二尖瓣成形术治疗二尖瓣关闭不全的效果评价

目的 评价二尖瓣成形术(MVP)治疗二尖瓣关闭不全(MI)的效果。方法 选取2019年2月至2021年2月因二尖瓣中重度反流在广东省江门市中心医院施行瓣膜手术的患者90例,将其中行二尖瓣置换术(MVR)患者44例设为对照组,将行MVP的患者46例设为观察组。对比2组手术施行情况指标、术后心脏超声参数指标[左心房内径(LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)]、术后病情转归指标以及随访期间手术疗效,记录2组术后2年内不良心脏事件发生情况。结果 观察组手术时间、体外循环时间、关胸时间、呼吸机使用时间、重症监护病房住院时间、拔管时间短于对照组,术中出血量、术后引流量少于对照组,术后LAD、LVEDD小于对照组,LVEF高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组术后1、2年二尖瓣反流量>3 ml的患者比例低于对照组[4.3%(2/46)比20.5%(9/44)、6.5%(3/46)比22.7%(10/44)],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组术后2年内不良心脏事件发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 MVP治疗MI效果优良,能降低手术创伤与风险,改善心功能,促进病情尽早恢复,且并发症少。

中-浅低温停循环行主动脉弓部手术后神经系统并发症发生危险因素及与术中最低膀胱温的关系

目的探讨中-浅低温停循环行主动脉弓部手术后神经系统并发症发生危险因素及与术中降温至最低膀胱温的关系,旨在为术中停循环下温度控制及预后改善提供更多参考。方法回顾性纳入2016年1月至2023年1月于本院行中-浅低温停循环主动脉弓部手术患者共123例,根据术后有无神经系统并发症分为并发症组(35例)和无并发症组(88例);采用单因素和Logistic回归模型多因素分析确定患者神经系统并发症发生独立危险因素,并进一步通过多元线性回归模型评估术中最低膀胱温与患者神经系统并发症发生风险间的关系。结果单因素分析结果显示,术前脑灌注情况、术中最低膀胱温、手术时间、体外循环时间及升主动脉阻断时间均可能与主动脉弓部手术患者神经系统并发症发生有关(P<0.05);Logistic回归模型多因素分析结果显示,术前脑灌注不良和术中最低膀胱温均是中-浅低温停循环行主动脉弓部手术患者神经系统并发症发生独立危险因素(OR=1.26,1.85,95%CI:1.12~4.48,1.37~6.83,P<0.05);多元线性回归模型分析结果显示,术中最低膀胱温与患者术后神经系统并发症发生风险独立相关(OR=0.54,95%CI:0.30~0.91,P=0.02);其中术中最低膀胱温30~34℃是患者神经系统并发症发生独立保护因素(OR=0.07,95%CI:0.01~0.92,P=0.04)。结论中-浅低温停循环行主动脉弓部手术患者神经系统并发症发生与术前脑灌注情况和术中最低膀胱温有关,术中维持膀胱温在浅低温有助于降低神经系统并发症发生风险。

Nonlinear Relationship and Its Evolutionary Trace between Node Degree and Average Path Length of China Aviation Network Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the relationship between the node degree and the average path length of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 was studied.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the airline as the edge of the network.On the basis of the statistical data,the node average path length of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 was calculated.Through regression analysis,it was found that the node degree had a logarithmic relationship with the average length of node path,and the two parameters of the logarithmic relationship had linear evolutionary trace.Key word:China aviation network,complex network,node degree,average length of node path,logarithmic relationship,evolutionary trace.

Nonlinear Relationship and Its Evolutionary Trace between Average Degree and Average Path Length of Edge Vertices of China Aviation Network Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the relationship between the average degree and the average path length of edge vertices of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 was studied.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the airline as the edge of the network.On the basis of the statistical data,the average degree and average path length of edge vertices of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Through regression analysis,it was found that the average degree had a logarithmic relationship with the average path length of edge vertices and the two parameters of the logarithmic relationship had linear evolutionary trace.

