党建融合银行治理的风险防范效应

随着党委成员进入公司董监高的法定程序与机制不断完善,“双向进入、交叉任职”体制促进“党组治理”与“现代公司治理”有机融合,形成双重治理架构。基于2002—2020年215家商业银行的面板数据,本文探究了党组参与银行治理的风险防范效应,并从党委书记和董事长“两职合一”到党委成员进入董监高等多个维度进行实证检验,研究发现:党组参与治理显著降低了银行的风险承担。进一步地,面对经济政策不确定性上升所带来的负面影响,党组参与治理主要通过班子成员进入董事会来有效降低银行风险承担,提高金融体系韧性。具体通过降低大客户集中度、熨平经营波动性来实现,而非紧缩贷款、囤积流动性。因此,党建与银行治理的融合有效地提升了金融服务实体的能力。本文检验了党组参与银行治理的作用机制与风险防范效应,丰富了中国特色金融企业制度的理论创新与实践探索。

TiO_(2)Electron Transport Layer with p-n Homojunctions for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Low-temperature processed electron transport layer(ETL)of TiO_(2)that is widely used in planar perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has inherent low carrier mobility,resulting in insufficient photogenerated elec-tron transport and thus recombination loss at buried interface.Herein,we demonstrate an effective strategy of laser embedding of p-n homojunctions in the TiO_(2)ETL to accelerate electron transport in PSCs,through localized build-in electric fields that enables boosted electron mobility by two orders of magnitude.Such embedding is found significantly helpful for not only the enhanced crystallization quality of TiO_(2)ETL,but the fabrication of perovskite films with larger-grain and the less-trap-states.The embedded p-n homojunction enables also the modulation of interfacial energy level between perovskite layers and ETLs,favoring for the reduced voltage deficit of PSCs.Benefiting from these merits,the formamidinium lead iodide(FAPbI_(3))PSCs employing such ETLs deliver a champion efficiency of 25.50%,along with much-improved device stability under harsh conditions,i.e.,maintain over 95%of their initial efficiency after operation at maximum power point under continuous heat and illumination for 500 h,as well as mixed-cation PSCs with a champion efficiency of 22.02%and over 3000 h of ambient storage under humidity stability of 40%.Present study offers new possibilities of regulating charge transport layers via p-n homojunction embedding for high performance optoelectronics.

Diagnostic and prognostic role of LINC01767 in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a primary contributor to cancer-related mortality on a global scale.However,the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood.Long noncoding RNAs are emerging markers for HCC diagnosis,prognosis,and therapeutic target.No study of LINC01767 in HCC was published.AIM To conduct a multi-omics analysis to explore the roles of LINC01767 in HCC for the first time.METHODS DESeq2 Package was used to analyze different gene expressions.Receiver operating characteristic curves assessed the diagnostic performance.Kaplan-Meier univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were used to perform survival analysis.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)-Cox was used to identify the prediction model.Subsequent to the validation of LINC01767 expression in HCC fresh frozen tissues through quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction,next generation sequencing was performed following LINC01767 over expression(GSE243371),and Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes/Gene Set Enrichment Analysis/ingenuity pathway analysis was carried out.In vitro experiment in Huh7 cell was carried out.RESULTS LINC01767 was down-regulated in HCC with a log fold change=1.575 and was positively correlated with the cancer stemness.LINC01767 was a good diagnostic marker with area under the curve(AUC)[0.801,95% confidence interval(CI):0.751-0.852,P=0.0106]and an independent predictor for overall survival(OS)with hazard ratio=1.899(95%CI:1.01-3.58,P=0.048).LINC01767 nomogram model showed a satisfied performance.The top-ranked regulatory network analysis of LINC01767 showed the regulation of genes participating various pathways.LASSO regression identified the 9-genes model showing a more satisfied performance than 5-genes model to predict the OS with AUC>0.75.LINC01767 was down-expressed obviously in tumor than para-tumor tissues in our cohort as well as in cancer cell line;the over expression of LINC01767 inhibit cell proliferation and clone formation of Huh7 in vitro.CONCLUSION LINC01767 was an important tumor suppressor gene in HCC with good diagnostic and prognostic performance.

