青藏高原南部洋板块地质重建及科学意义

在复杂碰撞造山带中发现、识别和重建能够揭示从洋中脊形成到海沟俯冲消亡洋陆转换过程的洋板块地层(OPS)单元及岩石组合序列,是大陆动力学研究的重大课题。本文在冈底斯地块南部与雅鲁藏布江结合带东段地区发现和识别出大量洋岛、海山、洋内弧、楔顶盆地、大洋盆地等洋板块地层。通过对该洋板块地层岩石组合序列、产出状态与变形变质特征与形成时代、构造环境等的初步研究,得出如下新的认识:(1)新发现的洋板块地层单元是雅鲁藏布江结合带东段在特提斯洋演化过程俯冲消减而形成增生杂岩带的重要组成部分;(2)在青藏高原南部古特提斯和新特提斯洋同时存在并连续演化;(3)南冈底斯带在中生代具有新特提斯增生楔和增生弧的地质背景,并且该增生楔是冈底斯南缘加厚新生下地壳的重要物质组成部分,对斑岩铜矿的形成起了促进作用。

Mussel‑Inspired Redox‑Active and Hydrophilic Conductive Polymer Nanoparticles for Adhesive Hydrogel Bioelectronics

Conductive polymers(CPs)are generally insoluble,and developing hydrophilic CPs is significant to broaden the applications of CPs.In this work,a mussel-inspired strategy was proposed to construct hydrophilic CP nanoparticles(CP NPs),while endowing the CP NPs with redox activity and biocompatibility.This is a universal strategy applicable for a series of CPs,including polyaniline,polypyrrole,and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).The catechol/quinone contained sulfonated lignin(LS)was doped into various CPs to form CP/LS NPs with hydrophilicity,conductivity,and redox activity.These CP/LS NPs were used as versatile nanofillers to prepare the conductive hydrogels with long-term adhesiveness.The CP/LS NPs-incorporated hydrogels have a good conductivity because of the uniform distribution of the hydrophilic NPs in the hydrogel network,forming a well-connected electric path.The hydrogel exhibits long-term adhesiveness,which is attributed to the mussel-inspired dynamic redox balance of catechol/quinone groups on the CP/LS NPs.This conductive and adhesive hydrogel shows good electroactivity and biocompatibility and therefore has broad applications in electrostimulation of tissue regeneration and implantable bioelectronics.

Protein hydrogels for biomedical applications

Hydrogels,characterised as highly hydrophilic three-dimensional polymer networks,have gained increasing attention due to their unique physicochemical properties,finding applications in various fields.Natural polymer hydrogels exhibit higher biocompatibility and biodegradability compared to traditional synthetic polymer hydrogels.Proteins,being the principal materials of natural polymer hydrogels,bear numerous modifiable functional groups.The resultant hydrogel possesses responsiveness,adjustable degradability,and underway as an excellent biomaterial.Seven common raw materials used to construct protein hydrogels are introduced.In terms of comparing natural polymer hydrogels with traditional synthetic polymer hydrogels,the authors conduct a detailed analysis and comparison,highlighting the advantages of natural polymer hydrogels in terms of biocompatibility and biodegradability,and summarising their characteristics.The authors also address the limitations of various protein hydrogels and list existing strengthening cross-linking strategies,proposing new insights to overcome the application limits of protein hydrogels.Additionally,the applications of protein hydrogels in drug delivery,biosensing,bio-inks and tissue engineering are discussed.The authors conclude by summarising the current challenges faced by protein hydrogels and prospecting its future development.

Opening of the Longmu Co–Shuanghu–Lancangjiang ocean:constraints from plagiogranites

This paper reports new zircon U-Pb ages,and Hf isotope and whole-rock major and trace element data for Cambrian plagiogranites from the Tuobeiling ophiolite in central Qiangtang,Tibetan Plateau.Zircon SIMS and LAICP-MS U-Pb dating of the plagiogranites yield weighted mean ages of 504.8±4.2 and 491.6±1.5 Ma,respectively.The zircons from plagiogranites exhibit positive eHf(t)values(ranging from 11.46 to 15.16),indicating that the plagiogranites are derived from depleted mantle.These plagiogranites are characterized by high SiO2and Na2O,low K2O,low REE contents,and flat REE distribution patterns.These rocks have geochemical compositions typical of oceanic plagiogranite and,considered along with their petrography and field relationships,are interpreted to have derived from anatexis of hydrated amphibolites by ductile shearing during transports of the oceanic crust.The formation age of such type of plagiogranite is slightly younger than that of the associated section of oceanic crust.Thus the new results from these plagiogranites suggest that the Longmu Co–Shuanghu–Lancangjiang ocean had probably opened before the Middle Cambrian.

