline survey, and completed in the December, 2003. Data on students＇ sexual intercourse, sexual related psychological suppression and psychological coping modes, and communication with parents were collected and analyzed. Binary logistic regression was used to adjust the potential confounding factors. Results After controlling for demographic factors, adolescents with middle or high scores of active psychological coping strategies on sexual related events were less likely to have sexual intercourse （ORadj=0.48, 95%CI=0.30-0. 77 and ORadj=0.49, 95%CI=0.30-0.83, respectively）, while association between psychological suppression on sex related events and sexual intercourse was not statistically significant （ORadj= 0.93, 95%CI=0.63-1.37）; sexual related psychological suppression and active coping modes were positively associated with adolescents＇ communicating with parents for 2-7 h/week about school things, but negatively associated with parents＇ open attitudes towards heterosexual contacts and talking sex related things with others. Conclusion Vocational school students with active psychological coping strategies on sexual related events were less likely to engage in sexual intercourse, so interventions focus on reducing unprotected sexual behaviors should target on psychological coping modes skills training.展开更多
文摘Objective To study the relationship between contraceptive knowledge, cognition and behaviors among vocational high school students. Methods A cross-sectional survey was anonymously self-administrated by way of computer to all the 1st graders＇ among three vocational high schools in a district of Shanghai. Four cognition indicators, including perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived risks and self eJficacy were applied according to Health Belief Model. Results The percentage of respondents who reported ever sexual practices and contraceptives use at first sex was 7.01% and 56.64% respectively. Condom （58. 70%） and oral contraceptive pills （27.78%） were used by the majority. Main reasons for non-use were ＂shy to buy it＂ （26.53%） and ＂partner don＇t want to use any＂ （18.37%）. Proportion of respondents who ever had sex regarded withdrawal and rhythm as effective were 68.35% and 68.42% respectively. Proportion of respondents having sex knew ＂If a person was infected with STDs, he/she might not have noticeable symptoms＂ were 22.86%. Proportion of respondents who reported non-use of contraceptives at first sex considered that ＂infrequent intercourse could not cause a girl pregnant even she had experienced her menstruation＂ were 40.63%. Proportion of respondents who had ever used condom got full score of knowledge on ＂how to correctly use condom＂ were 23,26%. Perceived risks were poorest among four cognition indicators. High level of contraceptive knowledge was connected with high rate of contraceptives use at first sex, whereas high level contraceptive cognition was connected with high rate of contraceptive use both at first and recent sex. Conclusions It is important to provide youth-friendly services as well as message on contraceptives among vocational school students.
文摘Objective To get a general picture of the attitudes of middle school educators on sex and reproductive health education. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 144 middle school educators in three districts of Shanghai from September to October 2005 using anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results The majority of the educators thought that it was necessary to launch the sex and reproductive health education in all of the middle schools in Shanghai （97. 02%）. They were aware that the age of the students＇puberty were earlier now than before （94.41%）, but the reproductive health knowledge of students was neither sufficient nor correct （78.34%）. The sex and reproductive health education had been involved in the curriculum of many middle schools （66.11%）. Lacking of qualified education staffs contributed most （90. 71%） in the schools which had not launched the sex and reproductive health education. Lacking of qualified education staffs （90.91%） challenged most in the schools which had carried the education. Conclusion The middle school educators thought it was necessary to carry the sex and reproductive health education in all of the middle schools in Shanghai while the major challenges were lacking of qualified education staffs and sufficient teaching time.
文摘Objective To evaluate the impact of sex and reproductive health education using lifeplanning skills training among senior high school students in a rural county. Methods The study was conducted in three senior high schools of Shangcai County with comparable socio-cultural, economic, and demographic characteristics, two as intervention sites and one as the control. A three-month life-planning skills training course was conducted among all grade one students in the intervention schools. The baseline survey was conducted prior to the intervention, once again three months after the intervention was initiated. Data were collected through questionnaires, FGDs and 1Dis to evaluate the effect of the intervention program. Results After the intervention, the median score of reproductive health knowledge was higher in the intervention group （55.66） than that in control group （38.68）. Students from the intervention group were also more comfortable with their developmental changes which were going through, In the end line survey, 92.70% of the students in the intervention group suggested that reproductive health education should be carried out among all middle school students in Shangcai County. Multivariate analysis also indicated that peers and family had a significant effect on students＇ sex-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. Conclusion Sex and reproductive health education via provision of life-planning skills training can significantly increase students＇ sex and reproductive health knowl- edge and was welcomed by students, teachers and parents.
基金supported by World Health Organization (project number A65308)
文摘Objective To understand the situations of childhood sexual abuse （CSA） and to examine associations of CSA with demographic factors and with later risk behaviors among university students in Shanghai, China. Methods A two-stage random sampling method was adopted to conduct the survey anomalously using electronic questionnaire and computer-assisted-structured-interview method. Results About 15.1% （10.2% among male, 18.2% among female） university students reported having had experienced CSA before age 14, 1.2% university students reported having had experienced abuse of attempted vaginal or anal intercourse and 0.8% university students experienced abuse of forced vaginal or anal intercourse. The perpetrators were mainly strangers （accounting for 40.3%） and classmates or friends of the victims （23.9%）. Family members or relatives accounted for 11.3% of the perpetrators. Female students who came from cities （21.9%） reported more CSA experiences than those who came from townships （10.1%） or rural areas （8.2%）. Association between CSA experiences of victims and their parents education levels was not found. Those respondents who had ever experienced CSA before age 14 had reported more later risk behaviors than those who had not experienced CSA： males with CSA reported more experiences of ever fighting and more often involved in forced sexual intercourse than those without CSA, while females with CSA reported more experiences of smoking, running away from home, ever fighting, watching pornography and more unmarried sexual intercourse than those without CSA. Conclusion CSA is not rare among university students and associated with later risk sexual behaviors. It is important and urgent to pay attention to the issue of CSA and take prevention measures to protect children.
文摘Objective To evaluate the association of sex behavior with sexual related psychological suppression and coping modes among students in three vocational schools in Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1 368 grade one students from three vocational schools in a district of Shanghai, with Computer Assisted Self- Interview （CASI）. The field work began in the April 2003 for a baseline survey, and completed in the December, 2003. Data on students＇ sexual intercourse, sexual related psychological suppression and psychological coping modes, and communication with parents were collected and analyzed. Binary logistic regression was used to adjust the potential confounding factors. Results After controlling for demographic factors, adolescents with middle or high scores of active psychological coping strategies on sexual related events were less likely to have sexual intercourse （ORadj=0.48, 95%CI=0.30-0. 77 and ORadj=0.49, 95%CI=0.30-0.83, respectively）, while association between psychological suppression on sex related events and sexual intercourse was not statistically significant （ORadj= 0.93, 95%CI=0.63-1.37）; sexual related psychological suppression and active coping modes were positively associated with adolescents＇ communicating with parents for 2-7 h/week about school things, but negatively associated with parents＇ open attitudes towards heterosexual contacts and talking sex related things with others. Conclusion Vocational school students with active psychological coping strategies on sexual related events were less likely to engage in sexual intercourse, so interventions focus on reducing unprotected sexual behaviors should target on psychological coping modes skills training.