Static and dynamic evolution of CO adsorption onγ-U(100)surface with different levels of Mo doping using DFT and AIMD calculations

Alloys of uranium and molybdenum are considered as the future of nuclear fuel and defense materials.However,surface corrosion is a fundamental problem in practical applications and storage.In this study,the static and dynamic evolution of carbon monoxide(CO)adsorption and dissociation onγ-U(100)surface with different Mo doping levels was investigated based on density functional theory and ab initio molecular dynamics.During the static calculation phase,parameters,such as adsorption energy,configuration,and Bader charge,were evaluated at all adsorption sites.Furthermore,the time-dependent behavior of CO molecule adsorption were investigated at the most favorable sites.The minimum energy paths for CO molecu-lar dissociation and atom migration were investigated using the transition state search method.The results demonstrated that the CO on the uranium surface mainly manifests as chemical adsorption before dissociation of the CO molecule.The CO molecule exhibited a tendency to rotate and tilt upright adsorption.However,it is difficult for CO adsorption on the surface in one of the configurations with CO molecule in vertical direction but oxygen(O)is closer to the surface.Bader charge illustrates that the charge transfers from slab atoms to the 2π*antibonding orbital of CO molecule and particularly occurs in carbon(C)atoms.The time is less than 100 fs for the adsorptions that forms embryos with tilt upright in dynamics evolution.The density of states elucidates that the overlapping hybridization of C and O 2p orbitals is mainly formed via the d orbitals of uranium and molybdenum(Mo)atoms in the dissociation and re-adsorption of CO molecule.In conclusion,Mo doping of the surface can decelerate the adsorption and dissociation of CO molecules.A Mo-doped surface,created through ion injection,enhanced the resistance to uranium-induced surface corrosion.

5G Ultra-Dense Network Fingerprint Positioning Method Based on Matrix Completion

The problem of high-precision indoor positioning in the 5G era has attracted more and more attention.A fingerprint location method based on matrix completion(MC-FPL)is proposed for 5G ultradense networks to overcome the high costs of traditional fingerprint database construction and matching algorithms.First,a partial fingerprint database constructed and the accelerated proximal gradient algorithm is used to fill the partial fingerprint database to construct a full fingerprint database.Second,a fingerprint database division method based on the strongest received signal strength indicator is proposed,which divides the original fingerprint database into several sub-fingerprint databases.Finally,a classification weighted K-nearest neighbor fingerprint matching algorithm is proposed.The estimated coordinates of the point to be located can be obtained by fingerprint matching in a sub-fingerprint database.The simulation results show that the MC-FPL algorithm can reduce the complexity of database construction and fingerprint matching and has higher positioning accuracy compared with the traditional fingerprint algorithm.

Structural survey of metal-covalent organic frameworks and covalent metal-organic frameworks

This review offers an overview of the latest developments in metal-covalent organic framework(MCOF)and covalent metal-organic framework(CMOF)materials,whose construction entails a combination of reversible coordination and covalent bonding adapted from metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)and covalent organic frameworks(COFs),respectively.With an emphasis on the MCOF and CMOF structures,this review surveys their building blocks and topologies.Specifically,the frameworks are classified based on the dimensions of their components(building blocks),namely,discrete building blocks and one-dimensional infinite building blocks.For the first category,the materials are further divided into collections of two-and three-dimensional networks based on their topologies.For the second category,the recently emerging MCOFs with woven structures are covered.Finally,the state-of-the-art in MCOF and CMOF chemistry has been laid out for promising avenues in future developments.

Backstepping Sliding Mode Control Based on Extended State Observer for Hydraulic Servo System

Hydraulic servo system plays an important role in industrial fields due to the advantages of high response,small size-to-power ratio and large driving force.However,inherent nonlinear behaviors and modeling uncertainties are the main obstacles for hydraulic servo system to achieve high tracking perfor-mance.To deal with these difficulties,this paper presents a backstepping sliding mode controller to improve the dynamic tracking performance and anti-interfer-ence ability.For this purpose,the nonlinear dynamic model is firstly established,where the nonlinear behaviors and modeling uncertainties are lumped as one term.Then,the extended state observer is introduced to estimate the lumped distur-bance.The system stability is proved by using the Lyapunov stability theorem.Finally,comparative simulation and experimental are conducted on a hydraulic servo system platform to verify the efficiency of the proposed control scheme.

Solvents incubatedπ-πstacking in hole transport layer for perovskite-silicon 2-terminal tandem solar cells with 27.21%efficiency

Room temperature sputtered inorganic nickel oxide(NiO_(x))is one of the most promising hole transport layers(HTL)for perovskite-sillion 2-terminal tandem solar cells with the aid of ultrathin and compact organic layers to passivate the surface defects.In this study,the aromatic solvent with different substituent groups was used to regulate the conformation of poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)am ine](PTAA)layer.As a result,the single-junction perovskite solar cell(PSC)gained a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 20.63%,contributing to a 27.21%efficiency for monolithic perovskite/silicon(double-side polished)2-terminal tandem solar cell,by applying the alkyl aromatic solvent to enhance theπ-πstacking of PTAA molecular chains.The tandem solar cell can maintain 95%initial efficiency after aging over 1000 h.This study provides a universal approach for improving the photovoltaic performance of NiO_(x)/polymer-based perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells and other single junction inverted PSCs.