Probability Distribution of Ratio of China Aviation Network Edge Vertices Degree and Its Evolutionary Trace Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of ratio of China aviation network edge vertices degree were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the ratio of edge vertices degree in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the ratio of edge vertices degree had linear probability distribution and the two parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.

Probability Distribution of China Aviation Network Average Degree of Edge Vertices and Its Evolutionary Trace Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the probability distribution and evolution trace of average degree of edge vertices of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network. Based on the statistical data, the average degrees of edge vertices in China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were calculated. Using the probability statistical analysis method and regression analysis approach, it was found that the average degree of edge vertices had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.

Probability Distribution of Arithmetic Average of China Aviation Network Edge Vertices Nearest Neighbor Average Degree Value and Its Evolutionary Trace Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network.Based on the statistical data,the arithmetic averages of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values of China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Using the probability statistical analysis method,it was found that the arithmetic average of edge vertices nearest neighbor average degree values had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.

多酸复合作用对溶液型液体无碱速凝剂性能影响研究

溶液型液体无碱速凝剂AF-LR-FSA因其促凝效果好、绿色环保等优势,已成为当前喷射混凝土技术的研究热点。然而AF-LR-FSA中重要促凝成分硫酸铝极易从水相体系中析出,严重影响其稳定性。选择多种酸作为稳定剂,研究了单一酸和多种酸对AF-LR-FSA稳定时间、水泥砂浆凝结时间和强度的影响。结果发现,体系中含2种及以上有机酸可提高产品稳定性,其中1种有机酸为抗坏血酸(VC)时稳定性更好,稳定时间最长可达到180 d。

Nonlinear Relationship and Its Evolutionary Trace between Node Degree and Nearest Neighbor Average Degree of China Aviation Network Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network, the relationship between the node degree and the nearest neighbor average degree and its evolution trace of China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 were studied. According to the theory and method of complex network, the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the airline as the edge of the network. According to the statistical data, the node nearest neighbor average degree of China aviation network in 1988, 1994, 2001, 2008 and 2015 was calculated. Through regression analysis, it was found that the node degree had a negative exponential relationship with the nearest neighbor average degree, and the two parameters of the negative exponential relationship had linear evolution trace.

Probability Distribution of China Aviation Network Nearest Neighbor Average Degree and Its Evolutionary Trace Based on Complex Network

In order to reveal the complex network characteristics and evolution principle of China aviation network,the probability distribution and evolution trace of node nearest neighbor average degree of China aviation network were studied based on the statistics data of China civil aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015.According to the theory and method of complex network,the network system was constructed with the city where the airport was located as the network node and the route between cities as the edge of the network.Based on the statistical data,the nearest neighbor average degrees of nodes in China aviation network in 1988,1994,2001,2008 and 2015 were calculated.Using the probability statistical analysis method,it was found that the nearest neighbor average degree had the probability distribution of normal function and the position parameters and scale parameters of the probability distribution had linear evolution trace.

谈漆论画:我的漆画艺术探索

7我的漆画创作之路与随想我常常在想“画什么不重要,重要的是怎么画”。那么我从学漆画到现在也有三十多年了,总结起来大致分为三个阶段。

体外循环下左室瓣膜置换术的临床疗效研究

目的探讨体外循环下左室瓣膜置换术的临床疗效。方法选择本院行左室瓣膜置换术的170例大左心室瓣膜病患者为研究对象,观察患者术后早期死亡和并发症发生情况以及治疗前后的超声心动图指标和心功能分级。结果患者行体外循环下左室瓣膜置换术术后死亡率为5.29%(9/170)。与治疗前相比,患者治疗后LVEDD、TRPG明显降低,LVEF、LVFS明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);治疗后NYHA III级、IV级患者明显减少,NYHA I级、II级患者明显增多,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论大左心室瓣膜病患者行体外循环下左室瓣膜置换术的近期疗效满意,围术期死亡率低,且术后左室重构、心功能明显改善。