Petrology, Geochemistry and Geochronology of Gabbros from the Zhongcang Ophiolitic Mélange, Central Tibet: Implications for an Intra-Oceanic Subduction Zone within the Neo-Tethys Ocean

In order to investigate the evolution of Shiquanhe-Yongzhu-Jiali ophiolitic melange belt, the gabbros from new discovered Zhongcang ophiolitic melange are studied through petrology, whole-rock geochemistry, zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotope. The gabbros investigated in this paper contain cumulate gabbro and gabbro dike, and they have undergone greenschist-amphibolite facies metamorphism. The chondrite normalized rare earth element （REE） patterns of most of these rocks show flat types with slightly light REE （LREE） depletion and the N-MORB normalized incompatible elements diagrams indicate depletion in high field strength elements （HFSE） （Nb, Ta） and enrichment in large ion lithophile elements （LILE）. These gabbros have island arc and mid-ocean ridge basalt af- finities, suggesting that they were originated in an oceanic back arc basin. Whole rock geochemistry and high positive εNd（t） values show that these gabbros were derived from -30% partial melting of a spinel lherzolite mantle, which was enriched by interaction with slab-derived fluids and melts from sediment. U-Pb analyses of zircons from cumulate gabbro yield a weighted mean age of 114.3±1.4 Ma. Based on our data and previous studies, we propose that an intra-oceanic subduction system and back arc basin operated in the Neo-Tethy Ocean of central Tibet during Middle Jurassic and Early Creta- ceous, resembling modern active intra-oceanic subduction systems in the western Pacific.

Polydopamine-mediated graphene oxide and nanohydroxyapatite-incorporated conductive scaffold with an immunomodulatory ability accelerates periodontal bone regeneration in diabetes

Regenerating periodontal bone tissues in the aggravated inflammatory periodontal microenvironment under diabetic conditions is a great challenge.Here,a polydopamine-mediated graphene oxide(PGO)and hydroxyapatite nanoparticle(PHA)-incorporated conductive alginate/gelatin(AG)scaffold is developed to accelerate periodontal bone regeneration by modulating the diabetic inflammatory microenvironment.PHA confers the scaffold with osteoinductivity and PGO provides a conductive pathway for the scaffold.The conductive scaffold promotes bone regeneration by transferring endogenous electrical signals to cells and activating Ca2+channels.Moreover,the scaffold with polydopamine-mediated nanomaterials has a reactive oxygen species(ROS)-scavenging ability and anti-inflammatory activity.It also exhibits an immunomodulatory ability that suppresses M1 macrophage polarization and activates M2 macrophages to secrete osteogenesis-related cytokines by mediating glycolytic and RhoA/ROCK pathways in macrophages.The scaffold induces excellent bone regeneration in periodontal bone defects of diabetic rats because of the synergistic effects of good conductive,ROS-scavenging,anti-inflammatory,and immunomodulatory abilities.This study provides fundamental insights into the synergistical effects of conductivity,osteoinductivity,and immunomodulatory abilities on bone regeneration and offers a novel strategy to design immunomodulatory biomaterials for treatment of immune-related diseases and tissue regeneration.

Mussel-inspired nanozyme catalyzed conductive and self-setting hydrogel for adhesive and antibacterial bioelectronics

Adhesive hydrogels have broad applications ranging from tissue engineering to bioelectronics;however,fabricating adhesive hydrogels with multiple functions remains a challenge.In this study,a mussel-inspired tannic acid chelated-Ag(TA-Ag)nanozyme with peroxidase(POD)-like activity was designed by the in situ reduction of ultrasmall Ag nanoparticles(NPs)with TA.The ultrasmall TA-Ag nanozyme exhibited high catalytic activity to induce hydrogel self-setting without external aid.The nanozyme retained abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups and maintained the dynamic redox balance of phenol-quinone,providing the hydrogels with long-term and repeatable adhesiveness,similar to the adhesion of mussels.The phenolic hydroxyl groups also afforded uniform distribution of the nanozyme in the hydrogel network,thereby improving its mechanical properties and conductivity.Furthermore,the nanozyme endowed the hydrogel with antibacterial activity through synergistic effects of the reactive oxygen species generated via POD-like catalytic reactions and the intrinsic bactericidal activity of Ag.Owing to these advantages,the ultrasmall TA-Ag nanozyme-catalyzed hydrogel could be effectively used as an adhesive,antibacterial,and implantable bioelectrode to detect bio-signals,and as a wound dressing to accelerate tissue regeneration while preventing infection.Therefore,this study provides a promising approach for the fabrication of adhesive hydrogel bioelectronics with multiple functions via mussel-inspired nanozyme catalysis.