中国的工业化:过去与现在(1887-2017)

从19世纪60年代第一批现代企业建立至今,中国的工业化经历了一个半世纪。本文首次将历史工业调查数据库和当代工业调查数据库合并,并结合宏观统计数据,研究我国工业化的发展历程及在世界上相对地位的演变。研究发现,我国的工业规模及在世界工业产值中所占比重都在2011年达到世界第一,目前是世界上工业门类最齐全的国家。工业在总GDP中所占比重1977年超过农业居于第一,并在2003年达到最高(60.11%),此后开始下降,并在2012年被服务业超过,这反映了我国整体产业结构的不断升级;工业总产值中先进制造业所占比重的不断提高也说明了这一点。20世纪以来我国工业区位的分布呈现了从扩散到集聚,再扩散到再集聚的过程,这一特点很大程度上与政府在某些时期对工业化的主导有关,工业部门内部轻重工业相对比重的变化很大程度上也与政府政策有关。工业部门的劳动生产率经历了从1912-1952年的负增长到1952-2017年正增长的转变,体现了我国工业从劳动密集型生产转为资本密集型生产及技术水平的提高。制造业企业的全要素生产率经历了从1933年的较低水平到20世纪80年代至90年代的迅速增长,此后也维持在较高水平,并且在不同时期的不同地区呈现出较大差异。本文的研究结论有助于更好地理解我国的工业化历程,并对下一阶段深入推进新型工业化道路提供一定借鉴。

泪小点栓塞术对中度混合型干眼的疗效观察

目的观察泪小点栓塞术对中度混合型干眼患者眼部症状体征及炎症因子的影响,评价泪小点栓塞术对中度混合型干眼的疗效。方法对中度混合型干眼患者行泪小点栓塞术。对患者术前、术后30和60 d的OSDI评分、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)、泪液分泌实验(未表面麻醉的Schirmer I)以及角膜荧光染色评分进行评估,并且测量泪液中炎症因子IL-1β、金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)及TNF-α的表达,比较上述指标的变化。结果34例(68眼)中度混合型干眼患者术后与术前相比,干眼患者OSDI评分、角膜荧光染色评分下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而泪液分泌实验、泪膜破裂时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);泪液中炎症因子IL-1β,MMP-9及TNF-α的水平均出现了不同程度的降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论泪小点栓塞术能改善中度混合型干眼患者的眼部症状体征,降低眼表炎症因子的水平。

断点回归设计:理论前沿进展与新应用场景

近年来,作为最重要的准实验方法之一,断点回归设计(RDD)在经济学研究中的重要性不仅体现在应用实践中的快速发展,更体现在一系列前沿理论的突破与完善。本文系统梳理了连续性和局部随机性两种断点回归设计的分析框架,总结了两种框架的关键假设、估计方法、统计推断、实现方式及主要操作步骤,在此基础上对比了两者在理论和应用场景方面的差异。本文进一步阐述了多重配置变量、多重断点和拐点回归设计等三种特殊情形下的RDD估计方法,并提供了具体的实现方式,为丰富RDD方法的应用场景、拓展实证研究的可行性提供了有力支撑。

肠碱性磷酸酶在肠黏膜屏障中的作用

肠碱性磷酸酶(intestinal alkaline phosphatase,IAP)是一种碱性磷酸酶,在维持肠黏膜屏障的稳定和肠道功能具有重要作用,其中包括调节十二指肠pH、反映肠道的发育情况及小肠上皮细胞的吸收能力,降低肠道脂多糖毒力、预防和减少肠道炎症、调节肠道菌群分布、抑制细菌位移、改善肠道钙吸收等功能.本文对近年来IAP在肠黏膜屏障中的作用研究进展做一综述.