谈漆论画:我的漆画艺术探索

漆画是工艺与绘画相结合的产物,源于髹漆技艺而发展。漆是有生命力绘画媒材,对漆材料的不同认知、感知和体验,会有各各不同的表现和艺术形式。现代中国漆画虽然经过了60多年的快速发展,但限于绘画语言和材料认识等问题的局限,一直困扰着漆画艺术家的创作思维,鲜有突破,发展处于瓶颈。漆画的表现范围既很宽泛又很窄,漆画的创作需要重新认识传统、突破工艺属性,只有悟出漆画特性,研究漆性,较好地驾驭漆性,才能运用绘画语言表现真正意义上的漆画的视觉审美品味。

车用柴油机主轴承轴瓦微动磨损研究

随着对车用柴油机功率密度和使用寿命要求不断提高,柴油机主轴承轴瓦背部由于长期承受较大交变载荷,会产生微动磨损,对零部件和整机的使用寿命产生较大影响。针对一款车用柴油机的主轴承-机体过盈接触面进行微动磨损研究,模拟实际工况载荷,对机体-主轴瓦接触副进行1 000万次动载加载试验,获取主轴承-机体接触面微动磨损情况,并对比不同螺栓预紧力对微动磨损的影响。建立机体-轴瓦接触仿真模型,结合微动磨损的Archard模型分析主轴承-机体的微动磨损规律并与试验结果进行对比。结果表明:仿真结果与试验吻合,最大磨损位置出现在上轴瓦边缘,增大螺栓预紧力会增大上轴瓦磨损同时减小下轴瓦磨损。进一步对螺栓预紧力和主轴承过盈的方案分析表明,最大磨损位置与螺栓靠近轴瓦导致应力应变过大有关,在一定范围内增加过盈量可以显著降低微动磨损。研究结果为减小轴承微动磨损提供了建议和参考。

CT与核磁共振技术在诊断股骨头坏死的对比研究

目的:对比CT与磁共振技术(MRI)诊断股骨头坏死的准确率。方法:选取2019年6月—2020年4月我院收治的60例股骨头坏死患者(82髋)作为研究对象,所有患者均行CT检查及MRI检查,分析两种检查方法诊断股骨头坏死的准确率。结果:所有患者经手术病理证实均为股骨头坏死。术前经MRI检查诊断明确77例,诊断准确率为93.9%,其中ACRO Ⅰ期4例,Ⅱ期13例,Ⅲ期41例,Ⅳ期19例;经CT检查发现66例,诊断准确率为80.5%,其中ACROⅠ期1例,Ⅱ期5例,Ⅲ期40例,Ⅳ期20例;MRI检查的准确率显著高于CT,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与CT检查对比,MRI检查诊断股骨头坏死的准确率更高,特别在诊断早期股骨头坏死更具优势,更有利于股骨头坏死的早期诊断及防治。

不同分子分型乳腺癌血清肿瘤标志物的表达差异与肿瘤复发转移的影响因素

目的探讨不同分子分型乳腺癌患者血清肿瘤标志物CEA、CA125和CA15-3的表达差异,以及其与复发转移的相关性。方法回顾性分析212例乳腺癌患者的病历及随访资料,并根据激素受体表达情况分为Luminal A型、Luminal B型、Her-2过表达型和Basal-like型4个分子亚型。比较不同分子分型乳腺癌患者术前血清肿瘤标志物CEA、CA125和CA15-3的表达水平及其临床特征,并分析影响乳腺癌患者复发转移的因素。结果不同分子分型的乳腺癌患者各肿瘤标志物的表达水平存在差异,其中,Her-2过表达型患者CA15-3的表达水平较其他3组明显升高(χ^2=7.98,P=0.04)。此外,不同分子分型乳腺癌患者肿瘤细胞的分化程度不同,Her-2过表达型患者低分化的比例明显高于其他3组(χ^2=12.42,P=0.006)。4个亚组间的复发转移率也存在明显差异,Her-2过表达型患者的复发转移率最高(F=8.69,P=0.034)。多因素Cox回归分析显示,肿瘤直径、组织分化程度和有无脉管瘤栓是乳腺癌患者复发转移的独立危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论Her-2过表达型乳腺癌患者CA15-3水平高,预后差,提示临床应该结合分子分型、肿瘤标志物以及相关危险因素进行个体化治疗。