^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar Thermochronology Constraints on Jurassic Tectonothermal Event of Nyainrong Microcontinent

To reveal the Jurassic tectonothermal event occurring to the Nyainrong microcontinent which is gripped among the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone,^40Ar/^39Ar dating was carried out on the basement orthogneiss and Jurassic granitc gneiss in the microcontinent. In the heating stage, four sam- pies exhibited a flat plateau age, with the value Tp concentrated in the range of 166-176 Ma; isochron age Ti was concentrated in the range of 165-175 Ma, and their corresponding ages were the consistent within allowable range. The ages should be representative of the era of the final deformation of the Amdo gneiss and cooling emplacement of the magmatic rock in the Jurassic. The geochronological studies have shown that the final deformation of microcontinent crystalline basement and the cooling of the Mesozoic large-scale tectonothermal events occurred in late Middle Jurassic. In Middle Jurassic, Nyainrong microcontinent experienced strong tectonic movement. Combining with the geochronologi- cal with isotope geochemistry for the microcontinent, the cause of the tectonothermal event should be attributed to the collision between the Nyainrong microcontinent and South Qiangtang Block following the northward subduction of Bangong-Nujiang oceanic crust.

Zircon U-Pb Age,Geochemical Data:Constraints on the Origin and Tectonic Evolution of the Metamafic Rocks from Longmuco-Shuanghu-Lancang Suture Zone,Tibet

Bulk-rock major and trace elements and zircon U-Pb data are reported for Permian metamafic rocks from Guoganjianan, in the western part of Longmuco-Shuanghu-Lancang suture zone. These results offer new insights into mantle source characteristics and geodynamic setting of Permian ophiolitic fragments. U-Pb isotopic dating using SHRIMP II method reveals that the metamafic rocks were formed at 274.7± 3.9 and 279.8± 3.6 Ma. The metamafic rocks mostly show N-MORB-typed rare earth element patterns and are enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements, indicating that they are probably derived from partial melting of a depleted mantle in a back-arc basin. Our new data, together with recent studied results on Paleozoic ophiolitic fragments suggest the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in Central Qiangtang opened at Cambrian and widened between Ordovician and Devonian. Northward subduction started in the Late Devonian–Early Carboniferous and a back-arc basin developed during Permian.

Natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogel for biomedical applications

Hydrogel is a polymer network system that can form a hydrophilic three-dimensional network structure through different cross-linking methods.In recent years,hydrogels have received considerable attention due to their good biocompatibility and biodegradability by introducing different cross-linking mechanisms and functional components.Compared with synthetic hydrogels,natural polymer-based hydrogels have low biotoxicity,high cell affinity,and great potential for biomedical fields;however,their mechanical properties and tissue adhesion capabilities have been unable to meet clinical requirements.In recent years,many efforts have been made to solve these issues.In this review,the recent progress in the field of natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogels is highlighted.The authors first introduce the general design principles for the natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogels being used as excellent tissue adhesives and the challenges associated with their design.Next,their usages in biomedical applications are summarised,such as wound healing,haemostasis,nerve repair,bone tissue repair,cartilage tissue repair,electronic devices,and other tissue repairs.Finally,the potential challenges of natural polymer-based adhesive hydrogels are presented.

Injectable hydrogels for anti-tumour treatment:a review

Injectable hydrogels have become the material of choice for the treatment of solid tumours based on their advantages in loading anti-tumour materials.This study reviews the main scientific research achievements on antitumour injectable hydrogels in recent years.The gel-forming mechanism of anti-tumour injectable hydrogels was listed,and the advantages and difficulties of each gel-forming mechanism were summarised.In addition,several current anti-tumour methods based on injectable hydrogels were discussed,including chemotherapy,hyperthermiabased therapy,catalytic therapy and immune therapy,as well as the integration of diagnosis and treatment to monitor the progress of cancer treatment.The anti-tumour mechanism and the advantages and disadvantages of various tumour treatments were analysed.Finally,the future development trend of injectable hydrogels for anti-tumour therapy was discussed.