做市商制度促进股票流动性了吗?——来自新三板市场的证据

本文以2014年8月新三板引入做市商制度为拟自然实验,结合2014—2017年新三板挂牌公司数据,采用双重差分法检验了交易方式转变对股票流动性的影响。研究发现,从交易笔数、交易规模、换手率、价格冲击指标和价差等多个维度看,交易方式由协议转让转变为做市转让,均能显著提升公司股票流动性。上述结论在交易数据剔除大宗交易订单后依然稳健。进一步异质性分析表明,在交易方式转变后,初始流动性越差,公司股票流动性提升越明显;主办券商获取库存股的折价率越低,股票流动性提升也越明显。从机制角度分析,做市商制度一方面通过提升个人投资者的活跃度,提升了做市企业的流动性;另一方面通过缓解价格波动,稳定市场价格,带来流动性的改善。

强大国内市场与经济增长极培育--基于市场一体化视角的分析

利用高速公路“国道主干线系统”这一准自然实验,本文在市场一体化视角下检验了交通基础设施建设对产业集聚的影响,诠释了强大的国内市场有助于经济增长极的培育。我们借鉴Baum-Snow等(2016)的方法构建了地级市层面的市场可达性指标,全面地反映了交通基础设施发展对国内市场一体化程度的提升作用。基于1998-2007年地级市-二位数制造业行业维度的面板数据,本文发现市场一体化显著提升了地区和行业上经济活动的集聚程度。我们还发现这种促进作用在中部地区和轻工业行业中较为明显,在更具比较优势、区内基建基础更好的地区更加突出。进一步的分析发现,市场一体化还带来了企业创新活动的增加。

Investigation of gas content of organic-rich shale:A case study from Lower Permian shale in southern North China Basin,central China

Measuring gas content is an essential step in estimating the commerciality of gas reserves. In this study,eight shale core samples from the Mouye-1 well were measured using a homemade patented gas desorption apparatus to determine their gas contents. Due to the air contamination that is introduced into the desorption canister, a mathematical method was devised to correct the gas quantity and quality.Compared to the chemical compositions of desorbed gas, the chemical compositions of residual gas are somewhat different. In residual gas, carbon dioxide and nitrogen record a slight increase, and propane is first observed. This phenomenon may be related to the exposure time during the transportation of shale samples from the drilling site to the laboratory, as well as the differences in the mass, size and adsorptivity of different gas molecules. In addition to a series of conventional methods, including the USBM direct method and the Amoco Curve Fit(ACF) method, which were used here for lost gas content estimation, a Modified Curve Fit(MCF) method, based on the 'bidisperse' diffusion model, was established to estimate lost gas content. By fitting the ACF and MCF models to gas desorption data, we determined that the MCF method could reasonably describe the gas desorption data over the entire time period, whereas the ACF method failed. The failure of the ACF method to describe the gas desorption process may be related to its restrictive assumption of a single pore size within shale samples. In comparison to the indirect method, this study demonstrates that none of the three methods studied in this investigation(USBM, ACF and MCF) could individually estimate the lost gas contents of all shale samples and that the proportion of free gas relative to total gas has a significant effect on the estimation accuracy of the selected method. When the ratio of free gas to total gas is lower than 45%, the USBM method is the best for estimating the lost gas content, whereas when the ratio ranges from 45% to 75% or is more than 75%, the ACF and MCF methods, are the best options respectively.

水稻组合气象灾害的一个实例研究

气候异常变化对作物生产的影响正日趋增大,但气候异常究竟会以何种方式影响作物生长还鲜见报道。2007 年位于江汉平原(以湖北省荆州市为中心)发生罕见的中稻结实障碍,且田间受害症状表现为典型的高、低温致害症状。通过对田间试验和大范围生产调查,对水稻受害与气候条件之间的关系进行了因果对应分析。结果表明,7 月 20 日~7 月 25 日期间,部分地区有一个罕见的降温过程,日均温低达 20℃,达到籼稻品种孕穗期敏感温度范围;8 月 6 日~8 月 10 日,部分地区出现一个连续高温天气过程,日均温或最高温度达到日均气温 ≥ 30℃或最高气温 ≥ 35℃,将各地受害程度与气象条件进行比对、综合分析,将本年度中稻结实障碍因不同地区分为 3 类,分别为低温主导型、高温主导型和低、高温叠加组合型。其中以低、高温叠加组合型危害程度最重,即它既受到减数分裂期的低温危害也受到了开花期的高温危害。此实例启示,全球气候变暖将会给作物生产造成更为复杂和严重的灾害,相应应对技术的研究显得十分紧迫。