缸盖材料P-S-N曲线测试及疲劳模型选用方法

从缸盖本体取样测试了其材料疲劳性能,提出了一种新的疲劳寿命分布模型选用方法,高应力低寿命区选用对数正态分布模型,低应力长寿命区选用三参数威布尔分布模型。给出了用Matlab计算三参数幂函数S-N模型参数的方法,并分析了不同S-N疲劳应力寿命模型拟合偏差,结果表明,三参数幂函数模型精度明显优于另外两种。最后根据计算结果拟合预测了疲劳强度,混合分布预测结果与升降法测试结果的偏差最小,为6 MPa。

全髋关节置换术联合钢丝张力带治疗老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨全髋关节置换术联合钢丝张力带治疗老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折的近期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2016年6月-2019年7月收治的53例老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的临床资料,男21例,女32例;年龄75~98岁,平均84.4岁;左侧30例,右侧23例致伤原因:跌倒伤44例,交通伤8例,压扎伤1例。按Evans-Jensen分型:Ⅱ型7例,Ⅲ型23例,Ⅳ型23例。所有病例均采用加长型长柄全髋关节置换术,大转子骨折采用钢丝张力带固定。术后无需外固定,记录临床及影像学结果,根据Harris髋关节评分评价术后功能。结果本组伤口均一期愈合,随访14~49个月,平均23.5个月,大转子骨折均愈合,髋关节功能明显改善。临床结果按Harris评估标准,优36例,良15例,可2例,差0例,优良率96.2%。结论全髋关节置换术联合钢丝张力带治疗老年不稳定性股骨转子间骨折,疗效可靠,并发症少,术后可早期功能锻炼,有利于骨折愈合和患肢功能恢复。

巍巍峻岭接天霞 朱漆研彩铸长城——中国共产党历史展览馆大型漆壁画《长城颂》创作谈

中国共产党历史展览馆序厅大型漆壁画《长城颂》,是为庆祝中国共产党百年华诞献上的一份厚礼。壁画画幅总面积600平方米,由100块铝蜂窝板组成,寓意建党百年,是中国漆画史上前所未有的巨制作品。从创作的思路、画稿的构思、艺术手法的应用、形式语言的选择,再到工程技术的创新设想等,作者都作了精心而详实的系统的方案设计。作品采用现代漆画的艺术造型语言来进行描绘,这既是对中国优秀传统漆艺术的传承,更为漆画的未来发展途径作了有益的探索,为漆画参与国家重大题材的创作提供了宝贵的艺术经验,为今后漆画服务于国家文化和经济建设提供了示范作用。

Comparing of Aviation Network Structure of Mid-south,Northwest and Southwest of China Based on Hierarchical Index Model

In order to compare the aviation network of mid-south,northwest and southwest of China to reveal the structure similarity and difference for providing quantitative evidence to construct regional aviation network and improve its structure,hierarchical index model of regional aviation network was established through dividing the aviation network into layers to research its structure characters.Data matrixes were defined to record the basic state of regional aviation network.Index matrixes were constructed to describe the quantitative features of regional aviation network.On the basis of these indexes,several structure indexes of all layers of aviation network were calculated to show the structure features of aviation network,such as ratio of passenger volume within the region with across the region,share rate of passenger volume among layers,ratio of average number of airline for each airport,ratio of average passenger volume for each airline and ratio of airline rate.According to the statistical data,similar structure of share rate of passenger volume among layers and average passenger volume for each airline in their regional aviation network was found after calculating.But on the side of ratio of passenger volume within the region with across the region,ratio of average number of airlines for each airport and ratio of airline rate were different.