Engineering multifunctional bioadhesive powders through dynamic metal-ligand coordination

Bioadhesive gels with robust adhesion on wet and irregular tissue surfaces are desirable for clinical applications.Assembly of bioadhesive powders is an effective strategy for obtaining gels that adhere to wet and irregular tissue surfaces by absorbing interfacial water.However,current bioadhesive powders lack positive biological functions and are prone to postoperative adhesion.Here,we present a powder strategy based on metal-ligand coordination to create a series of bioadhesive polyacrylic acid(PAA)gels.In the gel network,metal ions(M^(n+))are used to coordinate with the carboxy ligands of PAA to form dynamic noncovalent crosslinks.The powders can absorb interfacial water and assemble into gels on wet and irregular tissue surfaces within a few seconds,forming an initial adhesion layer by electrostatic interactions.Furthermore,the polymers can diffuse into the tissue matrix,and metal-ligand coordination is reconstructed to enhance the adhesion.Moreover,with a cationic shield layer,the bioadhesive powders can effectively avoid postoperative adhesion.Importantly,M^(n+) ions endow the gel with customized biological functions.We demonstrate that the hemostatic,antibacterial,peroxidase-like catalytic,and photodetachment abilities of the gels by incorporating different M^(n+) ions.These advantages make the bioadhesive powder a promising platform for diverse tissue repair applications.

Preparation of metal‐organic frameworks and their derivatives for supercapacitors

To satisfy the requirements of social power development,it is urgently necessary to develop innovative and sustainable new energy storage devices.Supercapacitors have attracted considerable attention as a new type of energy storage device,owing to their high energy density,high power density,fast charging and discharging speeds,and long cycle life.The electrode material is an important factor in determining the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors.In recent years,researchers explored the application of metal‐organic frameworks(MOFs)and their derivatives as electrode materials for supercapacitors.In this paper,the preparation of monometallic,bimetallic,and conductive MOFs,and their derivatives for application in supercapacitors are reviewed.In addition,challenges facing MOFs in the field of supercapacitors and their future development prospects are discussed.

Corrigendum to“Mussel-inspired nanozyme catalyzed conductive and self-setting hydrogel for adhesive and antibacterial bioelectronics”[Bioact.Mater.6(2021)2676-2687/452]

The authors regret<that the published version of the above article contained an error in Figure 5d,which was not identified during the proofing stage.The Figure 5d has been revised as follow.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused and state that the correction does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way.

Metal-organic framework-based biomaterials for biomedical applications

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)refer to porous coordination materials that are formed from the assembly of metal ions and organic ligands.They have unique features,such as a large specific surface area,multiple active sites,easy functionalisation,and adjustable biocompatibility.MOFs have recently been widely used in the field of biomedical engineering owing to their unique structures and properties.This has enabled them to replace traditional materials and effectively address several problems.Through continuous development,MOF-based biomaterials have been remarkably improved by clarifying the relationship between MOF structures and properties.As a result,they are being extensively studied in the fields of chemical and material science.MOF-based biomaterials can meet the growing demands for efficient materials in biomedical appli-cations.This review first discusses the basic structure of MOFs,followed by their preparation and functionalisation methods.The biomedical applications of MOF‐based biomaterials in the fields of antibacterial activity,tumour therapy,skin repair,and bone repair are then summarised.Finally,challenges and future perspectives in the biomedical applications of MOF-based biomaterials are outlined.

Bio-inspired nanofunctionalisation of biomaterial surfaces:a review

The surfaces of biomaterials determine their efficacy and hence,have an important role in clinical applications.Through bio-inspired surface nanofunctionalisation,the surface properties of biomaterials such as physical morphologyand chemical composition can be tailored using biomimicry.It is a powerful tool for improving the interactions betweenthe physiological environment and biomaterial surfaces.Therefore,research on bio-inspired nanofunctionalised surfaceshas attracted much attention in recent years.This review focus on the recent bio-inspired strategies based on the structureof the extracellular matrix(ECM)and composition of mussel-inspired polydopamine(PDA).The design,preparation,andproperties of ECM and PDA-inspired nanofunctionalised biomaterial surfaces are reviewed.l have also highlighted theeffects of these bio-inspired nanofunctionalised biomaterial surfaces on bone regeneration,cartilage repair,andantibacterial activities.