BACKGROUND Lung endometriosis is an extremely rare gynecological disease.Current literature reports suggest that the majority of patients will present with only generic symptoms,such as hemoptysis,pneumothorax,and hem...BACKGROUND Lung endometriosis is an extremely rare gynecological disease.Current literature reports suggest that the majority of patients will present with only generic symptoms,such as hemoptysis,pneumothorax,and hemopneumothorax,which often leads to misdiagnosis.To date,there are 18 case reports of lung endometriosis that describe the clinical manifestation,imaging changes,treatment,and prognosis of the disease.To provide further insights into this rare disease,we present a new case report and a brief review of pulmonary endometriosis.CASE SUMMARY We report here about a 19-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital for repeated catamenial hemoptysis over a 3-mo period.computed tomography(CT)imaging during menstruation revealed patchy high-density shadows,approximately 0.5 cm3 in size,in the right middle lobe of the lung.The patient’s hemoptysis and changes in the CT scans resolved after menstruation.Thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy,right lower lung repair,and closed thoracic drainage were performed.Postoperative histopathology confirmed lung endometriosis.There was no recurrence of symptoms at the 6 mo follow-up.CONCLUSION We propose diagnosing lung endometriosis by thoroughly taking reproductive history,clinical details,imaging,and histopathology followed by treatment with surgical resection.展开更多
AIM: To illustrate the isoform-specific role and mechanism of c-Jun N-terminal kinases(JNKs) in mouse optic nerve axotomy induced neurotrauma. METHODS: We firstly investigated the expression of JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3 in...AIM: To illustrate the isoform-specific role and mechanism of c-Jun N-terminal kinases(JNKs) in mouse optic nerve axotomy induced neurotrauma. METHODS: We firstly investigated the expression of JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3 in the retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) by double-immunofluorescent staining. Then we created optic nerve axotomy model in wild type as well as JNK1, JNK2, JNK3, isoform specific gene deficiency mice. With that, we checked the protein expression profile of JNKs and its active form, and quantified the survival RGCs number by immunofluorescence staining. We further explored the molecules underlying isoform specific protective effect by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Western blotting assay. RESULTS: We found that all the three isoforms of JNKs were expressed in the RGCs. Deficiency of JNK3, but not JNK1 or JNK2, significantly alleviated optic nerve axotomyinduced RGCs apoptosis. We further established that expression of Noxa, a pro-apoptotic member of BH3 family, was significantly suppressed only in JNK3 gene deficiency mice. But tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1) and Fas, two key modulators of death receptor mediated apoptosis pathway, did not display obvious change in the expression. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that mitochondria mediated apoptosis, but not death receptor mediated apoptosis got involved in the JNK3 gene deficiency induced RGCs protection. Our study provides a novel insight into the isoform-specific role of JNKs in neurotrauma and indicates some cues for its therapeutics.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Lung endometriosis is an extremely rare gynecological disease.Current literature reports suggest that the majority of patients will present with only generic symptoms,such as hemoptysis,pneumothorax,and hemopneumothorax,which often leads to misdiagnosis.To date,there are 18 case reports of lung endometriosis that describe the clinical manifestation,imaging changes,treatment,and prognosis of the disease.To provide further insights into this rare disease,we present a new case report and a brief review of pulmonary endometriosis.CASE SUMMARY We report here about a 19-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital for repeated catamenial hemoptysis over a 3-mo period.computed tomography(CT)imaging during menstruation revealed patchy high-density shadows,approximately 0.5 cm3 in size,in the right middle lobe of the lung.The patient’s hemoptysis and changes in the CT scans resolved after menstruation.Thoracoscopic right middle lobectomy,right lower lung repair,and closed thoracic drainage were performed.Postoperative histopathology confirmed lung endometriosis.There was no recurrence of symptoms at the 6 mo follow-up.CONCLUSION We propose diagnosing lung endometriosis by thoroughly taking reproductive history,clinical details,imaging,and histopathology followed by treatment with surgical resection.
文摘AIM: To illustrate the isoform-specific role and mechanism of c-Jun N-terminal kinases(JNKs) in mouse optic nerve axotomy induced neurotrauma. METHODS: We firstly investigated the expression of JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3 in the retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) by double-immunofluorescent staining. Then we created optic nerve axotomy model in wild type as well as JNK1, JNK2, JNK3, isoform specific gene deficiency mice. With that, we checked the protein expression profile of JNKs and its active form, and quantified the survival RGCs number by immunofluorescence staining. We further explored the molecules underlying isoform specific protective effect by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Western blotting assay. RESULTS: We found that all the three isoforms of JNKs were expressed in the RGCs. Deficiency of JNK3, but not JNK1 or JNK2, significantly alleviated optic nerve axotomyinduced RGCs apoptosis. We further established that expression of Noxa, a pro-apoptotic member of BH3 family, was significantly suppressed only in JNK3 gene deficiency mice. But tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1) and Fas, two key modulators of death receptor mediated apoptosis pathway, did not display obvious change in the expression. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that mitochondria mediated apoptosis, but not death receptor mediated apoptosis got involved in the JNK3 gene deficiency induced RGCs protection. Our study provides a novel insight into the isoform-specific role of JNKs in neurotrauma and indicates some cues for its therapeutics.
