Effects of iron oxide on crystallization behavior and spatial distribution of spinel in stainless steel slag

Chromium plays a vital role in stainless steel due to its ability to improve the corrosion resistance of the latter.However,the re-lease of chromium from stainless steel slag(SSS)during SSS stockpiling causes detrimental environmental issues.To prevent chromium pollution,the effects of iron oxide on crystallization behavior and spatial distribution of spinel were investigated in this work.The results revealed that FeO was more conducive to the growth of spinels compared with Fe2O3 and Fe3O4.Spinels were found to be mainly distrib-uted at the top and bottom of slag.The amount of spinel phase at the bottom decreased with the increasing FeO content,while that at the top increased.The average particle size of spinel in the slag with 18wt%FeO content was 12.8μm.Meanwhile,no notable structural changes were observed with a further increase in FeO content.In other words,the spatial distribution of spinel changed when the content of iron oxide varied in the range of 8wt%to 18wt%.Finally,less spinel was found at the bottom of slag with a FeO content of 23wt%.

火星降落伞开伞过程形态参数辨识与应用

针对柔性目标降落伞开伞过程的形态变化大、光照强度变化大、运动规律性差、存在遮挡等问题,提出了一种基于多算法融合的视觉测量技术的降落伞开伞过程形态参数辨识方法。首先,设计了具有视觉测量靶标功能的降落伞图案,提供了丰富的具有可区分度的标记点,能够准确地对定位点进行跟踪和测量,并开展了双目相机内、外参标定。其次,提出了应用对极几何原理,采用基于暗通道的图像增强技术,提高了图像质量,有效地减轻了各种噪声和过曝光等环境因素的影响;采用稀疏编码超分辨率重建算法,改进了特征点的像素级提取,实现了高精度的亚像素级特征提取;采用特征跟踪扩展卡尔曼滤波算法,提升了特征匹配跟踪的精度和效率。最后,通过全尺寸高空开伞试验的验证,结果表明该方法能够达到较高的辨识精度,具有较好的准确性和鲁棒性。此方法在中国首次火星探测“天问一号”探测器上成功得到了应用,精确地从双目影像中辨识出降落伞开伞过程形态参数,对设计和分析降落伞开伞工况提供了重要的技术参考和数据积累。