Changes in intestinal mucosal immune barrier in rats with endotoxemia

AIM： To investigate the dysfunction of the immunological barrier of the intestinal mucosa during endotoxemia and to elucidate the potential mechanism of this dysfunction. METHODS： Male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into two groups： control group and lipopolysaccharide （LPS） group. Endotoxemia was induced by a single caudal venous injection of LPS. Animals were sacrificed in batches 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after LPS infusion. The number of microfold （M）-cells, dendritic cells （DCs）, CD4＋ T cells, CD8＋ T cells, regulatory T （Tr） cells and IgA＋ B cells in the intestinal mucosa were counted after immunohistochemical staining. Apoptotic lymphocytes were counted after TUNEL staining. The levels of interleukin （IL）-4, interferon （IFN）-γ, and forkhead box P3 （Foxp3） in mucosal homogenates were measured by ELISA. The secretory IgA （sIgA） content in the total protein of one milligram of small intestinal mucus was detected using a radioimmunological assay.RESULTS： This research demonstrated that LPS-induced endotoxemia results in small intestinal mucosa injury. The number of M-cells, DCs, CD8~ T cells, and IgA~ B cells were decreased while Tr cell and apoptotic lymphocyte numbers were increased significantly. The number of CD4＋ T cells increased in the early stages and then slightly decreased by 24 h. The level of IL-4 significantly increased in the early stages and then reversed by the end of the study period. The level of IFN-T increased slightly in the early stages and then decreased markedly by the 24 h time point. Level of Foxp3 increased whereas sIgA level decreased.CONCLUSION： Mucosal immune dysfunction forms part of the intestinal barrier injury during endotoxemia. The increased number and function of Tr cells as well as lymphocyte apoptosis result in mucosal immunode- ficiency.

Synthesis of TiO_2/g-C_3N_4 nanocomposites with phosphate–oxygen functional bridges for improved photocatalytic activity

One of the most general methods to enhance the separation of photogenerated carriers for g‐C3N4is to construct a suitable heterojunctional composite,according to the principle of matching energy levels.The interface contact in the fabricated nanocomposite greatly influences the charge transfer and separation so as to determine the final photocatalytic activities.However,the role of interface contact is often neglected,and is rarely reported to date.Hence,it is possible to further enhance the photocatalytic activity of g‐C3N4‐based nanocomposite by improving the interfacial connection.Herein,phosphate-oxygen(P-O)bridged TiO2/g‐C3N4nanocomposites were successfully synthesized using a simple wet chemical method,and the effects of the P-O functional bridges on the photogenerated charge separation and photocatalytic activity for pollutant degradation and CO2reduction were investigated.The photocatalytic activity of g‐C3N4was greatly improved upon coupling with an appropriate amount of nanocrystalline TiO2,especially with P-O bridged TiO2.Atmosphere‐controlled steady‐state surface photovoltage spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy analyses revealed clearly the enhancement of photogenerated charge separation of g‐C3N4upon coupling with the P-O bridged TiO2,resulting from the built P-O bridges between TiO2and g‐C3N4so as to promote effective transfer of excited electrons from g‐C3N4to TiO2.This enhancement was responsible for the improved photoactivity of the P-O bridged TiO2/g‐C3N4nanocomposite,which exhibited three‐time photocatalytic activity enhancement for2,4‐dichlorophenol degradation and CO2reduction compared with bare g‐C3N4.Furthermore,radical‐trapping experiments revealed that the·OH species formed as hole‐modulated direct intermediates dominated the photocatalytic degradation of2,4‐dichlorophenol.This work provides a feasible strategy for the design and synthesis of high‐performance g‐C3N4‐based nanocomposite photocatalysts for pollutant degradation and CO2reduction.

Modulation Instability and Non-Degenerate Akhmediev Breathers of Manakov Equations

We reveal a special subset of non-degenerate Akhmediev breather(AB)solutions of Manakov equations that only exist in the focusing case.Based on exact solutions,we present the existence diagram of such excitations on the frequency-wavenumber plane.Conventional single-frequency modulation instability leads to simultaneous excitation of three ABs with two of them being non-degenerate.

CO_(2) capture and conversion to value-added products promoted by MXene-based materials

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2) ) capture and conversion is the key route for the mitigation of the greenhouse effect and utilization of carbon sources to obtain value-added products or fuels.Much attention is paid to the development of novel materials with high CO_(2) adsorption capacity and conversion rate.MXene is the graphene-like two-dimensional metal carbide/nitride/carbonitride owning favorable structure,morphology,high surface-bulk ratio,and physicochemical properties.Here,we review the CO_(2) capture,sensing,and conversion by MXene and MXene-based materials.Furthermore,the underlying mechanism involved the capture,sensing,and conversion of CO_(2) is summarized.This review would open a new horizon for CO_(2) valorization with high efficiency and promising widespread applications.